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一、my.cnf配置文件参数的更改
#skip-locking 在5.5里已经不识别了，改成 skip-external-locking
#log-long-format 在5.5里已经不识别了，改成 log-short-format
#log_slow_queries 在5.5里已经不识别了，改成 slow-query-log
#default-character-set = utf8 在5.5里已经不识别了，改成 character-set-server = utf8
#注释掉default_table_type = MyISAM 在5.5里已经不识别了
#注释掉myisam_max_extra_sort_file_size 在5.5里已经不识别了
#innodb_file_io_threads已经不识别了，改成
innodb_read_io_threads = 8
innodb_write_io_threads = 8
# 提高刷新脏页数量和合并插入数量，改善磁盘IO处理能力，根据自己的磁盘IOPS能力调整
innodb_io_capacity = 2000
# 把以前的built-in文件格式Antelope改为Barracuda
innodb_file_format = Barracuda
# 脏页的调整，从以前的25改为90，这个值可在70--90之间选取
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
# 事务日志redo log的调整，从以前的256M改为1024M
innodb_log_file_size = 1024
# 采用独立表空间
innodb_file_per_table = 1
重启MySQL服务生效：
[root@db_fb05 mysql-5.1.62]# service mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
[root@db_fb05 mysql-5.1.62]#
二、升级具体步骤
升级前有一个重要参数需要注意：innodb_fast_shutdown
升级前要关闭这个功能(为什么要关请参考手册)：
(root:opdba.com:Sat Dec 1 18:14:48 2012)[(none)]> show variables like '%fast%';
+----------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-------+
| innodb_fast_shutdown | 1 |
+----------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
(root:opdba.com:Sat Dec 1 18:35:20 2012)[(none)]> set global innodb_fast_shutdown=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
(root:opdba.com:Sat Dec 1 18:35:43 2012)[(none)]> show variables like '%fast%';
+----------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-------+
| innodb_fast_shutdown | 0 |
+----------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
1.停止当前MySQL服务
service mysqld stop
2.链接到新MySQL目录
cd /opt/webserver/
unlink mysql
ln -sv mysql-5.5.34-linux2.6-x86_64 mysql
3.启动服务
service mysqld start
4.执行更新程序升级
/opt/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_upgrade
Looking for 'mysql' as: /opt/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql
Looking for 'mysqlcheck' as: /opt/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqlcheck
Running 'mysqlcheck' with connection arguments: '--port=3306' '--socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock'
/opt/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqlcheck: Got error: 2002: Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/data/mysql/mysql.sock' (111) when trying to connect
FATAL ERROR: Upgrade failed
出现上面错误是由于当前MySQL服务器的root用户设置了密码，mysql_upgrade 加上-p参数批量root用户密码即可：
/opt/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_upgrade -padmin
Looking for 'mysql' as: /opt/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql
Looking for 'mysqlcheck' as: /opt/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqlcheck
Running 'mysqlcheck' with connection arguments: '--port=3306' '--socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock'
Running 'mysqlcheck' with connection arguments: '--port=3306' '--socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock'
mysql.columns_priv OK
mysql.db OK
mysql.event OK
mysql.func OK
mysql.general_log OK
mysql.help_category OK
mysql.help_keyword OK
mysql.help_relation OK
mysql.help_topic OK
mysql.host OK
mysql.ndb_binlog_index OK
mysql.plugin OK
mysql.proc OK
mysql.procs_priv OK
mysql.proxies_priv OK
mysql.servers OK
mysql.slow_log OK
mysql.tables_priv OK
mysql.time_zone OK
mysql.time_zone_leap_second OK
mysql.time_zone_name OK
mysql.time_zone_transition OK
mysql.time_zone_transition_type OK
mysql.user OK
Running 'mysql_fix_privilege_tables'...
OK
出现上面信息就说明升级OK！
查看下当前的版本：
[root@db_fb010 ~]# /opt/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql -V
Logging to file '/data/mysql/logs/query.log'
/opt/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.5.34, for linux2.6 (x86_64) using readline 5.1
mysql_upgrade命令实际执行了以下操作：
mysqlcheck --all-databases --check-upgrade --auto-repair
mysql < fix_priv_tables
mysqlcheck --all-databases --check-upgrade --fix-db-names --fix-table-names
5.存储过程问题修复
从5.1升级至5.5后，发现存储过程不能用的，创建存储过程和查看存储过程状态，会报如下错：
(root:opdba.com:Sat Dec 1 18:14:48 2012)[(none)]> show procedure status;
ERROR 1548 (HY000): Cannot load from mysql.proc. The table is probably corrupted
通过上述报错，立马查看两边表 proc 的状态发现：show create table proc\G------>
在5.1中mysql.proc表的comment字段是char(64)：
`sql_mode` set('REAL_AS_FLOAT','PIPES_AS_CONCAT','ANSI_QUOTES','IGNORE_SPACE','IGNORE_BAD_TABLE_OPTIONS','ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY','NO_UNSIGNED_SUBTRACTION','NO_DIR_IN_CREATE','POSTGRESQL','ORACLE','MSSQL','DB2','MAXDB','NO_KEY_OPTIONS','NO_TABLE_OPTIONS','NO_FIELD_OPTIONS','MYSQL323','MYSQL40','ANSI','NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO','NO_BACKSLASH_ESCAPES','STRICT_TRANS_TABLES','STRICT_ALL_TABLES','NO_ZERO_IN_DATE','NO_ZERO_DATE','INVALID_DATES','ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO','TRADITIONAL','NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER','HIGH_NOT_PRECEDENCE','NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION','PAD_CHAR_TO_FULL_LENGTH') NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`comment` char(64) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
但在5.5中应该是text：
`comment` text CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL,
于是把这个字段修改为text：
ALTER TABLE proc MODIFY COLUMN comment text CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL AFTER sql_mode;
再次运行OK...........
最后说明下测试环境：
[root@db_fb010 ~]# cat /etc/issue
CentOS release 6.3 (Final)
Kernel \r on an \m
[root@db_fb010 ~]# getconf LONG_BIT
64
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