分享

雪莱的《西风颂》中英文版及赏析

 许愿真 2015-01-29

《西风颂》英语原文

Ode to the West Wind
I
         O wild West Wind, thou breath of Autumn's being,
         Thou, from whose unseen presence the leaves dead
         Are driven, like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing,

         Yellow, and black, and pale, and hectic red,
         Pestilence-stricken multitudes: O thou,
         Who chariotest to their dark wintry bed

         The winged seeds, where they lie cold and low,
         Each like a corpse within its grave, until
         Thine azure sister of the Spring shall blow

        Her clarion o'er the dreaming earth, and fill
        (Driving sweet buds like flocks to feed in air)
        With living hues and odours plain and hill:

        Wild Spirit, which art moving everywhere;
        Destroyer and preserver; hear, oh hear!

II
        Thou on whose stream, mid the steep sky's commotion,
        Loose clouds like earth's decaying leaves are shed,
        Shook from the tangled boughs of Heaven and Ocean,

        Angels of rain and lightning: there are spread
        On the blue surface of thine a{:e}ry surge,
        Like the bright hair uplifted from the head

        Of some fierce Maenad, even from the dim verge
        Of the horizon to the zenith's height,
        The locks of the approaching storm. Thou dirge

        Of the dying year, to which this closing night
        Will be the dome of a vast sepulchre,
        Vaulted with all thy congregated might

        Of vapours, from whose solid atmosphere
        Black rain, and fire, and hail will burst: oh hear!

III
        Thou who didst waken from his summer dreams
        The blue Mediterranean, where he lay,
        Lull'd by the coil of his cryst{`a}lline streams,

        Beside a pumice isle in Baiae's bay,
        And saw in sleep old palaces and towers
        Quivering within the wave's intenser day,

        All overgrown with azure moss and flowers
        So sweet, the sense faints picturing them! Thou
        For whose path the Atlantic's level powers

        Cleave themselves into chasms, while far below
        The sea-blooms and the oozy woods which wear
        The sapless foliage of the ocean, know

        Thy voice, and suddenly grow gray with fear,
        And tremble and despoil themselves: oh hear!


IV
        If I were a dead leaf thou mightest bear;
        If I were a swift cloud to fly with thee;
        A wave to pant beneath thy power, and share

        The impulse of thy strength, only less free
        Than thou, O uncontrollable! If even
        I were as in my boyhood, and could be

        The comrade of thy wanderings over Heaven,
        As then, when to outstrip thy skiey speed
        Scarce seem'd a vision; I would ne'er have striven

        As thus with thee in prayer in my sore need.
        Oh, lift me as a wave, a leaf, a cloud!
        I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!

        A heavy weight of hours has chain'd and bow'd
        One too like thee: tameless, and swift, and proud.


V
        Make me thy lyre, even as the forest is:
        What if my leaves are falling like its own!
        The tumult of thy mighty harmonies

        Will take from both a deep, autumnal tone,
        Sweet though in sadness. Be thou, Spirit fierce,
        My spirit! Be thou me, impetuous one!

        Drive my dead thoughts over the universe
        Like wither'd leaves to quicken a new birth!
        And, by the incantation of this verse,

        Scatter, as from an unextinguish'd hearth
        Ashes and sparks, my words among mankind!
        Be through my lips to unawaken'd earth

        The trumpet of a prophecy! O Wind,
        If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?

《西风颂》中文译文

西风颂

      哦,狂野的西风,秋之实体的气息!
      由于你无形无影的出现,万木萧疏,
      似鬼魅逃避驱魔巫师,蔫黄,黢黑,

      苍白,潮红,疫疠摧残的落叶无数,
      四散飘舞;哦,你又把有翅的种籽
      凌空运送到他们黑暗的越冬床圃;

      仿佛是一具具僵卧在坟墓里的尸体,
      他们将分别蛰伏,冷落而又凄凉,
      直到阳春你蔚蓝的姐妹向梦中的大地
 
       吹响她嘹亮的号角(如同牧放群羊
       驱送香甜的花蕾到空气中觅食就饮)
       给高山平原注满生命的色彩和芬芳。

       不羁的精灵,你啊,你到处运行;
       你破坏,你也保存,听,哦,听!

       在你的川流上,在骚动的高空,
       纷乱的乌云,那雨和电的天使,
       正象大地凋零枯散的落叶无穷,

       挣脱天空和海洋交情缠接的柯枝,
       漂流奔泻;在你清虚的波涛表面,
       似酒神女祭司头上扬起的蓬勃青丝。

       从那茫茫地平线阴暗的边缘
       直到苍穹的绝顶,到处散步着
       迫近的暴风雨飘摇翻腾的发卷。

       你啊,垂死残年的挽歌,四合的夜幕
       在你聚集的全部水汽威力的支撑下,
       将构成他那庞大墓穴的拱形顶部。

       从你那雄浑磅礴的氛围,将迸发
       黑色的雨、火、冰雹;哦,听啊!

        你,哦,是你把蓝色的地中海
        从梦中唤醒,他在一整个夏天
        都酣睡在贝伊湾一座浮石岛外,

        被澄澈的流水喧哗声催送入眠,
        梦见了古代的楼台、塔堡和宫闱,
        在强烈汹涌的波光里不住地抖颤,

        全部长满了蔚蓝色苔藓和花卉,
        馨香馥郁,如醉的知觉难以描摹。
        哦,为了给你让路,大西洋水

        豁然开裂,而在浩森波澜深处,
        海底的花藻和枝叶无汁的丛林,
        哦,由于把你的呼啸声辨认出,

        一时都惨然变色,胆沐心惊,
        战栗着自行凋落;听,哦,听!

