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高考英语完形填空解题策略及范例 第一遍先全文通读，透过残缺语篇揣摩出故事的梗概。第二遍试填，上下文线索题需要先放一放，往下找线索（上下求索），待全文都读完之后，再回过去确定选项，得到答案后再思考（沉淀）. 找感觉，更深入地从整体感悟语篇。 思考：为什么我们在这一题型上总是失分较多? （1）.没有严格遵循答题步骤: 多数同学考试时担心时间紧,在没有弄清短文的中心和文章的情节线索的情况下匆忙答题.事实上我们用在这一题上的时间可以达到15-18分钟. 切记:一定要用2-3分钟时间进行缺词阅读,弄清文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空. （2）. 不注意积累答题技巧: a. 忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系; b. 遇到长句不注意分析句子结构,在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择. 灵活的解题技巧 （完形填空平时需要积累总结的方面） 上下文语境（context) 常识背景（common sense） 习惯搭配（phrases & idioms） 词义辨析 （comparison） 语法分析（grammar analysis) 逻辑分析 (logical analysis ) 排除法 （exclusive method ） 举例： 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） The three youths leaned over伏在，斜靠在the metal rails along the sea-wall and watched a few fishermen pull in their nets. About thirty meters away, a boat pulled alongside the slippery steps leading 36 to the sea. 提示： 三个年轻人靠在海边的铁栏上，看着几个渔民把他们的网拉进去。大概三十米远的地方，一条小船停靠在了往海里延伸的台阶边。 “Hey, look!” exclaimed Rahim. “Those two men are 37 heavy rocks. I thought we no longer do muscle labour in this technological 38 . ” “You don’t _39__a crane (起重机) to unload less than a dozen rocks, do you?”smiled Joshua. “But those men don’t __40___to have muscles at all, ”said Michael, rather surprised. Joshua smiled. “They are 41 laborers who know how to spread the weight of the rocks they 42 . See how the man positions the rock just at the slope of his 43 . Some of the rock’s weight is set 44 his head, some on the right hand and some on the left hand. His body isn’t bent. His legs are well 45 . ” “You’re right, Joshua. He may have a small build. 46 he certainly well knows his job. Dear me! And to think we have been studying 47 ! ” Rahim thought about all that was happening. Suddenly, he said, “Technology won’t 48 the human being completely, it appears.” “I don’t think it will. ” 49 Joshua. “You can harvest a crop of potatoes or wheat with one of those large, multi-purpose tractors, but you 50 use that equipment to harvest tea leaves and tomatoes, will you?” “You can get a computer to 51 multiple-choice assessments, but you cannot get the computer to produce or assess essays, can you?” asked Michael. “Well, the washing machine leaves my shirt collar quite as 52 as ever --- that’s domestic technology for you! ” said Rahim. “One day, perhaps, there won’t be anybody 53 who can carry a large rock the way those men do. It’s not going to be a very 54 world, I’m afraid.” Sighed Michael. “You’re too much of a pessimist (悲观主义者)，Mike.” Said Joshua. “ 55 will always be other things that will make the world exciting. ” 36. A. through B. across C. down D. up 37. A. loading B. unloading C. covering D. uncovering 38. A. way B. revolution C. process D. era 39. A. ask B. expect C. attempt D. hope 40. A. happen B. fail C. have D. seem 41. A. ambitious B. experienced C. potential D. energetic 42. A. take B. fetch C. carry D. bring 43. A. shoulder B. back C. chest D. arms 44. A. on B. against C. toward D. under 45. A. supported B. grasped C. placed D. strengthened 46. A. but B. however C. so D. therefore 47. A. chemistry B. physics C. biology D. psychology 48. A. control B. affect C. remove D. replace 49. A. agreed B. proposed C. refused D. denied 50. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. won’t D. needn’t 51. A. point out B. take out C. hand out D. print out 52. A. dirty B. clean C. old D. new 53. A. caught B. arranged C. left D. convinced 54. A. exciting B. mysterious C. technological D. modern 55. A. That B. This C. They D. There 本文是一篇观点独特的哲理小品，讲述的是三个年轻人在看到两个码头工人卸运石头之后的，引发的他们之间的一段对话。告诉我们在这个世界上尽管科技越来越发达，但还是代替不了人类的劳动。 部分翻译： 三个年轻人靠在海边的铁栏上，看着几个渔民把他们的网拉进去。大概三十米远的地方，一条小船停靠在了往海里延伸的台阶边。 “嗨，看啊！”Rahim大声喊道。“那两个人在往船下卸载大石头呢！我还以为在这个高科技的年代已经没有人做这种体力活了！” “你不是想用一台起重机来卸载几块石头吧？”Joshua微笑着说。 “但是那些人看上去都不是很强壮啊。”Michael惊讶的说。Joshua笑着。 36. C leading down to 可以向下滑动的台阶是方便船只卸货的，船被拖下了海，down 向下的，lead to 通向……. 37. B unloading 摆脱…的负担，卸货，下一段有提示，前后呼应。 Uncover 揭示，揭开 38. D 上文中的no longer do muscle labour 不再做体力劳动，知道 此处是科技时代， era 时代 39. B expect 指望，你不要指望起重机 40. D seem to do sth. 看起来好像…… 41. B 从下文可知他们是有经验的（experienced）工人。 42. C 动词辨析。carry 不强调动作的方向，强调搬运 ( carry ) 的物体较重。 运送； take 去拿，fetch （从远处）取来 43. A 本题与上文的carry (扛，搬运)对应。放在肩膀上 44. B against the head 用头顶着 45. C be well placed 使….放置平衡、恰当。这里指注意姿势，使双腿保持平衡。 46. A but 表示转折。由下文可知，他个子不大，体格不够强壮（He is a small build）, 但他肯定非常了解自己的工作，这样才能弥补自身的缺陷。干扰项是B “however”，做“可是”意思讲时是副词，不可引导从句。 47. B 工人们所讲的都是有关力的作用和平衡的知识，当然属物理 (physics) 范畴。 48. D 由全文可知技术无法替代（replace）人类的劳动，这是文章的主旨之所在。 49. A 由上下文可知，Joshua 也赞同（agree）他的观点。并列举了一些生动的例子 50. C 反义疑问句，由本句末的 will you 可知。 51. D print out 打印出 point out 指出 take out 拿出，取出 hang out 分发 52. A 由生活常识可知。技术是存在瑕疵的，洗衣机总洗不尽衣领处。 53. C left 是形容词，表示“剩下的”意思，做后置定语。还没有……剩下 54. A 从文章最后一句话可知。 55. D There be 结构。总有其他的可以使得世界精彩的事情发生。 ———— 微信 i03798 |
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