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孔浩Spring mvc 笔记

 艾科图书室 2015-11-05

Spring mvc 配置：

Web.xml: 

<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-appxmlns:xsi="http://www./2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns="http://java./xml/ns/javaee"xmlns:web="http://java./xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java./xml/ns/javaeehttp://java./xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
         <servlet>
           <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
           <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
           <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
         </servlet>
         <servlet-mapping>
           <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
           <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
         </servlet-mapping>
        
         <filter>
           <filter-name>CharacterFilter</filter-name>
           <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
           <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
           </init-param>
         </filter>
         <filter-mapping>
           <filter-name>CharacterFilter</filter-name>
           <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
         </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

Hello-servlet.xml

(名称必须与web.xm文件中的servlet-name相同，放到web-inf下)   

<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www./schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www./2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns:context="http://www./schema/context"
  xmlns:mvc="http://www./schema/mvc"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www./schema/mvchttp://www./schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd
  http://www./schema/beanshttp://www./schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
  http://www./schema/contexthttp://www./schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">
        
  <context:component-scanbase-package="zttc.itat.controller"/>
  <mvc:annotation-driven/>
  <!--将静态文件指定到某个特殊的文件夹中统一处理 -->
  <mvc:resourceslocation="/resources/" mapping="/resources/**"/>
  <beanname="/welcome.html"class="zttc.itat.controller.WelcomeController"></bean>
        
  <beanclass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
     <propertyname="viewClass"value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
     <propertyname="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
     <propertyname="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
  </bean>
        
  <!--设置multipartResolver才能完成文件上传 -->
  <beanid="multipartResolver"class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
     <propertyname="maxUploadSize" value="5000000"></property>
  </bean>
        
  <beanid="exceptionResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
     <propertyname="exceptionMappings">
       <props>
         <propkey="zttc.itat.model.UserException">error</prop>
       </props>
     </property>
  </bean>
</beans>

UserController .java 

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
  private Map<String, User> users = new HashMap<String, User>();
  public UserController() {
    users.put("sdy",new User("sdy","123","宋冬野","sdy@qq.com"));
    users.put("ldh",new User("ldh","123","刘德华","ldh@qq.com"));
    users.put("gfc",new User("gfc","123","郭富城","gfc@qq.com"));
    users.put("lm",new User("lm","123","黎明","lm@qq.com"));
    users.put("zxy",new User("zxy","123","张学友","zxy@qq.com"));
  }
  //列表页面
  @RequestMapping(value = "/users",method = RequestMethod.GET)
  public String list(Model model){
    model.addAttribute("users", users);
    return "user/list";
  }
  //添加用户页面
  @RequestMapping(value = "/add",method = RequestMethod.GET)
  public String add(Model model){
    //开启ModelDriven
    model.addAttribute(new User());
    return "user/add";
  }
  //添加用户
  @RequestMapping(value = "/add",method = RequestMethod.POST)
  public String add(@Validated User user,BindingResult br, @RequestParam("attachs")MultipartFile[] attachs, HttpServletRequest req) throws IOException {
    if(br.hasErrors()){
      //如果有错误直接调整到add视图
      return "user/add";
    }
    //System.out.println(attach.getName() + "," + attach.getOriginalFilename() + "," + attach.getContentType());
    String realPath = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/resources/upload");
    System.out.println(realPath);
    for(MultipartFile attach : attachs){
      if(attach.isEmpty()) continue;
      File f = new File(realPath + "/" + attach.getOriginalFilename());
      FileUtils.copyInputStreamToFile(attach.getInputStream(), f);
    }
    users.put(user.getUsername(), user);
    return "redirect:users";
  }

  @RequestMapping(value = "/{username}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
  public String show(@PathVariable String username, Model model){
    model.addAttribute(users.get(username));
    return "user/show";
  }

//	@RequestMapping(value = "/{username}",method = RequestMethod.GET,params = "json")
//	@ResponseBody
//	public User show(@PathVariable String username){
//		return users.get(username);
//
//	}

  @RequestMapping(value="/{username}",method=RequestMethod.GET,params="json")
  @ResponseBody
  public User show(@PathVariable String username) {
    return users.get(username);
  }
  @RequestMapping(value = "/{username}/update",method = RequestMethod.GET)
  public String update(@PathVariable String username, Model model){
    model.addAttribute(users.get(username));
    return "user/update";
  }

  @RequestMapping(value = "/{username}/update",method = RequestMethod.POST)
  public String update(@PathVariable String username, User user, BindingResult br){
    if(br.hasErrors()){
      //如果有错误直接调整到add视图
      return "user/update";
    }
    users.put(username, user);
    return "redirect:/user/users";
  }

  @RequestMapping(value = "/{username}/delete",method = RequestMethod.GET)
  public String delete(@PathVariable String username){
    users.remove(username);
    return "redirect:/user/users";
  }

  @RequestMapping(value = "/login",method = RequestMethod.POST)
  public String login(String username, String password, HttpSession session){
    if(!users.containsKey(username)){
      throw new UserException("用户名不存在！");
    }
    User user = users.get(username);
    if(!user.getPassword().equals(password)){
      throw new UserException("密码错误！");
    }
    session.setAttribute("user", user);
    return "redirect:/user/users";
  }

/*	@ExceptionHandler(value ={UserException.class})
  public String handlerException(UserException e, HttpServletRequest req){
    req.setAttribute("e", e);
    return "error";
  }*/
}

Rest风格  

/user_show?id=120
/user/120 
/user_delete?id=123
/user/123/delete 
/user_updateInput?id=123
/user/123/update
 /user_list
/users
/user/users 
REST的风格不等于使用了REST技术
GET，POST，PUT，DELETE
 topic/23/delete