          我若是一朵轻捷的浮云能和你同飞,
          我若是一片落叶,你所能提携,
          我若是一头波浪能喘息于你的神威,

          分享你雄强的脉搏,自由不羁,
          仅次于,哦,仅次于不可控制的你,
          我若能象少年时,作为伴侣,

          随你同游天际,因为在那时节,
          似乎超越你天界的神速也不为奇迹;
          我也就不至于象现在这样急切,

          向你苦苦祈求。哦,快把我扬起,
          就象你扬起的波浪、浮云、落叶!
          我倾覆于人生的荆棘!我在流血!

          岁月的重负压制着的这一个太象你,
          象你一样,骄傲,不驯,而且敏捷。

          象你以森林演奏,请你也以我为琴,
          哪怕我的叶片也象森林一样凋谢!
          你那非凡和谐的慷慨激越之情,

          定能从森林和我同奏出深沉的秋乐,
          悲怆却又甘洌。但愿你勇猛的精灵
          竟是我的魂魄,我能成为剽悍的你!

          请把我枯萎的思绪播送宇宙,
          就象你驱遣落叶催促新的生命,
          请凭借我这韵文写就的符咒,

          就象从未灭的余烬扬出炉灰和火星,
          把我的话语传遍天地间万户千家,
          通过我的嘴唇,向沉睡未醒的人境,

          让预言的号角奏鸣!哦,风啊,
          如果冬天来了,春天还会远吗?


《西风颂》赏析
    《西风颂》雪莱“三大颂”诗歌中的一首,写于1819年。当时,欧洲各国的工人运动和革命运动风起云涌。英国工人阶级为了争取自身的生存权利,正同资产阶级展开英勇的斗争,捣毁机器和罢工事件接连不断。1819年8月,曼彻斯特八万工人举行了声势浩大的游行示威,反动当局竟出动军队野蛮镇压,制造了历史上著名的彼得卢大屠杀事件。雪莱满怀悲愤,写下了长诗《暴政的假面游行》,对资产阶级政府的血腥暴行提出严正抗议。法国自拿破仑帝制崩溃、波旁王朝复辟以后,阶级矛盾异常尖锐,广大人民正酝酿着反对封建复辟势力的革命斗争。拿破仑帝国的解体也大大促进了西班牙人民反对异族压迫和封建专制的革命运动,1819年1月,终于响起了武装起义的枪声。就在武装起义的前夕,海涅给西班牙人民献上了《颂歌》一首,为西班牙革命吹响了进军的号角。在意大利和希腊,民族解放运动方兴未艾,雪莱的《西风颂》发表不久,这两个国家也先后爆发了轰轰烈烈的武装起义。面对着欧洲山雨欲来风满楼的革命形势,雪莱为之鼓舞,为之振奋,诗人胸中沸腾着炽热的革命激情。这时,在一场暴风骤雨的自然景象的触发下,这种难以抑制的革命激情立刻冲出胸膛,一泻千里,化作激昂慷慨的歌唱。这时诗人正旅居意大利,处于创作的高峰期。这首诗可以说是诗人“骄傲、轻捷而不驯的灵魂”的自白,是时代精神的写照。诗人凭借自己的诗才,借助自然的精灵让自己的生命与鼓荡的西风相呼相应,用气势恢宏的篇章唱出了生命的旋律和心灵的狂舞。
   诗共分5节,每节的韵脚安排是:aba,bcb,cdc,ded,ee,前3节写“西风”。那狂烈的西风,它的威力可以将一切腐朽的生命扯碎,天空在它的呼啸中战栗着。看吧!那狂暴犹如狂女的头发,在天地间摇曳,布满整个宇宙;那黑夜中浓浓的无边际的神秘,是西风力量的凝结;那黑色的雨、冰雹和火焰是它的帮手。这力量足以打破一切。
   在秋天,西风狂暴地将陈腐的生命吹去,以横扫千军之势除去没有生机的枯叶,吹去那痨病似的生命。然而,它没有残杀一粒生命。它要将种子放进冬天深深的心中,在那里生根发芽,埋下春的信息。然后,西风吹响春的号角,让碧绿、香气布满大地,让它们随着西风运行的足迹四处传播。经过西风的破坏和培育,生命在旺盛地生长;那景象、那迷人的芳香在迅速地蔓延着,那污浊的、残破的东西已奄奄一息,在海底战栗着。
   诗人用优美而蓬勃的想象写出了西风的形象。那气势恢宏的诗句,强烈撼人的激情把西风的狂烈、急于扫除旧世界创造新世界的形象展现在人们面前。诗中比喻奇特,形象鲜明,枯叶的腐朽、狂女的头发、黑色的雨、夜的世界无不深深地震撼着人们的心灵。
   诗歌的后两段写诗人与西风的应和。“我跌在生活的荆棘上,我流血了!”这令人心碎的诗句道出了诗人不羁心灵的创伤。尽管如此,诗人愿意被西风吹拂,愿意自己即将逝去的生命在被撕碎的瞬间感受到西风的精神,西风的气息;诗人愿奉献自己的一切,为即将到来的春天奉献。在诗的结尾,诗人以预言家的口吻高喊:“要是冬天已经来了,西风呵,春日怎能遥远?”
   这里,西风已经成了一种象征,它是一种无处不在的宇宙精神,一种打破旧世界,追求新世界的西风精神。诗人以西风自喻,表达了自己对生活的信念和向旧世界宣战的决心。

    本站是提供个人知识管理的网络存储空间,所有内容均由用户发布,不代表本站观点。请注意甄别内容中的联系方式、诱导购买等信息,谨防诈骗。如发现有害或侵权内容,请点击一键举报。
    转藏 分享 献花(0

    0条评论

    发表

    请遵守用户 评论公约

    类似文章 更多