莎翁十四行诗最有代表性两篇William Shakespeare's Sonnets

自定义1994 2015-03-17

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William Shakespeare has published 154 sonnets in 1609, usually focus on love. Shakespearean or English sonnet, contains 3 quatrains and a couplet (The rhyme scheme is abab cdcd efef gg). Shakespeare didn’t invent, but was the most popular user of the form.Usually the 3 quatrains set up the problem, the couplet offers the solution. The whole sonnet sequence is devoted to a Mr. W. H., whose identity has been one of the unsettled mysteries in literary history. It has probably due to this reason that people have been having wild speculations about William Shakespeare's identity himself. (Some guess that he is a homosexual, others think there never was Shakespeare, but Queen Elizabeth herself has created those wonders.)

Sonnet 1-126 are addressed to a young man (a mysterious Mr. W. H.), beloved of the poet, of superior beauty and rank;
Sonnet 1-17: “procreation sonnets”, urging the young man to marry and beget children;
sonnet 18-26: beauty of the friend;
sonnet 27-126: an unhappy love triangle;
sonnet 127-152: a less coherent group involving a mysterious dark lady;
The final two are translations or adaptations of some version of a Greek epigram.

Sonnet 18

Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?

Thou art more lovely and more temperate:

Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,

And summer's lease hath all too short a date,

Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,

And often is his gold complexion dimmed,

And every fair from fair sometime declines,

By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimmed.

But thy eternal summer shall not fade,

Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,

Nor shall death brag thou wand'rest in his shade,

When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st.

So long as men can breathe or eyescan see,

So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.

十四行诗（第18首）

莎士比亚（译文：梁实秋）

我可能把你和夏天相比拟？

你比夏天更可爱更温和；

狂风会把五月的花苞吹落地，

夏天也嫌太短促，匆匆而过：

有时太阳照得太热，

常常又遮暗他的金色的脸；

美的事物总不免要凋落，

偶然的，或是随自然变化而流转。

但是你的永恒之夏不会褪色；

你不会失去你的俊美的仪容；

死神不能夸说你在他的阴影里面走着，

如果你在这不朽的诗句里获得了永生；

只要人们能呼吸，眼睛能看东西，

此诗就会不朽，使你永久生存下去。

Mistress’ Eyes Are Nothing like the Sun

My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun；
Coral is far more red than her lips’ red：
If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun；
If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head．

I have seen roses damasked, red and white, be in pink
But no such roses see I in her cheeks；
And in some perfumes is there more delight
Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks．

I love to hear her speak, yet well I know
That music hath a far more pleasing sound：
I grant I never saw a goddess go,
My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground．

And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare
As any she belied with false compare．