哈佛大学2016毕业演讲：利文斯顿讲述教育公平性2016年06月23日 标准化教育磨灭孩子的天赋 教育在于发现孩子的天赋 近日，哈佛大学学生多诺万·利文斯顿(Donovan Livingston)的毕业演讲视频在网上迅速走红，他在哈佛的毕业典礼上引用美国政治家兼教育家霍瑞斯·曼(Horace Mann)的名言并采取诗歌体演讲，惊艳全场，得到师生们的一致好评。他的演讲被美国媒体称为美国史上最有力量的毕业演讲。
多诺万·利文斯顿、是一位哈佛大学的社会科学研究助理，Donovan说自己很爱诗歌，所以用诗歌的形式来做演讲。演讲视频一天之内点击量近千万，被希拉里转发。他通过这首诗表达了自己对教育的理解：教育，要挖掘孩子们的天赋，并最大化地发挥他们的潜力，并抨击了美国现存的标准化教育。 由于语言文化差异，对英文诗歌的理解很难达到统一。以下引用靶小曼对这首诗的理解： 理想状态：教育是实现平等的伟大途径 Donovan用霍瑞思·曼在1848年所说的话作为引言。霍瑞思·曼，是美国的教育家和政治家。 1848年春，霍瑞思·曼在一个演讲中，公开表达了对奴隶制的反对。他认为，世界上没有比奴隶制更为邪恶的事物。
关于教育，霍瑞思·曼希望通过将来自不同背景的孩子们集合在一起，为孩子们提供共同的教育。他相信公共教育能够给予有困难的家庭的孩子们更多教育机会，并使得社会更公平。 现状：与众不同的孩子在学校感到孤独 教育，应该拥有无穷的力量。但是，Donovan在现在的美国教育体系里，看到最多的是——分裂和控制。 Donovan认为美国教育的现状是：1)教育过程机械、所教的知识死板 “学生学习的教室和黑奴工作的种植园，在某种程度上，是一样的。”学生们的学习是被动的，就像黑人被安排机械的工作一样，老师在机械地给学生布置任务，学习一些死板的知识。 2)教育追求标准化：标准化的考试，让孩子们产生挫败感，阻碍他们发挥自己的天赋和个性。
求学时期的Donovan，叛逆、独行。在追求标准化教育的学校，他感到孤独。他形容自己是一朵在突破信条的荆棘小道上，孤独绽放的野花。 教育——需要伽利略式的耐心 教育——在于发现孩子的天赋 直到Donovan上七年级的时候，他遇到他的贵人——帕科女士。作为教师，帕科女士指引他听从内心真实的声音，帮他找到自己的天赋以及潜能。 Donovan认为，教育不是大声吼叫，而需要伽利略式的耐心。正如帕科女士对他所做的。 每个孩子都是一颗闪耀的星，如果教育者能花时间与每个孩子交流，便能发现他们与众不同的天赋。这些天赋让孩子们闪闪发光。 没有人愿意变得平庸，拥有天赋和潜能的孩子们，不应该被标准化的教育，磨灭光芒。
教育要突破标准化的束缚，摆脱贫穷与特权、政策与无知的笨重负担； 教育要发现孩子们与众不同的天赋，并最大化地挖掘他们的潜能。 演讲最后，Donovan鼓励孩子们：天空不是终点，天空只是起点！飞吧！去尽可能地发挥自己的天赋与潜力。 以下是演讲英文全文： “Education then, beyond all other devices of human origin, Is a great equalizer of the conditions of men.” – Horace Mann, 1848. At the time of his remarks I couldn’t read — couldn’t write. Any attempt to do so, punishable by death. For generations we have known of knowledge’s infinite power. Yet somehow, we’ve never questioned the keeper of the keys — The guardians of information. Unfortunately, I’ve seen more dividing and conquering In this order of operations — a heinous miscalculation of reality. For some, the only difference between a classroom and a plantation is time. How many times must we be made to feel like quotas — Like tokens in coined phrases? — “Diversity. Inclusion” There are days I feel like one, like only — A lonely blossom in a briar patch of broken promises. But I’ve always been a thorn in the side of injustice. Disruptive. Talkative. A distraction. With a passion that transcends the confines of my consciousness — Beyond your curriculum, beyond your standards. I stand here, a manifestation of love and pain, With veins pumping revolution. I am the strange fruit that grew too ripe for the poplar tree. I am a DREAM Act, Dream Deferred incarnate. I am a movement – an amalgam of memories America would care to forget My past, alone won’t allow me to sit still. So my body, like the mind Cannot be contained. As educators, rather than raising your voices Over the rustling of our chains, Take them off. Un-cuff us. Unencumbered by the lumbering weight Of poverty and privilege, Policy and ignorance. I was in the 7th grade, when Ms. Parker told me, “Donovan, we can put your excess energy to good use!” And she introduced me to the sound of my own voice. She gave me a stage. A platform. She told me that our stories are ladders That make it easier for us to touch the stars. So climb and grab them. Keep climbing. Grab them. Spill your emotions in the big dipper and pour out your soul. Light up the world with your luminous allure. To educate requires Galileo-like patience. Today, when I look my students in the eyes, all I see are constellations. If you take the time to connect the dots, You can plot the true shape of their genius — Shining in their darkest hour. I look each of my students in the eyes, And see the same light that aligned Orion’s Belt And the pyramids of Giza. I see the same twinkle That guided Harriet to freedom. I see them. Beneath their masks and mischief, Exists an authentic frustration; An enslavement to your standardized assessments. At the core, none of us were meant to be common. We were born to be comets, Darting across space and time — Leaving our mark as we crash into everything. A crater is a reminder that something amazing happened here — An indelible impact that shook up the world. Are we not astronomers — looking for the next shooting star? I teach in hopes of turning content, into rocket ships — Tribulations into telescopes, So a child can see their potential from right where they stand. An injustice is telling them they are stars Without acknowledging night that surrounds them. Injustice is telling them education is the key While you continue to change the locks. Education is no equalizer — Rather, it is the sleep that precedes the American Dream. So wake up — wake up! Lift your voices Until you’ve patched every hole in a child’s broken sky. Wake up every child so they know of their celestial potential. I’ve been a Black hole in the classroom for far too long; Absorbing everything, without allowing my light escape. But those days are done. I belong among the stars. And so do you. And so do they. Together, we can inspire galaxies of greatness For generations to come. No, sky is not the limit. It is only the beginning. Lift off. 来源/网易教育 撰文/靶小曼 编辑/刘逸尘 |
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