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hair n.[C, U]头发，毛：Who is that girl with yellow hair? 黄头发的女孩是谁? / Go and do your hair. 去梳头去。/ His hair needed cutting. 他的头发该理了。/ He had a few gray hairs. 他有几根灰白色的头发。/ I found a hair in the soup. 我发现汤里有一根头发。 【考点】表示“头发”的总称，是集合名词(不可数)；表示一根根的头发，是可数名词。比较：He has grey hair. 他满头白发。/ He has grey hairs. 他有些白发了。 half adj.半，一半，半个：You’ve taken the bigger half of the cake! 你倒捡了那大半块蛋糕。/ Half the boys are already here. 男孩们有一半来了。n.[C,U]半，一半，半个：two pounds and a half 两磅半 / Half of ten is five. 10的一半是5。/ Cut the cake in half[into halves]. 把蛋糕切成两半。 【考点】在“half of＋名词或代词”结构后动词的数与该结构中名词或代词的数保持一致(half of后接名词时of可省略，接代词时of不能省略)：Half (of) the apples are bad. 一半苹果是坏的。/ Half (of) the apple is bad. 半边苹果是坏的。/ Half of them are teachers. 他们当中有一半是教师。 halfway adj.中途的：Have you passed the halfway point yet? 你们已经通过中点了吗？adv.在中途，半路上：The car broke down halfway to the camp. 车子在去营地的半路上抛锚了。 hall n. 1.[C]大厅，过道：Leave your coat in the hall. 把你的大衣放在门厅里。2.[C]会堂，礼堂：the Great hall of the People 人民大会堂 / dance halls 舞厅 / We did our exams in the school hall. 我们考试是在学校大礼堂举行的。 hamburger n.[C]汉堡包：A hamburger and chips, please. 请来个汉堡包和炸土豆条儿。/ They like hamburgers. 他们喜欢汉堡包。/ The favorite food in the United States is the hamburger. 在美国最受欢迎的食物是汉堡包。 hand n. 1.[C]手：What's in your hand? 你手里拿的是什么? / We work with our hands. 我们用手工作。/ He shook hands with all of us. 他和我们一一握手。/ Hands off! 请勿手摸! 2.[C]指针：The hands of the clock pointed to half past one. 钟的指针指向一点半。3.[C]人手，工人：The factory is short of hands.这工厂缺乏工人。4.[C]援手：Give me a hand with this, please. 请帮我拿一下这个东西。vt. 1.递给：Hand me that book, please. 请把那本书递给我。/ She handed it to the boy. 她把它交给了那男孩。2.交付，交上：I handed the money to the shop assistant. 我把钱交给商店的服务员。/ Hand in your exercise-books. 把练习本交上来。 【短语】1. by hand 用手工：The letter was written by hand. 这封信是用手写的(即不是打印的)。2. give[lend] sb a hand 帮某人一把：It's really heavy — can you give[lend] me a hand? 这东西确实很重，能帮一下忙吗? 3. hands up 举手，举起手来：Hands up, those who know the answer. 知道答案的请举手。4. hand in 交来，交上去：Hand in your examination papers now, please. 现在请把考卷交上来。5. shake hands (with sb) (同某人)握手：He shook hands warmly with me. 他同我热情握手。 hang v. 1.绞死，上吊：He was hanged for murder. 他因谋杀罪而被绞死。/ He hanged himself. 他上吊自杀了。2.悬挂，吊着：A lamp hung from the ceiling. 天花板上吊着一盏灯。/ The picture was hanging on the wall. 图画挂在墙上。 【短语】hang on 稍等，别挂断：Hang on a minute－I’m nearly ready. 稍等片刻——我这就完。 【考点】表示“绞死”或“上吊”时，为规则动词，其过去式和过去分词为hanged；表示“悬挂”或“吊着”时，为不规则动词，其过去式和过去分词为hung。 happen vi. 1.(偶然)发生 ：An accident happened to him. 他出了事。/ No one knows what will happen in the future. 谁也不知道将来会发生什么事。2.碰巧：I happened to see him yesterday. 我昨天碰巧碰到他。 【考点】1.是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态，因此不可说When was the accident happened? 可改为When did the accident happen? 事故什么时候发生的? 