FROM:http://blog.csdn.net/hdhd588/article/details/6739281
=============================================================
应用程序包的安装是android的特点
APK---AndroidPackage
Android应用安装有如下四种方式:
1.系统应用安装---开机时完成,没有安装界面
2.网络下载应用安装---通过market应用完成,没有安装界面
3.ADB工具安装---没有安装界面。
4.第三方应用安装---通过SD卡里的APK文件安装,有安装界面,由 packageinstaller.apk应用处理安装及卸载过程的界面。
应用安装的流程及路径
应用安装涉及到如下几个目录:
system/app ---------------系统自带的应用程序,获得adb root权限才能删除
data/app ---------------用户程序安装的目录。安装时把apk文件复制到此目录
data/data ---------------存放应用程序的数据
data/dalvik-cache--------将apk中的dex文件安装到dalvik-cache目录下(dex文件是dalvik虚拟机的可执行文件,其大小约为原始apk文件大小的四分之一)
安装过程:
复制APK安装包到data/app目录下,解压并扫描安装包,把dex文件(Dalvik字节码)保存到dalvik-cache目录,并data/data目录下创建对应的应用数据目录。
卸载过程:
删除安装过程中在上述三个目录下创建的文件及目录。
安装应用的过程解析
一.开机安装
PackageManagerService处理各种应用的安装,卸载,管理等工作,开机时由systemServer启动此服务
(源文件路径:android\frameworks\base\services\java\com\android\server\PackageManagerService.java)
PackageManagerService服务启动的流程:
1.首先扫描安装“system\framework”目录下的jar包
-
// Find base frameworks (resource packages without code).
-
mFrameworkInstallObserver = new AppDirObserver(
-
mFrameworkDir.getPath(), OBSERVER_EVENTS, true);
-
mFrameworkInstallObserver.startWatching();
-
scanDirLI(mFrameworkDir, PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM
-
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM_DIR,
-
scanMode | SCAN_NO_DEX, 0);
2.扫描安装系统system/app的应用程序
-
// Collect all system packages.
-
mSystemAppDir = new File(Environment.getRootDirectory(), "app");
-
mSystemInstallObserver = new AppDirObserver(
-
mSystemAppDir.getPath(), OBSERVER_EVENTS, true);
-
mSystemInstallObserver.startWatching();
-
scanDirLI(mSystemAppDir, PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM
-
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM_DIR, scanMode, 0);
3.制造商的目录下/vendor/app应用包
-
// Collect all vendor packages.
-
mVendorAppDir = new File("/vendor/app");
-
mVendorInstallObserver = new AppDirObserver(
-
mVendorAppDir.getPath(), OBSERVER_EVENTS, true);
-
mVendorInstallObserver.startWatching();
-
scanDirLI(mVendorAppDir, PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM
-
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM_DIR, scanMode, 0);
4.扫描“data\app”目录,即用户安装的第三方应用
-
scanDirLI(mAppInstallDir, 0, scanMode, 0);
5.扫描" data\app-private"目录,即安装DRM保护的APK文件(一个受保护的歌曲或受保 护的视频是使用 DRM 保护的文件)
-
scanDirLI(mDrmAppPrivateInstallDir, PackageParser.PARSE_FORWARD_LOCK,
-
scanMode, 0);
扫描方法的代码清单
-
private void scanDirLI(File dir, int flags, int scanMode, long currentTime) {
-
String[] files = dir.list();
-
if (files == null) {
-
Log.d(TAG, "No files in app dir " + dir);
-
return;
-
}
-
if (false) {
-
Log.d(TAG, "Scanning app dir " + dir);
-
}
-
int i;
-
for (i=0; i<files.length; i++) {
-
File file = new File(dir, files[i]);
-
if (!isPackageFilename(files[i])) {
-
// Ignore entries which are not apk's
-
continue;
-
}
-
PackageParser.Package pkg = scanPackageLI(file,
-
flags|PackageParser.PARSE_MUST_BE_APK, scanMode, currentTime);
-
// Don't mess around with apps in system partition.
