最近用Mockito写了好多测试,之所以选中Mockito,而不是EasyMock,或者JMock,是因为我看了官方的对比文档:Mockito对比EasyMock,从文档中就可以看出来,Mockito的语法很自然,而EashMock之类的什么record,play模型显得有点多余。Mockito的所有功能都在Mockito这个类中,里面的函数按功能可分为几类: 大多数函数都很直观,看名字就能知道它的功能,下面是一些稍微复杂的用法: 1。 如何匹配变长参数?
public interface OrderDao { public void saveOrders(Order ...order); } public class OrderServiceImpl { OrderDao orderDao; public void addOrders(Order ...o) { orderDao.saveOrders(o); } } 变长参数其实就是一个参数数组,所以可以用any(类[].class)类匹配它,像这样
public class OrderServiceImplTest { @Test public void addOrder() { OrderDao dao = mock(OrderDao.class); OrderServiceImpl orderService = new OrderServiceImpl(dao); Order o = new Order(1); //when(dao.) orderService.addOrders(o); verify(dao,times(1)).saveOrders(any(Order[].class)); } } Mockito本来有个anyVararg就是作这个的,不过我用了发现不行,有点奇怪。
2. Mock和Spy的区别 public class TestServiceImpl { public int getOrderCounts() { return 10; } } @Test public void MockVsSpy() { TestServiceImpl service = mock(TestServiceImpl.class); //输出0,因为该函数被Mockito改写了 System.out.println("Order counts of mock object" + service.getOrderCounts()); when(service.getOrderCounts()).thenReturn(2); //输出2, 因为我们给这个函数打了桩 System.out.println("Order counts of mock object AFTER stubs " + service.getOrderCounts()); service = new TestServiceImpl(); service = spy(service); //输出10, 因为Mockito spy 不会改写已有的函数 System.out.println("Order counts of spy object" + service.getOrderCounts()); when(service.getOrderCounts()).thenReturn(2); //输出2, 因为我们给这个函数打了桩 System.out.println("Order counts of spy object AFTER stubs " + service.getOrderCounts()); } 3. 如何写自定义的参数匹配器 看下面的例子 public class Account { private String name; private String adddress; public Account(String name, String address) { this.name = name; this.adddress = address; } ...get/set 函数 } public interface AccountDao { public void addAccount(Account a); } public class AccountServiceImpl { AccountDao dao; public AccountServiceImpl(AccountDao dao) { this.dao = dao; } public void addAccount(String name, String address) { dao.addAccount(new Account(name, address)); } } public class AccountServiceImplTest { @Test public void addAccount() { AccountDao dao = mock(AccountDao.class); AccountServiceImpl service = new AccountServiceImpl(dao); service.addAccount("obama", "white house"); verify(dao).addAccount(new Account("obama", "white house")); } } 上面的例子会失败,因为Mockito在做参数匹配时是根据equals函数的结果来判断两个参数是不是一样的。而我们的Account类并没有对equals作特殊的实现,所以会失败。修正的方法有三个,一个是改写Account类的equals函数。一个是用Mockito的反射相等匹配,就是把最后一句改成 |
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