2.表示“碰巧”时，注意以下同义句型：I happened to have no money with me. =It happened that I had no money with me. 碰巧我没带钱。 happily adv. 1.幸福地，快乐地：She laughed happily. 她高兴地笑了。2.幸运地，幸亏：Happily, the accident was prevented. 很幸运，这个事故被阻止了。 【用法】表示“幸亏”时，通常位于句首，比较：Happily he didn't die. 幸亏他没死。/ He didn't die happily. 他死得很惨。 happy adj. 高兴的，快乐的，幸福的：She is a happy girl. 她是个快乐的小姑娘。/ Ann seems happy. 安似乎很快乐。/ Though we are poor, we’re still happy. 虽然我们穷，我们仍然很快乐。/ I wish you a happy New Year. 祝您新年快乐。/ I shall be happy to help you. 我乐意帮助你。(http://sanfecathy.blog.163.com/) hard adv. 1.努力地：He works very hard. 他工作非常努力。/ Think harder. 你仔细想想。2.用力地：Push hard. 用力推。/ Don't shut the door so hard. 别那么用力关门。3.猛烈地：It is raining hard and hard. 雨下得越来越大。adj. 1.困难的：The book is hard. 这本书很难。/ It is very hard to explain. 这很难说明。2.用力的：Give it a hard push, then it will move. 用力推它，它就会移动。3.坚硬的：This ground is too hard to dig. 这块地硬得挖不动。 hardly adv. 几乎不：We hardly had time to eat breakfast. 我们几乎没有时间吃早餐。/ I gain hardly anything. 我几乎没有得到什么。/ I can hardly believe that. 那我简直不能相信。 【考点】1.不要将hardly误认为是hard的副词形式(其实 hard可用作形容词也可用作副词)，如“他工作努力”不能译为He works hardly，应译为He works hard。2.含有否定意义，通常不宜再与否定词连用，后跟反意疑问句时，要用肯定式：It's hardly possible, is it? 那几乎是不可能的，是吗？ hardworking adj. 努力工作的：He's a hard-working man. 他是个勤勉的人。/ They're all hard-working. 他们都很卖力。 harm n.[U]伤害，损伤：There is no harm in trying. 试一试没有害处。/ That will do you no harm. 这不会给你造成损害。/ Smoking does harm to your health. 吸烟对你的身体有害。v.伤害，损害：There was a fire in our street, but our house wasn’t harmed at all. 我们这条街上发生了火灾，但我家的房子丝毫没有受到损害。 harmful adj. 有害的，致伤的：Strong sunlight can be harmful to young babies. 强烈的阳光对幼儿有害处。/ Smoking is harmful to your health. 吸烟有害健康。 harvest n. 1.[C,U]收割，收获(物)：The weather changed at (the) harvest. 收获时节天气变坏。2.[C]收成：This year’s wheat harvest was poor. 今年小麦收成不好。v.收割，收获：The farmers are out harvesting (the corn). 农民们在地里收割(作物)。/ When does the farmer harvest his wheat? 这个农民什么时候收割小麦？ hat n.[C]帽子，礼帽：put on (take off) one’s hat 戴(脱)帽 / He is wearing a hat. 他戴着帽子。 hate v.讨厌，憎恨，不愿：We hate such people. 我们讨厌这样的人。/ I hated her to call me that. 我不愿意她这样称呼我。/ He hates people asking for money. 他讨厌人向他要钱。 【考点】1.其后可接不定式或动名词，含义大致相同：I hate troubling[to trouble] him. 我不想去麻烦他。有时不定式或动名词可以带逻辑主语：I hate women smoking[to smoke]. 我不喜欢女人抽烟。2. would hate后只接不定式，不接动名词：I'd hate to spend Christmas alone. 我不喜欢一个人过圣诞节。 have v. aux. (构成完成时态)：I have read the book. 我读过这本书。/ He has lived here since 1990. 1990年以来他一直住在这里。v. 1.有，拥有，具有：I have a lot of friends.我有许多朋友。/ She has got a good memory. 她记性很好。/ How much money do you have? 你有多少钱？2.吃，喝，吸(烟)：We usually have supper at six. 我们通常六点吃晚饭。/ Would you like to have a cup of tea? 要来杯茶吗? 3.进行，从事：May I have the first dance (with you)? 我可以请你跳第一个舞吗？/ She usually has a bath in the morning. 她早上通常要洗个澡。4.