Rails Stack - MongoDB
Introduction
This is an introduction of creating rails stack together with MongoDB.
The tech stack includes:
- Rails
- MongoDB
- Bootstrap
- AngularJS
- Bower
- Capistrano
- Nginx
- RSpec
Create a rails application
It seems that TurboLinks does not play well with AngularJS. So we will not enable TurboLinks when we create the rails application.
Since we will use RSpec, here we skip the test-unit too (-T).
rails new -T --skip-turbolinks rails-stack-mongo
You might want to add config/secrets.yml and config/database.yml into .gitignore to avoid expose them.
If you've already checked in those two files and want to remove them. Try the following:
git rm config/secrets.yml config/database.yml
Setup Bower
We will use bower to manage the front-end libraries, including bootstrap. So here we need to setup bower first.
Install Bower
OS X:
sudo npm install -g bower
Ubuntu:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nodejs npm
sudo npm install -g bower
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/nodejs /usr/bin/node
In case the git:// protocol is not working in your network, you can let git to replace git:// with https://.
git config --global url.'https://'.insteadOf git://
Use Bower in Rails
We will use bower-rails to mange bower related actions. The main reason we use this gem instead of using bower directly is that, this gem provides a helper task rake bower:resolve to deal with the assets path problem in rails. For example in rails, we might found that the Glyphicons work well in development, but will raise 404 - not found on production. By using bower-rails gem, we can handle such situation easily.
To use this gem, we need to add it into our Gemfile.
gem 'bower-rails', '~> 0.9.2'
Run bundle install.
Then run
rails g bower_rails:initialize
This will add Bowerfile and initializers/bower_rails.rb.
The Bowerfile is just like a Gemfile, but for bower. It uses an DSL developed to provide similar feel like using bundler.
You might also want to modify you .gitignore to exclude the libraries managed by bower from your source control.
Here is a sample .gitignore
# See https://help.github.com/articles/ignoring-files for more about ignoring files.
#
# If you find yourself ignoring temporary files generated by your text editor
# or operating system, you probably want to add a global ignore instead:
# git config --global core.excludesfile '~/.gitignore_global'
# Ignore bundler config.
/.bundle
# Ignore the default SQLite database.
/db/*.sqlite3
/db/*.sqlite3-journal
# Ignore all logfiles and tempfiles.
/log/*
!/log/.keep
/tmp
### Rails template
*.rbc
capybara-*.html
.rspec
/log
/tmp
/db/*.sqlite3
/db/*.sqlite3-journal
/public/system
/coverage/
/spec/tmp
**.orig
rerun.txt
pickle-email-*.html
# TODO Comment out these rules if you are OK with secrets being uploaded to the repo
config/initializers/secret_token.rb
config/secrets.yml
## Environment normalisation:
/.bundle
/vendor/bundle
# these should all be checked in to normalise the environment:
# Gemfile.lock, .ruby-version, .ruby-gemset
# unless supporting rvm < 1.11.0 or doing something fancy, ignore this:
.rvmrc
# if using bower-rails ignore default bower_components path bower.json files
/vendor/assets/bower_components
*.bowerrc
bower.json
### SVN template
.svn/
### Windows template
# Windows image file caches
Thumbs.db
ehthumbs.db
# Folder config file
Desktop.ini
# Recycle Bin used on file shares
$RECYCLE.BIN/
# Windows Installer files
*.cab
*.msi
*.msm
*.msp
# Windows shortcuts
*.lnk
### JetBrains template
# Covers JetBrains IDEs: IntelliJ, RubyMine, PhpStorm, AppCode, PyCharm
*.iml
## Directory-based project format:
.idea/
# if you remove the above rule, at least ignore the following:
# User-specific stuff:
# .idea/workspace.xml
# .idea/tasks.xml
# .idea/dictionaries
# Sensitive or high-churn files:
# .idea/dataSources.ids
# .idea/dataSources.xml
# .idea/sqlDataSources.xml
# .idea/dynamic.xml
# .idea/uiDesigner.xml
# Gradle:
# .idea/gradle.xml
# .idea/libraries
# Mongo Explorer plugin:
# .idea/mongoSettings.xml
## File-based project format:
*.ipr
*.iws
## Plugin-specific files:
# IntelliJ
out/
# mpeltonen/sbt-idea plugin
.idea_modules/
# JIRA plugin
atlassian-ide-plugin.xml
# Crashlytics plugin (for Android Studio and IntelliJ)
com_crashlytics_export_strings.xml
crashlytics.properties
crashlytics-build.properties
### OSX template
.DS_Store
.AppleDouble
.LSOverride
# Icon must end with two \r
Icon
# Thumbnails
._*
# Files that might appear on external disk
.Spotlight-V100
.Trashes
# Directories potentially created on remote AFP share
.AppleDB
.AppleDesktop
Network Trash Folder
Temporary Items
.apdisk
Use Bootstrap
Install Bootstrap via Bower
Edit Bowerfile, add
asset 'bootstrap'
Then run
rake bower:install
to install bootstrap.
