【翻译】跟猫咪聊天：了解猫科动物的语言2012-06-30 01:19 今天有点兴奋。。。随便搜索的时候看到这一篇就鼓捣了几个小时翻译了。。。 肢体语言，行为和叫声都是了解猫科动物想法的关键。 你和你的猫咪也许说着不同的语言，但你们仍然可以互相交流。
叫声：说点什么 喵喵声是万能的。这可以表示打招呼（“嘿，吃了么您呐？”），一个命令（“我要上去，我要下去，再来一碗猫粮”），一种抗议（“动动我试试”），一个通知（“这是给你的老鼠”）。有些猫甚至绕着房子自己跟自己喵喵叫。 啾啾声和颤音（Chirps and trills） 是一只母猫在告诉自己的孩子跟着自己时发出的声音。猫咪想要你跟着她，通常是到她的食盆那里。如果你有不止一只猫，他们经常会用这种方式互相沟通。 咕噜声（purr）是满足的信号。猫咪们总在她们开心的时候发出咕噜声，甚至在她们吃东西的时候也这样。不过有时候，猫咪可能在她焦虑或者生病的时候也这样，她们通过咕噜叫来安抚自己，就像小孩吸吮自己的手指一样。 咆哮（Growling），发出咝咝声（hissing）和spitting（吐口水？？） 表示这只猫被惹恼了，很害怕，生气或者有进攻性。不要去招惹这只猫吧。 号叫或啸鸣（yowl or howl）是一种大声的、拖长了的“喵”。你的猫陷入了某种痛苦的困境——被卡在衣柜里面了，找不到你，经受疼痛。对于未阉割和未割去卵巢的猫们来说，这 种声音是求偶的一部分（不过很烦人）。上年纪的猫有时会患上认知障碍（痴呆demenia）因此在她失去方向感的时候也会号叫。（译者按：好可怜TAT） 尖啸表示你的猫正经历剧烈的疼痛。 碎碎念（Chattering, chittering, twittering 我已经词穷了- -！）是你的猫坐在窗台上盯着小鸟或松鼠的时候发出的奇怪声音。一些专家认为这是一种对“致命一咬”的夸张，就像一只猫抓住了她的猎物并在它的脖子上用牙齿咬断了骨头那样。 肢体语言 你的猫在你爱抚她的时候是否把背拱起来让你抚摸？这表示她很享受跟你的这种交流。她是否会在你轻抚的时候躲闪？呆会儿再亲昵吧：她现在没兴趣。 注意她的眼睛，耳朵，身体和尾巴——他们都是故事的一部分。 耳朵 眼睛 尾巴 身体 摩擦 按摩（Kneading）/踩奶 弗莱曼反射（Flehman response） 你猫咪的嗅觉对于他是如此的重要以至于他甚至额外有一个其他很少有动物拥有的嗅觉器官——犁鼻器（Jacobson's organ）。它位于嘴的上颚门牙的后面并且其联通鼻腔。 当你的猫嗅到某种迷人的一小股香气的时候，他张开嘴吸气，这样气味分子流经犁鼻器。这会强化气味并且能提供他嗅到的这种东西更多的信息。他用这些信息干什么呢，这个嘛，我们永远不会知道了。（译者按：坑。。） 心情 满足(Content)：坐着或躺着，眼睛半睁，瞳孔狭窄，尾巴几乎不动，耳朵向前，发出咕噜声。一只很开心的猫咪经常在柔软的表面按揉。 嬉戏（Playful）：耳朵向前，尾巴向上，胡须向前，瞳孔略微张大。玩耍是捕食行为，你的猫咪会尾行他的猎物（玩具，室友，你），然后蹲下，屁股稍稍翘起。经过臀部的一阵骚动，然后。。。猛扑！猫咪抓到了他的猎物，咬它，把它掀翻在地，用后腿踢它。现在那个玩具已经死了。 恼怒，过激（Irritated, over-stimulated）：瞳孔张大，耳朵转向后，尾巴抽动或摆动。这只猫可能咆哮或者给你来上一口以示警告：停。对一些猫来说，激烈的玩耍可能很快转变成过度刺激，导致抓咬。 紧张，焦虑（Nervous, anxious）：耳朵向两边或向后，瞳孔张大，尾巴放低或夹在两腿间。这时的猫咪可能会贴着地匿行穿过房间寻找藏身之地。他也许会把脸转向墙把这个世界都关在心门之外。（译者按：lol） 受惊吓（Frightened, startled）：想想万圣节猫的样子，耳朵向后扁平贴着脑袋，胡须向后，背拱起，毛发竖直，尾巴竖起或放低。可能会号叫、咆哮、发出咝咝声和spit（吐口水- -）。 防御（Defensive）：蹲姿，耳朵扁平，胡须向后，尾巴夹在两腿之间或者围在身体周围，瞳孔张大。也许会大声喵喵叫、咆哮和spit（吐口水- -）。 生气，有进攻性（Angry, aggressive）：耳朵向后，瞳孔极度收缩，尾巴向上或向下，毛发竖直。一只有进攻性的猫会直盯着另一只猫同时咆哮或号叫直到另一只猫让路。猫们并不像真的打架；他们更喜欢僵持平局，但如果另一只猫不肯让步的话，这就有可能升级成斗殴。 译文来自：http://www./animals/cats/tips/cat_communication.html ===================猫狗打架的原因之一就是身体语言的差别： 汪星人专注的盯着目标并且放低身子（前爪前伸）其实是没有敌意的，是【我在等你的指令】或是【来玩吧来玩吧】 喵星人目不转睛蹲伏在地面上的时候是【你要干嘛！】【要来过两招么！】，更大一部分是在警戒。 于是汪星人看到喵星人不动，就兴奋的想过去招呼一下一起玩，然后被喵星人认为在攻击或挑衅……然后……打成一团………… 原文： February 27, 2015 Cat Chat: Understanding Feline Language
You and your cat might speak different languages, but you can still communicate with each other. Important clues such as the look in your cat's eyes, the tone of her voice, the position of her ears and the motion of her tail can reveal her feelings and intentions. You can learn to read these signals so you’ll get a good idea of what's on your cat's mind. Vocalizing
Vocalizing: Your cat has something to talk aboutYou'll learn a lot when you can interpret your cat's wide vocabulary of chirps and meows. They'll tell you when it's time to get up (at least in your cat's opinion), when he's feeling affectionate and if he's feeling threatened or is in pain. "Meow" is an all-purpose word. Your cat may be saying "meow" as a greeting ("Hey, how ya doin'?"), a command ("I want up, I want down, More food now"), an objection ("Touch me at your own risk") or an announcement ("Here's your mouse"). Some people have watched their cats walking around the house meowing to themselves. Nobody’s perfect. Our Cat Answer Tool helps you change cat behaviors you don’t like >> Chirps and trills are how a mother cat tells her kittens to follow her. Aimed at you, it probably means your cat wants you to follow him, usually to his food bowl. If you have more than one cat, you'll often hear them converse with each other this way. Purring is a sign of contentment (usually). Cats purr whenever they're happy, even while they’re eating. Sometimes, however, a cat may purr when she's anxious or sick, using her purr to comfort herself, like a child sucking his thumb. Growling, hissing or spitting indicate a cat who is annoyed, frightened, angry or aggressive. Leave this cat alone. A yowl or howl (they sound like loud, drawn-out meows) tells you your cat is in some kind of distress—stuck in a closet, looking for you or in pain. Find your cat if he's making this noise. However, in unneutered and unspayed cats, these sounds are part of mating behavior (and very annoying). And if your cat