接受，体验，遭受：She had a good education. 她受过良好教育。/ I had my watch stolen last night. 昨晚我的手表被偷了。/ Had you any trouble with it? 这件事你碰到什么麻烦吗？5.让，使：I had my hair cut. 我理了发。/ I had them all laughing at my jokes.我的笑话使他们捧腹大笑。 【短语】have (got) to 不得不，必须：We don’t have to[haven’t got to] get up early tomorrow. 我们明天不必早起。/ Do we have to pay for this now? 我们必须现在付款。 【考点】1.表示“拥有”、“患病”、“必须”时，不用于进行时态或被动语态；变为否定句或疑问句时，用不用助动词do均可：He hasn't a car. / He doesn't have a car. 他没有小汽车。2.表示“使”、“让”时，其后用作宾语补足语的不定式不带to：I'll have her post the letter. 我要叫她去寄信。3.用于“have+宾语+不定式”，表示“有…要做”，其中的不定式通常要用主动形式表示被动意义：I have a lot of work to do. 我有许多工作要做。/ She has plenty of clothes to wear. 她有足够的衣服穿。4.用于“have+宾语+现在分词”，表示“使…一直处于做某事的状态当中”：He had the light burning all night. 他让灯亮了一整夜。5. 用于“have+宾语+过去分词”，可以表示“请别人做某事”、“经历或遭遇某事”等：We had the machine repaired. 我们请人修理了机器。/ I had my watch stolen yesterday. 我的表昨天被人偷去了。 he pron. 他：He is my friend. 他是我的朋友。/ He likes French. 他喜欢法语。/ He and I are both interested in watching TV. 他和我两人都喜欢看电视。 【考点】he是主格，用作主语；它相应的宾格是him(用作宾语)：We like him. 我们喜欢他。 head n. 1.[C]头：He has a small head. 他的头很小。/ My head aches. 我头疼。/ He hit his head on the wall. 他把头撞到了墙上。2.[C]人头：The meal cost ＄20 a head. 这顿饭每人20美元。3.[C]头脑，脑筋：Use your head! 你动动脑筋！/ He has a clear head. 他头脑清晰。 headache n.[C,U]头疼：I’ve got a headache. 我头痛。/ He had a bad headache that evening. 那天晚上他头疼得厉害。/ I always get headaches after reading. 我看书后总是头痛。 headmaster n.[C](英)中小学校长 headmistress n.[C]女校长 headteacher n.[C]中小学班主任 health n.[U]健康，健康状况：He is in good (poor) health. 他身体健康(不好)。/ Health is better than wealth. 健康胜过财富。 【考点】1.是不可数名词，所以不连用不定冠词，也不用复数。2.汉语说“他身体健康”，英语只说He is in good health，不能直译为His body is health。 healthy adj.健康的，健壮的：Those boys look very healthy. 那些男孩看上去很壮实。/ My grandma is very healthy. 我奶奶身体很好。/ Good food keeps you healthy. 好的饮食使你健康。 hear v. 1.听见(声音)：I heard a loud noise. 我听见一声巨响。/ I'm glad to hear the news. 听到这消息我很高兴。/ She doesn’t[can’t] hear very well. 她听觉不灵。/ I heard him calling from below. 我听见他从下面叫我。2.得知：I hear (that) she has gone to the south. 我听说她到南方去了。/ I heard that he was ill. 我听说他病了。 【短语】hear from 收到…来信：I hear from her now and then. 我常常收到她的来信。 【辨析】1. hear 与 listen to：hear通常用作及物动词，表示“听见”，多指无意识的动作；listen是不及物动词(其后常接介词 to)，表示有意识地“听”或“注意听”(但不一定能听见)：He listened but heard nothing. 他注意听，但什么也没听见。/ I hear a sound, listen! 我听见有个声音，你听！2. hear, hear of, hear about。三者的区别可大致描述为：hear sb=听到某人(讲话)，hear of sb=听说过某人，hear about sb=听到关于某人的事或情况。 【考点】后接不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式不能带to：I heard him say that. 我听见他这样说。若为被动语态，则不定式要带to：She was heard to say that. 有人听见他这样说。 heart n. 1.[C]心，心脏，心肠：My heart beats fast (slow). 我的心跳得快(慢)。/ She has a kind heart. 她心地善良。/ What a good heart you have! 你的心肠真好! 【短语】1. by heart 默记，记下：The teacher told us to learn[get] this poem by heart. 