使用hibernate+spring+springmvc完整的实现一个用户管理系统

dao-->service-->controller

增加分页，增加sitemesh  

/**
 * 局部异常处理,仅仅只能处理这个控制器中的异常
 */
@ExceptionHandler(value={UserException.class})
public StringhandlerException(UserException e,HttpServletRequest req) {
  req.setAttribute("e",e);
  return"error";
} 
全局异常处理 
<bean id="exceptionResolver"class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
  <propertyname="exceptionMappings">
     <props>
       <propkey="zttc.itat.model.UserException">error</prop>
     </props>
  </property>
</bean>
<!-- 将静态文件指定到某个特殊的文件夹中统一处理-->
<mvc:resourceslocation="/resources/" mapping="/resources/**"/>

Spring mvc 文文件上传

1,UserController.java  

//在具体添加用户时，是post请求，就访问以下代码
@RequestMapping(value="/add",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public String add(@Validated Useruser,BindingResult br,@RequestParam("attachs")MultipartFile[]attachs,HttpServletRequest req) throws IOException {//一定要紧跟Validate之后写验证结果类
         if(br.hasErrors()){
           //如果有错误直接跳转到add视图
           return"user/add";
         }
         Stringrealpath =req.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/resources/upload");
         System.out.println(realpath);
         for(MultipartFileattach:attachs) {
           if(attach.isEmpty())continue;
           Filef = new File(realpath+"/"+attach.getOriginalFilename());
           FileUtils.copyInputStreamToFile(attach.getInputStream(),f);
         }
         users.put(user.getUsername(),user);
         return"redirect:/user/users";
}

2,Hello-servlet.xml 

<!-- 设置multipartResolver才能完成文件上传-->
<bean id="multipartResolver"class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
         <propertyname="maxUploadSize" value="5000000"></property>
</bean>

3,jsp  

<!-- 此时没有写action,直接提交会提交给/add-->
<sf:form method="post"modelAttribute="user" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  Username:<sf:inputpath="username"/><sf:errorspath="username"/><br/>
  Password:<sf:passwordpath="password"/><sf:errorspath="password"/><br/>
  Nickname:<sf:inputpath="nickname"/><br/>
  Email:<sf:inputpath="email"/><sf:errors path="email"/><br/>
  Attach:<inputtype="file" name="attachs"/><br/>	<input type="file"name="attachs"/><br/>    <inputtype="file" name="attachs"/><br/>
  <inputtype="submit" value="添加用户"/>
</sf:form>

Sitemesh:

步骤：

1，  定义相应的模板文件（main.jsp）

2，  编写装饰器文件，说明哪些页面要引入模板

decorators.xml: 

<?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<decoratorsdefaultdir="/WEB-INF/decorators">
  <!-- Any urls that are excluded willnever be decorated by Sitemesh -->
  <excludes>
     <pattern>/exclude.jsp</pattern>
     <pattern>/exclude/*</pattern>
  </excludes> 
  <decorator name="main"page="main.jsp">
    <pattern>/*</pattern>
  </decorator>
</decorators>

3，  在web.xml中开启sitemesh的过滤器 

<filter>
  <filter-name>sitemesh</filter-name>
  <filter-class>com.opensymphony.sitemesh.webapp.SiteMeshFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
  <filter-name>sitemesh</filter-name>
  <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

Spring mvc总结：

1,在xml中配置DispatcherServlet

2,在web-inf下配置：xxx-servlet.xml

3,异常处理分局部异常处理(handlerException方法)，和全局异常处理（配置xxx-servlet：SimpleMappingExceptionResolver）  

异常处理(handlerException方法示例： 
/**
 * 局部异常处理,仅仅只能处理这个控制器中的异常
 */
@ExceptionHandler(value={UserException.class})
public StringhandlerException(UserException e,HttpServletRequest req) {
  req.setAttribute("e",e);
  return"error";
}
 
全局异常处理示例：
<bean id="exceptionResolver"class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
  <propertyname="exceptionMappings">
     <props>
       <propkey="zttc.itat.model.UserException">error</prop>
     </props>
  </property>
</bean>

 4,页面传值到Controller可以用方法的参数直接接收，或者用@PathVariable接收： 

@RequestMapping(value = "/{id}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public Stringshow(@PathVariable int id, Model model){}

5,从Controller传值到页面可以从方法参数注入session,request,或者用Model,ModelMap

6,上传文件可以直接在方法参数中加： 

@RequestParam("attach")MultipartFile    //上传一个文件，file input的名称为attach
@RequestParam("attachs")MultipartFile[]  //上传一组文件，file input的名称都为attachs

Spring mvc上传文件示例：   

@RequestMapping(value="/add",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public String add(@Validated Useruser,BindingResult br,@RequestParam("attachs")MultipartFile[]attachs,HttpServletRequest req) throws IOException {//一定要紧跟Validate之后写验证结果类
         if(br.hasErrors()){
           //如果有错误直接跳转到add视图
           return"user/add";
         }
         Stringrealpath =req.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/resources/upload");
         System.out.println(realpath);
         for(MultipartFileattach:attachs) {
           if(attach.isEmpty())continue;
           Filef = new File(realpath+"/"+attach.getOriginalFilename());
           FileUtils.copyInputStreamToFile(attach.getInputStream(),f);
         }
         users.put(user.getUsername(),user);
         return"redirect:/user/users";
}

7,spring mvc方法返回json对象示例：

导入json包：jackson-all-1.9.4.jar

@RequestMapping(value="/{username}",method=RequestMethod.GET,params="json")
@ResponseBody
public User show(@PathVariable Stringusername) {
         returnusers.get(username);
}

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