-
if (pkg == null && (flags & PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM) == 0 &&
-
mLastScanError == PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK) {
-
// Delete the apk
-
Slog.w(TAG, "Cleaning up failed install of " + file);
-
file.delete();
-
}
-
}
-
}
并且从该扫描方法中可以看出调用了scanPackageLI()
private PackageParser.Package scanPackageLI(File scanFile,
int parseFlags, int scanMode, long currentTime)
跟踪scanPackageLI()方法后发现,程序经过很多次的if else 的筛选,最后判定可以安装后调用了 mInstaller.install
-
if (mInstaller != null) {
-
int ret = mInstaller.install(pkgName, useEncryptedFSDir, pkg.applicationInfo.uid,pkg.applicationInfo.uid);
-
if(ret < 0) {
-
// Error from installer
-
mLastScanError = PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE;
-
return null;
-
}
-
}
mInstaller.install() 通过 LocalSocketAddress address = new LocalSocketAddress("installd", LocalSocketAddress.Namespace.RESERVED);
指挥installd在C语言的文件中完成工作。
PackageManagerService小节 :1)从apk, xml中载入pacakge信息, 存储到内部成员变量中, 用于后面的查找. 关键的方法是scanPackageLI().
2)各种查询操作, 包括query Intent操作.
3)install package和delete package的操作. 还有后面的关键方法是installPackageLI().
二、从网络上下载应用:
下载完成后,会自动调用Packagemanager的安装方法installPackage()
/* Called when a downloaded package installation has been confirmed by the user */
由英文注释可见PackageManagerService类的installPackage()函数为安装程序入口。
-
public void installPackage(
-
final Uri packageURI, final IPackageInstallObserver observer, final int flags,
-
final String installerPackageName) {
-
mContext.enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
-
android.Manifest.permission.INSTALL_PACKAGES, null);
-
Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(INIT_COPY);
-
msg.obj = new InstallParams(packageURI, observer, flags,
-
installerPackageName);
-
mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
-
}
其中是通过PackageHandler的实例mhandler.sendMessage(msg)把信息发给继承Handler的类HandleMessage()方法
-
class PackageHandler extends Handler{
-
-
*****************省略若干********************
-
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
-
try {
-
doHandleMessage(msg);
-
} finally {
-
Process.setThreadPriority(Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND);
-
}
-
}
-
******************省略若干**********************
-
}
把信息发给doHandleMessage()方法,方法中用switch()语句进行判定传来Message
-
void doHandleMessage(Message msg) {
-
switch (msg.what) {
-
-
case INIT_COPY: {
-
if (DEBUG_SD_INSTALL) Log.i(TAG, "init_copy");
-
HandlerParams params = (HandlerParams) msg.obj;
-
int idx = mPendingInstalls.size();
-
if (DEBUG_SD_INSTALL) Log.i(TAG, "idx=" + idx);
-
// If a bind was already initiated we dont really
-
// need to do anything. The pending install
-
// will be processed later on.
-
if (!mBound) {
-
// If this is the only one pending we might
-
// have to bind to the service again.
-
if (!connectToService()) {
-
Slog.e(TAG, "Failed to bind to media container service");
-
params.serviceError();
-
return;
-
} else {
-
// Once we bind to the service, the first
-
// pending request will be processed.
-
mPendingInstalls.add(idx, params);
-
}
-
} else {
-
mPendingInstalls.add(idx, params);
-
// Already bound to the service. Just make
-
// sure we trigger off processing the first request.
-
if (idx == 0) {
-
mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(MCS_BOUND);
-
}
-
}
-
break;
-
}
-
case MCS_BOUND: {
-
if (DEBUG_SD_INSTALL) Log.i(TAG, "mcs_bound");
-
if (msg.obj != null) {
-
mContainerService = (IMediaContainerService) msg.obj;
-
}
-
if (mContainerService == null) {
-
// Something seriously wrong. Bail out
-
Slog.e(TAG, "Cannot bind to media container service");
-
for (HandlerParams params : mPendingInstalls) {
-
mPendingInstalls.remove(0);
-
// Indicate service bind error
-
params.serviceError();
-
}
-
mPendingInstalls.clear();
-
} else if (mPendingInstalls.size() > 0) {
-
HandlerParams params = mPendingInstalls.get(0);
-
if (params != null) {
-
params.startCopy();
-
}
-
} else {
-
// Should never happen ideally.