老师要我们记下这首诗。2. heart and soul 全心全意地，完全地：We must serve the people heart and soul. 我们必须全心全意地为人民服务。 【辨析】 lose heart与lose one's heart：前者表示“灰心”，后者表示“爱上”：Don't lose heart. 不要灰心。/ She lost her heart to her teacher. 她爱上了自己的老师。 heavily ad. 1.重地，沉重地：He struck me heavily. 他给我重重地一击。/ He fell heavily and broke his leg. 他重重地摔了一跤，把脚摔断了。2.大量地，十分地：It was raining heavily. 雨下得很大。 heavy adj. 1.重的：The bag is too heavy for me. 这个袋子对我来说太重了。2.大的，大量的：A heavy snow was falling. 下着一场大雪。/ He is a heavy smoker. 他烟抽得很多。/ The traffic was very heavy this morning. 今天上午非常拥挤。 【考点】与old, long, wide, high, tall 等形容词不同，heavy一般不用于表度量的名词之后，如可说He is 45 years old (他45岁)，但不能说The box is 10 kilos heavy (这个箱子重10公斤)，应去掉其中的heavy。 height n.[C, U]高，高度：He is six feet in height. 他身高6英尺。/ The tree grew to a height of ten meters. 这树长有10米高。/ What is the height of the mountain? 这山有多高? / What's your height? 你有多高? hello int. 喂，你好：Hello, John! How are you? 嗨，约翰！你好吗？/ Hello! This is Mr. Brown speaking. 喂！我是布朗。/ Hello! Somebody’s left their hat behind. 哟！有人忘了拿帽子了。n.[C,U]表示问候的话语：Say hello to your mother. = Tell your mother “hello” for me. 代我问候你母亲。/ He gave me a cheerful hello. 他爽朗地对我打招呼。 help n. 1.[U]帮助，帮忙，援助：Thank you for all your kind help. 谢谢你各方面的热心帮助。/ Can I be of any help to you? 我能帮你些什么忙吗？/ I'm afraid I can't give you much help. 恐怕我不能给你多大帮助。2.[C]帮手：He was a great help to me when I was ill. 我生病的时候他可帮了大忙了。v. 1.帮助，帮忙：Help me (to) lift it. 请帮助我把它抬起来。/ I can't carry this box — will you help me please? 我拿不动这个箱子，请你帮我一下好吗？/ 2. 替…取…：Help yourself to some fruit. 吃点水果吧。/ He helps himself to some tea. 他自己动手弄点茶喝。/ May I help you to some meat? 请您再吃点肉好吗？ 【考点】1. cannot help doing sth与can't help to do sth：前者表示“忍不住或禁不住要做某事”，后者表示“不能帮助做某事”：It was so funny that I couldn’t help laughing. 太有意思了，我忍不住笑了起来。/ I was too busy and I couldn't help to do the work. 我太忙，不能帮忙做这工作。2.表示帮助某人做某事，可用help sb to do sth (其中的to常可省略)或用help sbwith sth：He helped us (to) do the work. / He helped us with the work. 他帮助我做这工作。3.表示“在…的帮助下”，用介词with(不能按汉语意思用under)：With the teacher's help, I worked out the problem at last. 在老师的帮助下，我终于算出了这道习题。 helpful adj. 有帮助的，有益的：The woman in the shop was very helpful. 商店里的那个女子非常热心。/ He’s always very helpful to his mother. 他一向都是母亲的得力帮手。 her pron.她，她的：Give her the book. 把书给她。/ I wrote to her yesterday. 我昨天写信给她了。/Her sister is a nurse. 她姐姐是护士。/ I know her father. 我认识她父亲。 【考点】1.表示“她”是宾格，用作宾语，其主格为she：I like her and she likes me. 我喜欢她，她也喜欢我。2.表示“她的”，是形容词性物主代词，用于名词前作定语；其相应的名词性物主代词是hers：This is not her bag. Hers is red. 这不是她的包，她的包是红色的。 here adv. 这里，在这里，向这里：Come here, please. 请过来。/ Your book is here. 你的书在这儿。/ We’ve always lived here. 我们一直在这住着。/ It’s two miles from here.那儿离此地两英里。/ Here comes the bus. Let’s get on. 车来了，咱们上去吧。/ Here it comes! 它来了！ 