is elderly, he may be suffering from a cognitive disorder (dementia) and may howl because he's disoriented. Chattering, chittering or twittering are the noises your cat makes when she's sitting in the window watching birds or squirrels. Some experts think that this is an exaggeration of the "killing bite," when a cat grabs her prey by the neck and works her teeth through the bones to snap them. Body language: Your cat speaks with his whole bodyDoes your cat arch her back up to meet your hand when you pet her? This means she's enjoying this contact with you. Does she shrink away under your slightest touch? Save the petting for later: She's not interested right now. Pay attention to your cat's eyes, ears, body and tail—they're all telling the story. Here are some basic (though sometimes contradictory) clues: Ears
Eyes
Tail
Body
RubbingWhen your cat rubs his chin and body against you, he's telling you he loves you, right? Well, sort of. What he's really doing is marking his territory. You'll notice that he also rubs the chair, the door, his toys, everything in sight. He's telling everyone that this is his stuff, including you. But he does love you, too. KneadingThis is sometimes called "making biscuits," because the cat works her paws on a soft surface as if it she's kneading bread dough. It's a holdover from kittenhood, when a nursing kitten massaged her mother's teats to make milk flow. Your cat does this when she is really happy. The Flehmen responseHave you noticed times when your cat—perhaps while sniffing your shoe—lifts his head, opens his mouth slightly, curls back his lips and squints his eyes? He's not making a statement about how your shoe smells; he's gathering more information. Your cat's sense of smell is so essential to him that he actually has an extra olfactory organ that very few other creatures have: the Jacobson's organ. It's located on the roof of his mouth behind his front teeth and is connected to the nasal cavity. When your cat gets a whiff of something really fascinating, he opens his mouth and inhales so that the scent molecules flow over the Jacobson's organ. This intensifies the odor and provides more information about the object he's sniffing. What he does with that information, well, we'll never know. A Key to Your Cat's MoodsWondering if your cat is happy, meditating or having a bad day? Here's are some tips: Content: Sitting or lying down, eyes half-closed, pupils narrowed, tail mostly still, ears forward and purring—a really happy cat will often knead on a soft surface. Playful: Ears forward, tail up, whiskers forward and pupils somewhat dilated—playing is hunting behavior; your cat may stalk her prey (a toy, a housemate or you), then crouch down with her rear end slightly raised. A little wiggle of the butt, then…pounce! Your cat will grab her prey, bite it, wrestle it the floor and kick it with her hind feet: Her toy is now dead. Irritated or over-stimulated: Pupils dilated, ears turned back and tail twitching or waving—your cat may growl or put his teeth on you as a warning to cease and desist. Intense play can quickly turn into overstimulation in some cats, resulting in biting and scratching. Nervous or anxious: Ears sideways or back, pupils dilated and tail low or tucked between legs—your cat may slink through the house close to the floor, looking for somewhere to hide. He may turn his face to the wall to shut the world out. Frightened or startled: Think Halloween cat—ears back and flat against her head, whiskers back, back arched, fur standing on end and tail erect or low. She may yowl, growl, hiss and spit. Defensive: Crouched, ears flattened, whiskers back, tail between his legs or wrapped around his body, and pupils dilated—he may meow loudly, growl, hiss and spit. Angry, aggressive: Ears back, pupils very constricted, and her tail may be up or down with the fur standing on end—an aggressive cat will stare down another cat and growl or yowl until the other cat gives way. Cats don't really want to fight; they prefer standoffs, but this can progress to fighting if one of the cats doesn't back down. |
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