-
Slog.w(TAG, "Empty queue");
-
}
-
break;
-
}
-
****************省略若干**********************
-
}
-
}
public final boolean sendMessage (Message msg)
public final boolean sendEmptyMessage (int what)
两者参数有别。
然后调用抽象类HandlerParams中的一个startCopy()方法
abstract class HandlerParams {
final void startCopy() {
***************若干if语句判定否这打回handler消息*******
handleReturnCode();
}
}
handleReturnCode()复写了两次其中有一次是删除时要调用的,只列出安装调用的一个方法
-
@Override
-
void handleReturnCode() {
-
// If mArgs is null, then MCS couldn't be reached. When it
-
// reconnects, it will try again to install. At that point, this
-
// will succeed.
-
if (mArgs != null) {
-
processPendingInstall(mArgs, mRet);
-
}
-
}
这时可以清楚的看见 processPendingInstall()被调用。
其中run()方法如下
-
run(){
-
synchronized (mInstallLock) {
-
************省略*****************
-
installPackageLI(args, true, res);
-
-
}
-
}
-
instaPacakgeLI()args,res参数分析
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//InstallArgs 是在PackageService定义的static abstract class InstallArgs 静态抽象类。
-
static abstract class InstallArgs {
-
*********************************************************************
-
其中定义了flag标志,packageURL,创建文件,拷贝apk,修改包名称,
-
还有一些删除文件的清理,释放存储函数。
-
*********************************************************************
-
}
-
class PackageInstalledInfo {
-
String name;
-
int uid;
-
PackageParser.Package pkg;
-
int returnCode;
-
PackageRemovedInfo removedInfo;
-
}
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
private void installPackageLI(InstallArgs args,
-
boolean newInstall, PackageInstalledInfo res) {
-
int pFlags = args.flags;
-
String installerPackageName = args.installerPackageName;
-
File tmpPackageFile = new File(args.getCodePath());
-
boolean forwardLocked = ((pFlags & PackageManager.INSTALL_FORWARD_LOCK) != 0);
-
boolean onSd = ((pFlags & PackageManager.INSTALL_EXTERNAL) != 0);
-
boolean replace = false;
-
int scanMode = (onSd ? 0 : SCAN_MONITOR) | SCAN_FORCE_DEX | SCAN_UPDATE_SIGNATURE
-
| (newInstall ? SCAN_NEW_INSTALL : 0);
-
// Result object to be returned
-
res.returnCode = PackageManager.INSTALL_SUCCEEDED;
-
// Retrieve PackageSettings and parse package
-
int parseFlags = PackageParser.PARSE_CHATTY |
-
(forwardLocked ? PackageParser.PARSE_FORWARD_LOCK : 0) |
-
(onSd ? PackageParser.PARSE_ON_SDCARD : 0);
-
parseFlags |= mDefParseFlags;
-
PackageParser pp = new PackageParser(tmpPackageFile.getPath());
-
pp.setSeparateProcesses(mSeparateProcesses);
-
final PackageParser.Package pkg = pp.parsePackage(tmpPackageFile,
-
null, mMetrics, parseFlags);
-
if (pkg == null) {
-
res.returnCode = pp.getParseError();
-
return;
-
}
-
String pkgName = res.name = pkg.packageName;
-
if ((pkg.applicationInfo.flags&ApplicationInfo.FLAG_TEST_ONLY) != 0) {
-
if ((pFlags&PackageManager.INSTALL_ALLOW_TEST) == 0) {
-
res.returnCode = PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_TEST_ONLY;
-
return;
-
}
-
}
-
if (GET_CERTIFICATES && !pp.collectCertificates(pkg, parseFlags)) {
-
res.returnCode = pp.getParseError();
-
return;
-
}
-
// Get rid of all references to package scan path via parser.
-
pp = null;
-
String oldCodePath = null;
-
boolean systemApp = false;
-
synchronized (mPackages) {
-
// Check if installing already existing package
-
if ((pFlags&PackageManager.INSTALL_REPLACE_EXISTING) != 0) {
-
String oldName = mSettings.mRenamedPackages.get(pkgName);
-
if (pkg.mOriginalPackages != null
-
&& pkg.mOriginalPackages.contains(oldName)
-
&& mPackages.containsKey(oldName)) {
-
// This package is derived from an original package,
-
// and this device has been updating from that original
-
// name. We must continue using the original name, so
-
// rename the new package here.
-
pkg.setPackageName(oldName);
-
pkgName = pkg.packageName;
-
replace = true;
-
} else if (mPackages.containsKey(pkgName)) {
-
// This package, under its official name, already exists
-
// on the device; we should replace it.