【短语】1. here and there 到处，处处：There were groups of people here and there along the beach. 海滩上到处是一群群的人。2. here you are 给你：This is your pen. Here you are. 这是你的钢笔，给你。 hers pron. 她的：Is that his or hers? 那是他的还是她的? / This book is hers. 这本书是她的。/ My father and hers are both doctors. 我的父亲和她的父亲都是医生。 【考点】hers是名词性物主代词，不能再修饰名词。参见her的有关用法。 herself pron. 1.她自己：She cut herself in the kitchen. 她在厨房中割伤了自己。2.她亲自：She herself opened the door. 她自己开的门。/ She told me the news herself. 这消息是她亲口告诉我的。 hey int. 嘿：Hey, come and look at this! 喂，来瞧瞧这个。/ Hey, where are you going? 嘿，你上哪儿去？ hi int. 喂：Hi, Toney! How are you? 喂，托尼！你好吗？ hide v.把…藏起来，隐藏： The moon was hidden by clouds. 月亮被乌云遮蔽了。/ Where did you hide the money? 你把钱藏哪儿了？/ A fox cannot hide its tail. 狐狸尾巴是藏不住的。/ She hid her feelings. 她掩饰了她的感情。/ I'll hide behind the door. 我会躲在门后。 high adj. 1.高的，高度的："How high is it?" "It’s ten feet high."“多高呀?”“十英尺高。”/ The plane is high in the sky. 那架飞机高高在天空中。/ Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world. 珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高峰。2.高级的：a high school 高级中学 / a high official 高级官员 adv.高：The plane flew high above the clouds. 飞机在云层上飞行。/ They climbed high up the tree. 他们爬树爬得很高。(http://sanfecathy.blog.163.com/) 【辨析】high与tall的区别，见tall。 hike v.远足，徒步旅行：I've hiked all over Beijing. 我徒步走遍了北京。/ We often go hiking at weekends. 我们周末常去远足。n.[C]远足，徒步旅行：It's a four-mile hike to the camp. 去营地要步行4英里。/ We decided to go on a hike for exercise. 我们决定去徒步旅行以锻炼身体。 hiking n.[U]徒步旅行：Hiking is good for health. 徒步旅行有益健康。 hill n.[C]小山，山坡：The house is on the side of a hill. 那所房子坐落在山坡。/ The river rises among the hills. 这条河发源于这片丘陵中。/ I pushed my bike up the hill. 我推着自行车上山坡。 him pron. 他：We all like him. 我们都喜欢他。/ Here is a letter for him. 这里有封信给他。/ I lent him the books. 我把那些书借给了他。/ I heard him sing. 我听见他在唱歌。 【考点】him是宾格，用作宾语，其相应的主格是he (用作主语)。 himself pron. 1.他自己：Tom’s old enough to look after himself. 汤姆的年纪不算小了，能够照顾自己了。/ He gave himself much trouble. 他自找苦吃。2.他亲自：He does the cooking himself. 他自己亲自做饭。 his pron. 1.他的：His father is ill. 他父亲病了。/ This is his book. 这是他的书。/ This book is his, not mine. 这本书是他的，不是我的。/ Is this dictionary his or hers? 这本词典是他的，还是她的? history n. 1.[U]历史，历史学：He is our history teacher. 他是我们的历史教师。/ He is interested in history. 他对历史感兴趣。/ It was an important moment in history. 那是历史上的重要时刻。/ History is an arts subject. 历史是一门人文学科。2.[C]一段历史：The English language has an interesting history. 英语有(一段)有趣的历史。/ China is a country with a long history. 中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。 【考点】1.以下说法通常不用冠词：ancient history 古代史 / modern history 近代史 / world history 世界史 / Chinese history 中国史，等。但是下列说法要用定冠词(注意其后有 of短语)：the history of China 中国史 / the history of the English language 英语的历史 hit v. 1.打，打击，击中：He hit me with his hand. 他用手打了我。/ He hit the ball with the bat. 