一、现在完成时的构成:助动词have(has)+ 过去分词
二、现在完成时的用法: (一)现在完成时的用法一 1.already意为“已经”,通常用于肯定句中,可放在助动词之后,过去分词之前,也可以放在句末。实例: 1)I've already read this book. 我已经读过这本书了。 (“读”这一动作发生在过去,对现在造成的影响是“知道书中的内容”。) 2)I've washed my clothes already.我已经洗了衣服。 (洗衣服的动作已完成,其结果是“衣服冼干净了”。) 注意:在表示吃惊或明知故问等感情色彩时,already也可用于(口语)疑问句中。实例: 3)Have you met him already ?你(真的)已经见过他了? 2.yet用在疑问句中意为“已经”,用在否定句中意为“还”,常放在句末。实例: 1)—Has he found his watch yet ?他已经找到他的手表了吗? —No,not yet.不,还没有。 2)The woman hasn't found her dog yet . 那位妇女还没有找到她的狗。(没找到狗,心里着急,这就是对现在的影响) 3.just意为“刚刚”,表示行为刚刚过去,常放在助动词与过去分词之间。实例: He has just come back from school .他刚从学校回来。 4.ever意为“曾经”,用于疑问句或否定句中,放在助动词与过去分词之间。实例: 1)Have you ever been to Hong Kong ?你曾去过香港吗? 2)I haven't ever spoken to her.我未曾和她说过话。 5.never意为“从来没有”常与before连用(before要放在句尾,而never多放在助动词与过去分词之间。实例: I have never travelled by plane before.我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过。 6.before意为“以前”,指过去不确定的某个时间,总是放在句末,不受句型的限制。实例: 1)Have you been to Hainan before ?你以前去过海南吗? 2)I haven't eaten Guangdong food before.我以前没吃过广东菜。 (二)现在完成时用法二——持续性用法(肯定句,疑问句中谓语动词必须是延续性动词):表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。此时常与“for +一段时间或“since+过去的点时间或从句(从句用一般过去时)以及so far(到目前为止)等时间状语连用。 for + 段时间 since +点时间 实例: 1)I've lived here since 1990.自从1990年以来我就住在这里。 = I've lived here since 13 years ago. = I've lived here for 13 years. = It is 13 years since I began to live here. 2)I haven't seen him for three years .我三年没有看见他了。 = I haven't seen him since three years ago = I haven't seen him since 2000. = It is 3 years since I saw him last time. 3)Mr Wang has worked in the factory since he came to the city . 自从到这个城市以来,王先生一直在这家工厂工作。 4)She's been at this school since five years ago. 自从五年前以来她就在这个学校。 www.52yufa.com 国内老牌英语语法学习网站 www.95ppt.com PPT模板下载网 (找PPT模板,就来95PPT.COM) 大同韦特教育 数理化英小班及一对一学习热线:7916234 1533352488
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