Use Bootstrap in rails
Edit config/application.rb to add bower_components into asset pipeline.
config.assets.paths << Rails.root.join('vendor', 'assets', 'bower_components')
# config.assets.paths << Rails.root.join('vendor', 'assets', 'bower_components', 'bootstrap', 'dist', 'fonts')
config.assets.precompile << %r(.*.(?:eot|svg|ttf|woff|woff2)$)
Edit app/assets/javascripts/application.js
//= require bootstrap/dist/js/bootstrap
Edit app/assets/stylesheets/application.css
*= require bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap
Fix bootstrap fonts missing issue
Edit config/initializers/bower_rails.rb, set bower_rails.resolve_before_precompile = true. This will run rake bower:resolve before compile. It will replace the url() in the css with <%= asset_path() %> helper.
Verify that Bootstrap works in Development
First we need to add a verification page.
rails g controller page index
Edit apps/views/page/index.html.erb
<button type='button' class='btn btn-default' aria-label='Left Align'>
<span class='glyphicon glyphicon-align-left' aria-hidden='true'></span>
</button>
<button type='button' class='btn btn-default btn-lg'>
<span class='glyphicon glyphicon-star' aria-hidden='true'></span> Star
</button>
<!-- Single button -->
<div class='btn-group'>
<button type='button' class='btn btn-default dropdown-toggle' data-toggle='dropdown' aria-expanded='false'>
Action <span class='caret'></span>
</button>
<ul class='dropdown-menu' role='menu'>
<li><a href='#'>Action</a></li>
<li><a href='#'>Another action</a></li>
<li><a href='#'>Something else here</a></li>
<li class='divider'></li>
<li><a href='#'>Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- Standard button -->
<button type='button' class='btn btn-default'>Default</button>
<!-- Provides extra visual weight and identifies the primary action in a set of buttons -->
<button type='button' class='btn btn-primary'>Primary</button>
<!-- Indicates a successful or positive action -->
<button type='button' class='btn btn-success'>Success</button>
<!-- Contextual button for informational alert messages -->
<button type='button' class='btn btn-info'>Info</button>
<!-- Indicates caution should be taken with this action -->
<button type='button' class='btn btn-warning'>Warning</button>
<!-- Indicates a dangerous or potentially negative action -->
<button type='button' class='btn btn-danger'>Danger</button>
<!-- Deemphasize a button by making it look like a link while maintaining button behavior -->
<button type='button' class='btn btn-link'>Link</button>
Start rails in development mode:
rails s
Access http://localhost:3000/page/index to make sure that Bootstrap works well in development mode.
Verify Bootstrap works in production mode
Edit config/secrets.yml to generate secret_key_base which is required to start WEBrick in produciton mode.
rake secret
Precompile assets from production
RAILS_ENV=production rake assets:clobber
RAILS_ENV=production rake assets:clean
RAILS_ENV=production rake assets:precompile
Start WEBrick in production mode
RAILS_SERVE_STATIC_FILES=true rails s -e production
Note: RAILS_SERVE_STATIC_FILES=true is added here because by default static files like *.css will not beserved by WEBrick in produciton mode. Check config.serve_static_files in config/environments/production.rb for more details.
Access http://localhost:3000/page/index to make sure that Bootstrap works well in production mode.
Use MongoDB
Use Mongoid as ORM driver. Edit Gemfile,
gem 'mongoid', '~> 4.0.0'
Then run bundle install.
Create mongoid.yml.
rails g mongoid:config
Create Controller
rails g scaffold Task name:string description:text status:string
Restart your WEBrick server.
Setup to use Bootstrap theme
Checkout Bootstrap's sample to setup the basic theme.
Edit app/views/layouts/application.html.erb,
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset='utf-8'>
<meta http-equiv='X-UA-Compatible' content='IE=edge'>
<meta name='viewport' content='width=device-width, initial-scale=1'>
<meta name='description' content=''>
<meta name='author' content=''>
<title>Rivendell</title>
<%= stylesheet_link_tag 'application', media: 'all' %>
<%= csrf_meta_tags %>
</head>
<body>
<div class='container'>
<nav class='navbar navbar-default'>
<div class='navbar-header'>
<button type='button' class='navbar-toggle collapsed' data-toggle='collapse' data-target='#navbar' aria-expanded='false' aria-controls='navbar'>
<span class='sr-only'>Toggle navigation</span>
<span class='icon-bar'></span>
<span class='icon-bar'></span>
<span class='icon-bar'></span>
</button>
<a class='navbar-brand' href='#'>Rivendell</a>
</div>
<div id='navbar' class='collapse navbar-collapse'>
<ul class='nav navbar-nav'>
<li class='active'><%= link_to('Home', root_path) %></li>
<li><%= link_to('Tasks', tasks_path) %></li>
</ul>
</div>
<!--/.nav-collapse -->
</nav>
<%= yield %>
</div>
<!-- /.container -->
<%= javascript_include_tag 'application' %>
</body>
</html>
Note: <%= javascript_include_tag 'application' %> is put at the bottom to speed up the page loading.
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