他用球拍击球。/ He hit at me, but missed. 他打我，但没打中。/ He hit her on the nose. 他打了她的鼻子。2.撞，碰撞：His head hit against the wall. 他的头撞在墙上。/ The ship hit the rock and sank. 轮船触礁下沉。 hobby n.[C]业余爱好，嗜好：He has a good hobby. 他有良好的业余爱好。/ What are your hobbies? 你的嗜好是什么? / My hobby is collecting stamps. 我的爱好是集邮。 hold v. 1.拿，抱，握住：I held the baby in my arms. 我把婴儿抱在怀里。/ She was holding a book (in her hand). 她(手里)拿着一本书。/ She held her daughter's hand as they crossed the road. 过马路时她拉住女儿的手。2.举行，进行：The meeting will be held at five. 会议将在五点举行。/ We held a discussion. 我们开了一次讨论会。3.容纳：This room can hold 50 people. 这个房间可以容纳50人。4.持续，耐久：How long will this good weather hold? 这好天气将继续多久？n.[U]掌握，把握：Take[Get, Catch] hold of the rope, and we’ll pull you up. 抓住绳子，我们把你拉下来。 【短语】1. hold back 阻碍，阻止，忍住，控制：No difficulty can hold us back. 任何困难也阻止不了我们。/ Hearing the news she couldn't hold back her tears. 听到这消息她忍不住哭了。2. hold on 坚持，等一等，别挂断(电话)：I don't think I can hold on much longer. 我觉得自己坚持不了多长时间了。/ Hold on, I'll just get my coat. 等一等，我去把大衣拿来。/ Can you hold on? I'll just see if he's in. 请等一下，我去看他是不是在。3. hold up 举起，竖起：Hold up your head. 把头抬起来。 hole n.[C]洞，坑：Is that hole deep? 那个洞深吗? / There is a hole in the wall. 墙上有个洞。/ The men have a hole in the road. 这些人在路上挖了个洞。 holiday n. 1.[C]假日，节日：We have a holiday tomorrow. 我们明天放假。/ Christmas is a holiday. 圣诞节是一个节日。/ The third of the month was a holiday. 那月三号放假。2.[C]假期：The school holidays start next week. 下星期学校就开始放假了。/ I hope you enjoy your holiday. 希望你假期过得好。/ When do the winter holidays begin? 寒假什么时候开始? / He wanted three weeks’ holiday. 他要求三个星期的假期。 【用法】1.表示“假日”、“节日”，主要指像星期日、元旦、 国庆等这样的节假日；表示“假期”，有时作复数：We are going to Parisfor our summer holiday(s). 我们打算到巴黎去度暑假。2. on holiday与on holidays：前者指“度假”，holiday用单数；后者指“在公共假日里”，holidays用复数：I'll be on holiday next month. 我下个月全月休假。/ Travel is very heavy here on holidays. 假日这里的交通很拥挤。 home n.[U,C]家：Her home is far away. 她的家很远。/ He often dreamt of his home. 他常常梦到他的家。adv. 在家，到家，回家：He goes home every month. 他每月都回家。/ What time did you arrive home last night? 昨天晚上你几点钟回家的？/ I saw him on his way home. 我在他回家的路上遇见他。(http://sanfecathy.blog.163.com/) 【短语】at home 在家：I do my homework at home. 我在家做作业。 homeland n.[C]祖国：We love our homeland. 我们热爱我们的祖国。 hometown n.[C]家乡，故乡：My hometown is beautiful. 我的家乡很美丽。 homework n.[U]家庭作业：I do my homework in the evening. 我晚上做家庭作业。/ The children have too much homework to do. 孩子们家庭作业太多。/ Mother helped me (to) do my homework. 妈帮助我做作业。/ Jim and I did our homework together. 吉姆和我一道做作业。 honest adj. 1.诚实的，正直的：Is he honest? 他诚实吗? / He is known to be honest. 大家都知道他很老实。/ I don't think that you are honest. 我认为你不诚实。 Hong Kong n. 香港：Have you been to Hong Kong? 你去过香港吗? hooray int. 好哇，加油："Hooray!" shouted the girls. “加油!”女孩子们大声喊道。 hope n.[C,U]希望：This is our last hope. 这是我们最后的希望。