美国精神病学家Cleckley用了一生时间研究反社会人格,最后将反社会人格障碍患者的特征归纳为以下16条:
1.表面迷人和良好的智力; 2.没有妄想或者其他荒谬的思维障碍; 3.没有其他精神病、神经症的症状; 4.不可靠,没有责任感; 5.不真实、不忠诚; 6.没有悔过或自责的心理; 7.反社会行为缺乏充分的动机; 8.判断力差,不能从过去的经验中吸取教训; 9. 病理性自我中心和不能真正地爱和依恋别人; 10.缺乏主要的情感反应; 11.缺乏内省; 12.在一般的人际关系中不协调; 13.无论是否饮过酒,都出现古怪而令人讨厌的行为; 14.很少有自杀行为; 15.轻浮而不正当的性生活; 16.对生活没有计划和长远打算。 这16条称为Cleckley标准,是诊断反社会人格的权威标准(感觉翻译的很多地方不到位,把原文贴上,大家细细看) 1.superficial charm and good 'intelligence' 2.absence of delusions and other signs of irrational thinking 3.absence of 'nervousness' or psychoneurotic manifestations. 4.unreliablity 5.untruthfulness and insincerity. 6.lack of remorse or shame. 7.inadequately motivated antisocial behavors 8.poor judgement and failure to learn by experience. 9.pathologic egocentricity and incapablity for love. 10.general poverty in major affective reactions. 11. specific loss of insight. 12.unresponsiveness in general interpersonal relations. 13.fantastic and uninviting behaviors with drink or sometimes without. 14.suicide rarely carried out. 15.sex life impersonal,trivial,and poorly integrated. 16.failure to follow any life plan. |
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