-
replace = true;
-
}
-
}
-
PackageSetting ps = mSettings.mPackages.get(pkgName);
-
if (ps != null) {
-
oldCodePath = mSettings.mPackages.get(pkgName).codePathString;
-
if (ps.pkg != null && ps.pkg.applicationInfo != null) {
-
systemApp = (ps.pkg.applicationInfo.flags &
-
ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM) != 0;
-
}
-
}
-
}
-
if (systemApp && onSd) {
-
// Disable updates to system apps on sdcard
-
Slog.w(TAG, "Cannot install updates to system apps on sdcard");
-
res.returnCode = PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_INSTALL_LOCATION;
-
return;
-
}
-
if (!args.doRename(res.returnCode, pkgName, oldCodePath)) {
-
res.returnCode = PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE;
-
return;
-
}
-
// Set application objects path explicitly after the rename
-
setApplicationInfoPaths(pkg, args.getCodePath(), args.getResourcePath());
-
pkg.applicationInfo.nativeLibraryDir = args.getNativeLibraryPath();
-
if (replace) {
-
replacePackageLI(pkg, parseFlags, scanMode,
-
installerPackageName, res);
-
} else {
-
installNewPackageLI(pkg, parseFlags, scanMode,
-
installerPackageName,res);
-
}
-
}
最后判断如果以前不存在那么调用installNewPackageLI()
-
private void installNewPackageLI(PackageParser.Package pkg,
-
int parseFlags,int scanMode,
-
String installerPackageName, PackageInstalledInfo res) {
-
***********************省略若干*************************************************
-
PackageParser.Package newPackage = scanPackageLI(pkg, parseFlags, scanMode,
-
System.currentTimeMillis());
-
***********************省略若干**************************************************
-
}
最后终于回到了和开机安装一样的地方.与开机方式安装调用统一方法。
三、从ADB工具安装
其入口函数源文件为pm.java
(源文件路径:android\frameworks\base\cmds\pm\src\com\android\commands\pm\pm.java)
其中\system\framework\pm.jar 包管理库
包管理脚本 \system\bin\pm 解析
showUsage就是使用方法
-
private static void showUsage() {
-
System.err.println("usage: pm [list|path|install|uninstall]");
-
System.err.println(" pm list packages [-f]");
-
System.err.println(" pm list permission-groups");
-
System.err.println(" pm list permissions [-g] [-f] [-d] [-u] [GROUP]");
-
System.err.println(" pm list instrumentation [-f] [TARGET-PACKAGE]");
-
System.err.println(" pm list features");
-
System.err.println(" pm path PACKAGE");
-
System.err.println(" pm install [-l] [-r] [-t] [-i INSTALLER_PACKAGE_NAME] [-s] [-f] PATH");
-
System.err.println(" pm uninstall [-k] PACKAGE");
-
System.err.println(" pm enable PACKAGE_OR_COMPONENT");
-
System.err.println(" pm disable PACKAGE_OR_COMPONENT");
-
System.err.println(" pm setInstallLocation [0/auto] [1/internal] [2/external]");
-
**********************省略**************************
-
}
安装时候会调用 runInstall()方法
-
private void runInstall() {
-
int installFlags = 0;
-
String installerPackageName = null;
-
String opt;
-
while ((opt=nextOption()) != null) {
-
if (opt.equals("-l")) {
-
installFlags |= PackageManager.INSTALL_FORWARD_LOCK;
-
} else if (opt.equals("-r")) {
-
installFlags |= PackageManager.INSTALL_REPLACE_EXISTING;
-
} else if (opt.equals("-i")) {
-
installerPackageName = nextOptionData();
-
if (installerPackageName == null) {
-
System.err.println("Error: no value specified for -i");
-
showUsage();
-
return;
-
}
-
} else if (opt.equals("-t")) {
-
installFlags |= PackageManager.INSTALL_ALLOW_TEST;
-
} else if (opt.equals("-s")) {
-
// Override if -s option is specified.
-
installFlags |= PackageManager.INSTALL_EXTERNAL;
-
} else if (opt.equals("-f")) {
-
// Override if -s option is specified.