/ He is the hope of his school. 他是学校的希望。/ Don't give up hope yet. 不要就此失去信心。/ He has hopes of winning. 他对胜利充满信心。v.希望：I hope she'll be well soon. 我希望她不久能痊愈。/ I hope you'll enjoy your stay here. 希望你在这儿过得愉快。/ We hope he is on time. 我们希望他能准时到。/ She hoped to find a job soon. 她希望不久能找到工作。/ Hope for the best, prepare for the worst. 作最好的打算，作最坏的准备。 【辨析】hope与wish的区别，见wish。 【考点】1.可接不定式作宾语，但不接不定式的复合结构，即可说hope to do sth，但不能说hope sb to do sth，如不说 I hope him to come in time，可改为I hope that he will come in time. 2.可用作及物动词，后接宾语从句，但不能接名词或代词作宾语，遇此情况可用hope for：We hope for better weather soon. 我们盼望天气很快变好。3.表示做某事的希望，用作名词的hope可接of doing sth，但不接不定式，如可说 I have no hope of going (我没有去的希望)，但不说I have no hope to go。 hopeful adj. 有希望的，有前途的：He’s quite a hopeful pupil. 他是一个大有希望的学生。/ I’m hopeful that he’ll arrive early. 我满怀希望他会早到。 horse n.[C]马：Can you ride a horse? 你会骑马吗？/ He rode a horse to the farm. 他骑马去了农场。/ My horse is lame — I can't ride him. 我的马瘸了，我不能骑马了。 hospital n.[C,U]医院：I’m going to the hospital to visit my brother. 我要去医院看望我的哥哥。/ I had to go to the hospital. 我得去医院。/ Her mother's seriously ill in hospital. 她母亲在医院里病得很重。 【用法】表示“住院”、“进医院”、“出院”等，在英国英语中不用冠词，而在美国英语中可用冠词：She is ill in (the) hospital. 她生病住在医院里。/ We must send her to (the) hospital at once. 我们必须马上送她去医院。 host n.[U,C]主人，东道主，节目主持人：a host country 东道国 / He acted as host to his father’s friends. 他当主人款待父母的朋友。/ Here is your host, Michael Parkinson. 这位就是节目主持人迈克尔·帕金森。 hot adj. 1.热的：The weather is too hot. 天气太热了。/ How hot is the water? 水有多热呢？/ Here is some hot tea for you. 请喝点热茶。/ It's too hot in the day and too cold at night. 白天太热晚上太冷。 hot dog n.[C]热狗：There is a hot dog shop around there. 这附近有一家卖热狗的商店。/ I want a hot dog. 我想要一节热狗。 【说明】hot dog是一种中间夹有熏红肠并配有芥菜、佐料等的面包。 hotel n.[C]旅馆，饭店，宾馆：I stayed at a hotel near the airport. 我住在飞机场附近的一家旅馆里。/ The meeting was held at[in] the hotel.会议在宾馆举行。/ This is a five-star hotel. 这是一家五星级宾馆。 【用法】 1.表示“住旅馆”，通常用 put up[stay] at (in) a hotel，但不能按汉语习惯说成 live at a hotel。2.包含hotel的专有名词前通常用定冠词：the Friendship Hotel 友谊宾馆 / the Peace Hotel 和平饭店。 hour n. 1.[C]小时：There are 60 minutes in an hour. 一小时有60分钟。/ The journey took 2 hours. 路上用了两小时。2.[C]一小时所行的路程：The city is two hours away. 该城离此两小时路程。3.[C]某一时刻：a breakfast hour 吃早饭的时间 / the closing hour 停止营业时间，截止时间 house n.[C]房子，住宅：He lives in a big[large] house. 他住在一座大房子里。/ There's a garden behind the house. 房子后面有个花园。/ How many rooms are there in your house? 你们家的小楼有几个房间？(http://sanfecathy.blog.163.com/) housework n.[U]家务劳动：He helps his parents to do some housework on Sunday. 星期天他在家帮父母做些家务活。/ Who does the housework? 谁来做家务活？ how adv. 1.怎样，如何，怎么：Ask him how he does it. 问问他是怎么做的。/ How is your mother? 你妈妈好吗？/ How could you be so careless? 你做事怎么这么不小心？2.多…：How often do you go there? 你多久去那里一次？/ Tell me how old is he. 告诉我他多大年纪。