感谢College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley和Kengo Kuma & Associates对gooood的分享。此外Kengo Kuma & Associates的中国办公室正在招聘全职建筑设计师/实习生，欢迎大家点击职位了解更多。
美国加州对环境友善的观念促成了本案的核心概念─食材之家：对于建筑材料，希望使用可再生的当地资源；对于建筑计画，希望藉由当地食物的生命週期活动拉近人与自然的关系。「食材之家」赢得了第四届LIXIL建筑国际竞图首奖，和前三届以住宅机能为主的方案不同，「食材之家」是一公共的空间，提供日本北海道社区居民聚集、烹饪、享用当地美味的食物。
Nest We Grow Memu Meadows, 158-1 Memu, Taiki-cho, Hiro-gun, Hokkaido, Japan
In response to an international design-build competition, our team proposed a quintessentially Californian approach embracing many ideas still new to Asia, from where most of us hail. These Californian ideas formed into Nest we Grow, which grew from a shared interest in the materials that make up our build environment with a focus on renewable materials. Nest We Grow won the 4th Annual LIXIL International design-build competition in 2014, and unlike structures built in the first years of the competition, it is an open, public structure. Its main intent is to bring people in the community together to store, prepare and enjoy local foods in the setting of Hokkaido, Japan.
设计团队是由美国加州大学柏克莱分校建筑学系六位研究生所组成，其中有两位台湾人，两位中国人，两位美国人。以跨文化的组队方式激盪出新的人与自然的空间关系。由于在加州常见运用自然材料工法的建筑，我们希望能在亚洲日本尝试此想法，因此我们研究过土砖、稻草砖、夯土牆的工法在日本的可行性，然而经过反覆研究发现，目前美国常见的工法，在日本跨国技术移转的门槛却高出许多。
我们转而找寻日本当地常见的材料工法进行创新，发现日本小断面木构造十分盛行，故兴起与美国大断面木构造 (heavy timber construction)的想法作结合，因而产生了以小断面木材结合成较大断面的複合柱工法。藉由与日本结构顾问和当地木匠讨论进而确定工法细节。此工法能够有效地降低造价，减低施工难度，使「食材之家」从设计到施工在六个月内的期限完成。
Our team of graduate students, comprised of two Taiwanese, two Chinese, and one American, sought to examine what structural and material elements we could combine to create this community and food oriented space. We recognized how modest materials and actions are celebrated in Berkeley and wanted to explore their implications in Asia. Our initial research started with techniques we find readily in California, including rammed-earth walls and straw bale construction. We presented these ideas in pursuit of a building that would introduce renewable building techniques to an area of Japan that could take advantage of these concepts. What we found was an appreciation for the difficulty of applying transnational technology in a new environment.
We also focused on a heavy timber construction technique coming from the US, which uses large sections of wood. In Japan this translated to the composite column, which uses smaller pieces of wood to generate a larger column. It took considerable effort to identify a way to join materials, which was influenced by both local carpentry practices and the Japanese material market. We were also under a considerable time constraint with the entire building process taking only six months to complete.
↑ connections 连接
结合日本传统的农作物风乾保存法，木构架在形塑空间之外，更提供食物依据季节风乾展示的舞台。在这可吊挂植物与食物的木构架结构，我们试图创造日本落叶松木林内的垂直空间经验。在这犹如鸟巢般的木构架中，受到日本わび?さび（侘?寂）的美学与生活意识影响，我们设计了一个附有火炉的茶室空间，提供社区居民聚集聊天，并使人在视觉与触觉方面能感受到被食物环绕的状态。从远方望向「食材之家」，会看到植物与食物构成了建筑立面，犹如一座食物森林矗立在这广大的北海道平原上。
The wall at the base of the building, in addition to creating a micro topography, helps to block the prevailing northwest winter wind. The Nest takes advantage of the transparent plastic corrugated sheets on the fa?ade and roof, allowing light in for the plants, and heating the space during colder months, extending the usability of the Nest. Sliding panels in the fa?ade and roof open to facilitate air movement through the structure during the summer and warmer parts of the day. The tea platform sits up into the Nest, keeping it in the warm air created by the skin during the colder months, and in a cross ventilated area during the warm summer months.
