大寒节气，如何用英文说寒潮

“大寒已过腊来时，万物那逃出入机。”

今天是农历二十四节气中的最后一个节气——“大寒”。

Major cold - The last of the 24 traditional Chinese solar terms.

同时，一股霸王级的寒潮正在席卷全国，所到之处大地冰冻。

中央气象台预计，21日到25日，气温还将继续下跌，中东部普遍再降温6-8℃，局地降温14℃，还有9级阵风！南方也将出现大范围雨雪！

看看下面这张图，感受一下蓝色寒潮的威力。

*描述寒潮天气*

我们先来看看英文报道是怎样描述这股霸王寒潮的。

Most parts of China will experience a rapid drop in temperatures along with snow and rain in the coming days as a strong cold front is on the way to hit.
一股超级寒潮正席卷而来，未来几天，我国大部分地区将经历迅速降温和雨雪天气。

cold front：寒潮、冷锋

The National Meteorological Center said temperatures will drop sharply in northwestern, northern and northeastern China, with temperatures in some areas down by up to 14 degrees Celsius.
国家气象中心称，中国西北部、华北、东北地区将大幅降温，局地降温将达14℃。

meteorological [,mi?t??r?'l?d??k?l]：气象的；气象学的

Celsius ['sels??s] ：摄氏度

Meteorological authorities in eastern Jiangxi Province forecast a cold snap from Wednesday, adding rain and snow to the coldest week since 1992.
江西省气象部门预计寒潮周三来袭，伴随着雨雪天气，这将是该省1992年以来最寒冷的一周。

cold snap：寒潮

Sleet and freezing rain is forecast to hit southwest China's Guizhou Province from Thursday to Saturday.
周四到周六，贵州省将迎来雨夹雪、冻雨天气。

Sleet [sli?t]：雨夹雪

*寒 潮*

人们通常用cold snap、cold wave、cold front、cold spell来表达寒潮。

寒潮是指strong cold air（强冷空气）由亚洲大陆西部或西北部侵袭中国时的强降温天气过程，一般多发生在秋末、冬季、初春时节。

当范围很大的cold air mass（冷气团）聚集到一定程度，就会大规模向南入侵，形成寒潮天气。寒潮地面高压的前端一般都有一条cold front（冷锋）。寒潮过后，当地会受low pressure area（低气压）控制。

*关于寒冷的形容词*

▌crisp

cold and dry
轻微干冷

例句：

Pasto is almost 8,300 feet up in the mountains, so it was cold and crisp, with a blaze of stars across the sky.
帕斯托地处8300英尺海拔高的山脉，又冷又干，天空中闪耀着星星。

▌brisk

fairly cold and a fairly strong wind is blowing
寒冷干燥、寒风猛烈

例句：

A brisk northwest wind swept across the city.
寒冷干燥的西北风横扫了这个城市。

▌harsh

extremely cold and unpleasant
酷寒

例句：

Harsh weather in the west has left communities buried in snow.
西部地区的酷寒使整个社区掩埋在雪里。

▌bleak

very cold and grey
阴冷

例句：

The weather can be extremely bleak on the south.
南部地区的天气会极度阴冷。

▌biting

so cold that makes you feel very uncomfortable
刺骨的寒冷

例句：

He leant forward to protect himself against the biting wind.
他佝偻着身体以避寒风。

▌raw

unpleasantly cold
阴冷

例句：

Once they cleared the housetops, the wind was raw and biting.
他们清扫完屋顶后，顿时感到阴冷的刺骨寒风。

▌frosty

cold enough to produce frost
霜冻的寒冷

例句：

He breathed in the frosty air.
他吸进冰冷的空气。

▌icy

extremely cold；an icy road has ice on it
冰冷的；结冰的

例句：

It's icy out there! Be careful!
外面结冰了，路上小心！

*寒冷的天气现象*

▌blizzard

a big strong winter storm with lots of snow and wind
暴风雪

例句：

In some parts of Zhejiang, residents will experience blizzard conditions.
浙江部分地区会遭遇暴风雪天气。

▌flurry

a light, brief shower of snow
小阵雪

例句：

Flurries began to fall for a number of hours before the storm really started.
暴风来临前，小阵雪持续了数个小时。

▌frost

a thin layer of ice crystals that form on a frozen surface like grass or a car
霜

例句：

I know winter is coming when I begin to see frost in the yard in the morning.
当我在看见院子里的霜时，我知道冬天来了。

▌hail

small pieces of ice that fall from the sky
冰雹

例句：

The hail was so big it made dents in people’s cars and cracked windshields.
大块冰雹在人们的车上砸出了凹痕，砸裂了挡风玻璃。

▌sleet

a mixture of rain and snow
雨夹雪

例句：

Sleet is my least favorite kind of weather because it is both cold and wet.
雨夹雪是最讨人厌的天气，因为它又寒冷又潮湿。

▌freezing rain

rain that falls when surface temperatures are below freezing
冻雨

例句：

Icy weather and freezing rain continue to batter regions across South China.
冰冷天气和冻雨将继续侵袭南方地区。

注：冻雨不同于雨夹雪或冰雹，这种雨从天空落下时是低于0°C的过冷水滴，在碰到树枝、电线、地面或其他地上物，就会在这些物体上冻结成外表光滑、晶莹透明的一层冰壳。

*集中供暖*

下面是拉仇恨的部分，都说冬天是“北方人得瑟，南方人哆嗦”的季节。

因为有一条南北供暖分界线（North-South Central Heating Supply Line），这条线以秦岭、淮河为界，划定了北方集中供暖区。

北方采用的集中供暖系统称为central heating system。

“供暖”也称为heating supply。

提供集中供暖（central heating）的这段时间也就是heating season，供暖季。

而没有暖气的南方人民，到了冬天，只能靠空调或者电暖器取暖了（southern residents are forced to rely on air conditioners and heaters）。

不管你在南方北方，寒潮当前，还是多穿点吧！