3.多么：How well he speaks! 他说得多好！/How kind of you to help. 有你的帮助真是太好了。/ How pleased he was to see us! 他见到我们多么高兴啊！ 【短语】1. how long 多久，多长时间："How long did he live here?" "Two years." “他在这儿住了多久?”“两年。” 2. how often 每隔多久："How often does he come here?" "Once a month." “他(每隔)多久来一次?”“每月一次。”3. how soon 再过多久："How soon will he be back?" "In an hour." “他要多久才回来?”“一个小时以后。” however ad. 可是：We have not yet won; however, we shall try again. 我们没有获胜，不过我们还要再试一下。/ It’s raining hard. However, I think we should go out. 雨下得很大，不过我认为我们应该出去。2.无论多么，无论如何：However cold it is, she always goes swimming. 不论天气多冷，她总去游泳。/ I will come however busy I am. 我不管多么忙都会来的。conj.不管怎样，无论以何种方式：You can travel however you like. 你可以随心所欲地去旅行。/ However you come, be sure to come early. 不管你怎么来,一定要早来。 【考点】1.用作副词，表示“可是”时，其前通常用句号或分词，其后通常用逗号。2.表示“无论多么”时，其词序通常是“however+形容词或副词+主语+谓语”。 hug vt.紧抱，搂抱：He hugged his daughter. 他紧紧拥抱他的女儿。n.[C]搂抱：He gave her a hug. 他紧紧拥抱她。 huge adj.巨大的，庞大的：They live in a huge house. 他们住着一所很大的房子。/ Canada is a huge country. 加拿大是一个幅员广大的国家。/ The TV play was a huge success. 这部电视剧取得了巨大的成功。 human adj. 人的，人类的：the human right(s) 人权 / the human nature 人的天性 / His cruelty suggests that he is less than human. 他的残忍表示他没有人性。2.有人性的，通人情的：He seems quite human when you know him. 如果你了解他,你就会觉得他是很有人情味的。n.[C]人(=human being) human being n.[C]人：Human beings have lived on earth for thousands of years. 人在地球上已经生存了千百万年。 hundred num.百：two hundred and five 205 / One hundred cents make a dollar. 100美分等于1美元。n.[C]一百：The old man lived to a hundred. 那位老人活到一百岁。/ There are hundreds (of people) who need new housing. 有许许多多人需要新的住房。 【考点】1.与具体数字连用，不用复数形式：Five hundred people live here. 这里住着500人。2.表示泛指数时，只用复数形式，且通常要有of短语：We have been there hundreds of times. 我们去过那儿几百次。/ Hundreds of people attended the meeting. 有几百人参加了会议。 hungry adj. (饥)饿的，渴望的：You ought to be hungry by now. 你现在该饿了吧。/ Let’s eat soon －I’m hungry! 咱们快吃饭吧——我饿了！ hurry v. 1.赶快，急忙：You'd better hurry. 你最好快点。/ You needn't hurry. There's plenty of time. 你不必着急。时间多着哩。2.催促，使加快：There is no need to hurry him. It’s still early. 不要催他，还早呢。n. 匆忙：Don’t drive so fast, there’s no hurry. 车别开得那么快，不用着急。/ What's the hurry? 干吗这么急? 【短语】1. hurry up 赶快，赶紧：Could you hurry up in the bath? 你可以洗得快一点吗？/ Hurry up，or we'll be late. 赶快，否则我们就迟到了。2. in a hurry 匆忙地：You always seem to be in a hurry. 你似乎总是很匆忙。/ Why are you in such a hurry? 你为什么那样匆忙? hurt v. 1.伤痛，疼：My leg hurts. 我的腿痛。/ My shoes are too tight; they hurt. 我的鞋太紧了，挤得脚痛。2.受伤：It won’t hurt to leave him alone. 让他独个留着也无妨。/ He hurt his back when he was working in the garden. 他在花园干活时把背扭伤了。3.伤害：You've hurt his feelings. 你伤害了他的感情。 husband n.[C]丈夫：She loves her husband. 她爱她的丈夫。/ What does her husband do? 她丈夫是干什么的? / He was a good husband to her. 他是她的好丈夫。
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