↑ plants elevation and unrolled facade 植物展开立面
位于地面层的填土厚牆，除了创造出有趣的微地形与增加种植区域外，亦帮助阻挡西北向的冬季盛行风，社区厨房料理檯面与堆肥厕所亦整合在厚牆中，使地面层空间使用上更灵活开放，地面厚牆之间设有农作物回收的堆肥空间，提供一个长时间的蓄热与发热来源。「食材之家」利用了透明与半透明的塑料浪板引入光线照射植物，加热室内空间，在寒冷的北国冬季延长植物可生长时间；在温暖的夏季，立面的拉门与屋顶的天窗可适度地打开以产生空气对流。使位于空中的茶室享受冬暖夏凉的气候状态。
The wood frame structure mimics the vertical spatial experience of a Japanese larch forest from which food is hung to grow and dry. A tea platform in the middle of the nest creates a gathering space where the community can visually and physically enjoy food around a sunken fireplace. Local foods make up the elevation of the Nest as people see the food forest floating above the landform.
↑ climate response strategies 气候应对策略
立面的开口可依周遭的自然环境气候与室内环境需求作弹性地调节使用，开口部关闭时可产生室内与户外不同的物理环境状态，开启时可营造北国辽阔的视觉框景与体感的舒适气流。漏斗形屋顶可收集雨水与雪水到地面层的水箱，简单却有效率的集水系统可用来灌溉种植的食物。漏斗的形式象徵著「食材之家」将自然的元素〈水、光、空气等〉导入内部的状态。
The openness of the fa?ade allows the building to incorporate the surrounding natural environment into the interior climate, but can also be closed off to create a buffer between the two. The funnel-shaped roof harvests rain water and snow melt. The collected water is delivered to tanks that are then used to irrigate the plants in the concrete wall. The shape signifies the Nest’s ability to bring nature in the form of air, water and light into the Nest.
「食材之家」的空间机能是由当地食物的生命週期与人的互动所决定的，从生长、採收、储藏、烹饪用餐到堆肥，重新变成土壤回到生长的循环，每个阶段都有设计其相应的空间。所有社区居民皆鼓励参与任一食物生命週期循环阶段，使「食材之家」一年四季成为团体聚集或学习的平台。社区居民的参与延长并完整了食物的生命週期，这其实是一个人与自然互利共生的和谐关系。故我们可以看到人与其所食在「食材之家」随著时间发生种种的活动，我们也可以说「食材之家」是为食物与人设计的家。
The program of the Nest is decided according to the life cycle of these local foods: growing, harvesting, storing, cooking/dining, and composting, which restarts the cycle. All members of the community help to complete each stage, allowing the structure to become a platform for group learning and gathering activities in the Nest throughout the year. Community participation extends and completes the life cycle of local foods, which is a symbiotic relationship. This is the time-line of people and food in the Nest, and this is the Nest for people and food.
↑ program diagram
↑ life cycle diagram
↑ life cycle of local foods
↑ Sectional Perspective
↑ gound floor plan
↑ second level plan
↑ third level plan
↑ forth level plan
↑ east elevation
↑ north elevation
↑ south elevation
↑ west elevation
↑ AA section
↑ planter detail axis 5
↑ planter detail axis A
地点:日本北海道广尾郡大树钉字芽武158-1
完工日期: 西元2014年11月
设计团队: 美国加州大学柏克莱分校环境设计学院，张修玮 (队长)、董凡正、陈信佑、黄燕欣、Baxter Smith、Max Edwards
指导老师:Dana Buntrock , Mark Anderson
建筑师: 隈研吾都市建筑都市设计研究所 (专案经理: 齐川拓未)
结构顾问:早稻田大学名誉教授，新谷真人
机电顾问: 东京大学生产技术研究所野成研究室，森下有、马郡文平
营造厂:株式会社高桥工务店
面积: 85 平方公尺
业主:公益财团法人LIXIL住生活财团
照片来源: 新建筑 (Shinkenchiku-sha)
Completion date: November 2014
Design group: College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley: Hsiu Wei Chang, Hsin-Yu Chen, Fanzheng Dong, Yan Xin Huang, Baxter Smith, Max Edwards (Instructors: Dana Buntrock, Mark Anderson)
Project supervisor: Kengo Kuma & Associates, Takumi Saikawa
Structural engineer: Masato Araya
Mechanical engineer: Tomonari Yashiro Laboratory at the Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo / Bumpei Magori, Yu Morishita
Contractor: Takahashi Construction Company
Floor area: 85,4 m sq.
Client: LIXIL JS Foundation
Photo credit: Shinkenchiku-sha Co., Ltd.