-
installFlags |= PackageManager.INSTALL_INTERNAL;
-
} else {
-
System.err.println("Error: Unknown option: " + opt);
-
showUsage();
-
return;
-
}
-
}
-
String apkFilePath = nextArg();
-
System.err.println("\tpkg: " + apkFilePath);
-
if (apkFilePath == null) {
-
System.err.println("Error: no package specified");
-
showUsage();
-
return;
-
}
-
PackageInstallObserver obs = new PackageInstallObserver();
-
try {
-
mPm.installPackage(Uri.fromFile(new File(apkFilePath)), obs, installFlags,
-
installerPackageName);
-
synchronized (obs) {
-
while (!obs.finished) {
-
try {
-
obs.wait();
-
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
-
}
-
}
-
if (obs.result == PackageManager.INSTALL_SUCCEEDED) {
-
System.out.println("Success");
-
} else {
-
System.err.println("Failure ["
-
+ installFailureToString(obs.result)
-
+ "]");
-
}
-
}
-
} catch (RemoteException e) {
-
System.err.println(e.toString());
-
System.err.println(PM_NOT_RUNNING_ERR);
-
}
-
}
其中的
PackageInstallObserver obs = new PackageInstallObserver();
mPm.installPackage(Uri.fromFile(new File(apkFilePath)), obs, installFlags, installerPackageName);
如果安装成功
obs.result == PackageManager.INSTALL_SUCCEEDED)
又因为有
IPackageManage mPm;
mPm = IpackageManager.Stub.asInterface(ServiceManager.getService("package"));
Stub是接口IPackageManage的静态抽象类,asInterface是返回IPackageManager代理的静态方法。
因为class PackageManagerService extends IPackageManager.Stub
所以mPm.installPackage 调用
/* Called when a downloaded package installation has been confirmed by the user */
public void installPackage(
final Uri packageURI, final IPackageInstallObserver observer, final int flags,final String installerPackageName)
这样就是从网络下载安装的入口了。
四,从SD卡安装
系统调用PackageInstallerActivity.java(/home/zhongda/androidSRC/vortex-8inch-for-hoperun/packages/apps/PackageInstaller/src/com/android/packageinstaller)
进入这个Activity会判断信息是否有错,然后调用
private void initiateInstall()判断是否曾经有过同名包的安装,或者包已经安装
通过后执行private void startInstallConfirm() 点击OK按钮后经过一系列的安装信息的判断Intent跳转到
-
public class InstallAppProgress extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener, OnCancelListener
-
public void onCreate(Bundle icicle) {
-
super.onCreate(icicle);
-
Intent intent = getIntent();
-
mAppInfo = intent.getParcelableExtra(PackageUtil.INTENT_ATTR_APPLICATION_INFO);
-
mPackageURI = intent.getData();
-
initView();
-
}
方法中调用了initView()方法
-
public void initView() {
-
requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
-
setContentView(R.layout.op_progress);
-
int installFlags = 0;
-
PackageManager pm = getPackageManager();
-
try {
-
PackageInfo pi = pm.getPackageInfo(mAppInfo.packageName,
-
PackageManager.GET_UNINSTALLED_PACKAGES);
-
if(pi != null) {
-
installFlags |= PackageManager.INSTALL_REPLACE_EXISTING;
-
}
-
} catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
-
}
-
if((installFlags & PackageManager.INSTALL_REPLACE_EXISTING )!= 0) {
-
Log.w(TAG, "Replacing package:" + mAppInfo.packageName);
-
}
-
PackageUtil.AppSnippet as = PackageUtil.getAppSnippet(this, mAppInfo,
-
mPackageURI);
-
mLabel = as.label;
-
PackageUtil.initSnippetForNewApp(this, as, R.id.app_snippet);
-
mStatusTextView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.center_text);
-
mStatusTextView.setText(R.string.installing);
-
mProgressBar = (ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.progress_bar);
-
mProgressBar.setIndeterminate(true);
-
// Hide button till progress is being displayed
-
mOkPanel = (View)findViewById(R.id.buttons_panel);
-
mDoneButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.done_button);
-
mLaunchButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.launch_button);
-
mOkPanel.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
-
String installerPackageName = getIntent().getStringExtra(
-
Intent.EXTRA_INSTALLER_PACKAGE_NAME);
-
PackageInstallObserver observer = new PackageInstallObserver();
-
pm.installPackage(mPackageURI, observer, installFlags, installerPackageName);
-
}
方法最后我们可以看到再次调用安装接口installPackage()完成安装。
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