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【据“最新防务”网站2016年1月19日报道】无人机已成为当今最棘手的防务问题之一。对五角大楼及执法、安保部门而言，相比空军所谓可携带导弹和炸弹的远程遥控飞机，更大的威胁来自上月圣诞老人送给孩子们的成千上万架无人机，比如可携带2.7K高清摄像机的大疆“幽灵”3标准四旋翼无人机，其在亚马逊上的售价仅为500美元左右。
大疆“幽灵”3标准四旋翼无人机在亚马逊上的售价仅为500美元左右
意大利芬梅卡尼卡集团赛莱斯电子系统公司（Selex ES）英国子公司电子战部门经理史蒂夫·威廉姆斯（Steve Williams）表示，这些飞机容易购买，操作简单，难以发现，可携带不同载荷，且数量正在以惊人的速度增加。
史蒂夫·威廉姆斯在2015年EXPO上介绍 “隼盾”（Falcon Shield）反无人机系统 时长2分36秒
ISIL据说已使用微型无人机来侦察自杀式炸弹的目标。酗酒者和示威者已经在各个地方如白宫草坪和日本首相官邸起降了迷你无人机。航空公司飞行员报告，在起飞和降落时已经数百次看见有无人机向他们的飞机接近。
 2015年1月26日，一架大疆无人机闯入美国白宫草坪
在即将于4月举行的美英联合演习中，塞莱斯公司计划将展示其“隼盾”（Falcon Shield）反无人机系统。根据设计，该系统不仅可发现、识别、跟踪、定位并击落敌对或可疑的微型无人机，还具备一种独特的能力，从对方手中夺得无人机控制权，使其转向并安全降落。在城市中，这比击落更好，因为击落可能对路人或财产造成伤害或破坏。“扣动扳机[将其击落]的后果可能会和恐怖分子图谋的结果一样糟糕。”
“隼盾”（Falcon Shield）反无人机系统动画展示 时长2分09秒
正如美军事专家在15年的“黑镖”演习中所确认的那样，反无人机“没有灵丹妙药”，无法使用单个方案来解决问题。它需要一个“系统之系统”的方法，以用户为中心对这些系统进行整合。
空客集团在早些时候也展示了其反无人机系统 芬梅卡尼卡整合了一个模块化和可扩展的系统，既可为诸如纽约时代广场提供全程VIP保护，也可保护机场或大型关键基础设施，如核电厂或前沿军事基地。
 芬梅卡尼卡“隼盾”整合了一个模块化和可扩展的系统 旋翼嗡嗡声的麦克风，以及能够监测无人机无线电信号并追踪其操作员的设备。该系统还将包含一个电子攻击元件，让“隼盾”操作员接管来犯的无人机，将其击毁或捕获。
 “隼盾”可接管来犯的无人机，将其击毁或捕获
威廉姆斯表示，在非常混乱的环境如城市，运用这种电子攻击能力反击无人机，就不会对警察、消防、救护等系统造成不利影响。“隼盾”已经具备了“发现、锁定、追踪及识别”的能力，并且已经投入使用。“我们正在进一步研发的，或者已经研发但正在为4月份演习整合的是电子侦察和电子攻击元件。”
感谢编译：中国国防科技信息中心 李勇 转载请注明出处：“电科防务研究”微信公众号（CETC-ETDR）
关于反无人机系统相关信息，可参见之前发布： 【Anti-UAV Defence System】AUDS：探测距离达8千米的反UAV系统
继续分享来自雷川兄的#每日一译# 
To live is the rarest thing in the world. Most people exist, that is all.
生活是世上最罕见的事情。大多数人只是存在，而已。
Related：
Finmeccanica Unit Claims Counter-Drone Breakthrough
White House quadcopterOne of today’s toughest defense problems is drones. But not what the Air Force likes to call Remotely Piloted Aircraft that carry missiles and bombs. The bigger threat – one that worries law enforcement and the Secret Service as much as the Pentagon – is drones like the hundreds of thousands Santa brought to kids of all ages last month. Say a DJI Phantom 3 Standard Quadcopter Drone with 2.7K HD Video Camera, selling on Amazon these days for around $500.
“They’re easy to buy, they’re simple to fly, they’re very hard to detect, they can carry different payloads, and they’re proliferating incredibly quickly,” said Steve Williams, capability manager for the electronic warfare unit of Italian conglomerate Finmeccanica’s Selex ES Ltd subsidiary in the United Kingdom.
ISIL is said to have used mini drones to case targets for suicide bombers. Drunks and protestors have landed mini drones everywhere from the White House lawn to the Japanese prime minister’s residence. Airline pilots have reported hundreds of sightings of drones dangerously close to their planes during takeoffs and landings. The threat is ever-growing. Williams said his company has a solution.
In April, at a joint U.S.-British exercise at a so-far unidentified United Kingdom location, Selex plans to demonstrate Falcon Shield, a counter-drone system designed to not only detect, identify, track, target and shoot down hostile or suspicious mini drones but – and this is the unique part — wrest control of them from their operators and divert them so they can be landed safely. In urban environments, that might be a lot better than shooting them down and risking injury to innocent bystanders or property damage.
“It’s a very difficult problem,” Williams said. “What you trigger may be as bad as what the terrorist intended.”
The problem is also difficult because, as U.S. military experts have determined in a decade-and-a-half of Black Dart exercises: “There is no silver bullet,” no single solution for this problem, according to Williams. “It needs to be a system of systems approach, and those systems need to be integrated in a manner that puts the user at the center.”
Finmeccanica has put together a modular and scalable system so that it can deliver what somebody might need in Times Square New York for VIP protection all the way up to providing a system, Williams said, that can protect an airport “or a very large critical infrastructure site such as a nuclear power plant or a military forward deployed operating base.”
A full-up Falcon Shield system would combine radar, infrared and daylight cameras, microphones to detect the buzz a mini drone’s rotors make, and devices able to detect a drone’s radio signals and track them back to its operator. The system will also include an electronic attack element to allow the Falcon Shield operator to take control of an incoming drone and kill or capture it, as in the video above.
That electronic attack ability, Williams added, “can defeat the systems in very cluttered environments such as urban environments without having an adverse effect on blue light systems that are out there, such as the police, fire services, ambulances.”
Assuming it works, of course. “The find, fix, track and identify is real right now and has been used and can be bought off the shelf as Falcon Shield,” Williams said. “The elements that we’re further developing or have developed and are integrating right now for April are the electronic surveillance and electronic attack elements.”
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