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新东方家庭教育微评 家中藏书500本，到底能给你家孩子带来多大的教育优势？ 英文原文刊载于http://www. 图表编译/新东方家庭教育中心 Will your child finish college? The answer may be as close as your bookshelves, or lack thereof. 你的孩子能否念完大学？答案可能近在你的书架前——又抑或没有书架。 In an era of electronic entertainment, the term “home library” increasingly has the word “video” in the middle. But before parents start giving away books to clear shelf space for DVDs, they’ll want to consider the results of a comprehensive new study. 在当今这个电子娱乐的时代，“家庭书架”越来越多地被“家庭影视架”所取代。但在家长们开始把书下架给DVD留出空间之前，他们不妨考虑下一项全新研究的结果。 After examining statistics from 27 nations, a group of researchers found the presence of book-lined shelves in the home — and the intellectual environment those volumes reflect — gives children an enormous advantage in school. 在验证了27个国家的统计数据后，一个研究团体发现家中有书架——以及藏书所映衬出来的知识氛围的话，会给孩子的学业带来巨大的优势。 “Home library size has a very substantial effect on educational attainment, even adjusting for parents’ education, father’s occupational status and other family background characteristics,” reports the study, recently published in the journal Research in Social Stratification and Mobility. “Growing up in a home with 500 books would propel a child 3.2 years further in education, on average, than would growing up in a similar home with few or no books. “家庭书架的规模对于受教育程度有着非常可观的效应，即使排除父母受教育程度、父亲职业状况以及其他家庭背景条件的影响”，这份近期发表在《社会分化和流动研究》杂志上的研究如是写道，“成长在有藏书500本的家庭里，会使一个孩子比起成长在没有藏书的类似家庭里平均多受3.2年的教育。” “This is a large effect, both absolutely and in comparison with other influences on education,” adds the research team, led by University of Nevada sociologist M.D.R. Evans. “A child from a family rich in books is 19 percentage points more likely to complete university than a comparable child growing up without a home library.” “这是一个大效应，不管是绝对意义上还是相对于其他影响教育因素的意义上”，内华达大学社会学家M.D.R.埃文斯领衔的研究团队补充说明道，“来自藏书丰富家庭的孩子，完成大学学业的可能性要比家中无藏书的孩子多出19个百分点。” This effect holds true regardless of a nation’s wealth, culture or political system, but its intensity varies from country to country. In China, a child whose parents own 500 books will average 6.6 more years of education than a comparable child from a bookless home. In the U.S., the figure is 2.4 years — which is still highly significant when you consider it’s the difference between two years of college and a full four-year degree. 这种效应不论国家的财富、文化和政治体制如何都是成立的，但效应的强度则因国而异。在中国，父母有藏书500本的孩子比起家中没有藏书的孩子平均多受 6.6年的教育。而在美国，这个数字是2.4年——但依然是非常显眼，这相当于两年制大学和完整的四年制大学学位的差别。 （横轴数据为家中藏书量，竖轴为孩子的受教育年限；图表摘自M.D.R.埃文斯研究报告） The researchers used data from the World Inequality Study, which pooled information from a series of representative national samples. In most nations, survey participants (a total of more than 73,000 people) were asked to estimate the number of books in their parents’ home when they were 14 years old. The scholars compared that figure with other factors influencing educational achievement, including the education levels of one’s parents. 研究人员采用了《世界不平等研究》的数据，采样自一系列具有代表性的国家。在大多数国家里，调查受访者（共超过73000人）被要求估计他们14岁时父母家中的藏书量。学者们将这一数据同影响教育成就的其他因素，包括父母的受教育程度等进行比较。 “Regardless of how many books the family already has, each addition to a home library helps the children get a little farther in school,” they report. “But the gains are not equally great across the entire range. Having books in the home has a greater impact on children from the least-educated families. It is at the bottom, where books are rare, that each additional book matters most.” “不管家庭已经有多少藏书，家里书架上每增添一本都有助于孩子的学业前进一步”，他们写道，“但就整个（研究）范围而言收益并不是一样大。对于出身受教育最少家庭的孩子来说，家中藏书的效应更大。对于处在底层的家庭而言，藏书的数量甚少，以至于每添置一本都显得至关重要。” （通过这个三维立体数据图，我们可以发现父母教育水平、家中藏书、孩子受教育水平三者之间的关系，当家中藏书量达到500左右时，父母的教育水平即使相差很大，孩子的受教育水平差异也不大，从中可见家庭藏书的重要性；图表摘自M.D.R.埃文斯研究报告） Evans and her colleagues contend the number of books at home is an excellent reflection of a family’s “scholarly culture,” which they describe as a “way of life in homes where books are numerous, esteemed, read and enjoyed.” An early immersion in such a culture “provides skills and competencies that are useful in school,” and/or engenders “a preference for and enjoyment of books and reading that makes schooling congenial, or enjoyable,” they conclude. 埃文斯和她的同事主张家中藏书数量是一个家庭“学术修养”的集中体现，他们把这描述为“有着丰富藏书，并且尊书、读书和享受读书的一种家庭生活方式”。早年浸染于这样的氛围中“能培养出对上学有用的技巧和能力”，而或培养出“对书籍和阅读的喜好和享受，这使上学变得合意或有趣”，他们如是总结道。 So mom and dad don’t have to be scholars themselves; they just have to read and respect books, and pass that love of reading down to their children. Anna Quindlen was clearly onto something when she wrote: “I would be the most content if my children grew up to be the kind of people who think decorating consists mostly of building enough bookshelves.” 所以父母本人不必是学者；他们只需读书、尊书，并把这种阅读的情感传给他们的孩子。安娜·奎德伦在写下这些文字时显然发现了一些东西：“我将最满意于我的孩子成长为这样一种人——他们认为装修最主要的就是要修足够用的书架。” 喜欢本篇文章，请随手点赞，欢迎分享到朋友圈
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