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Brazil's architectural history is dominated by Modernism, with architects like Oscar Neimeyer, Lina Bo Bardi and Lucio Costa all famed for their contribution to the movement.With several days to go until the Olympic and Paralympic games in Rio de Janeiro, we've selected eight of the city's best examples of Modernist architecture and landscaping that visitors shouldn't miss. Museu de Arte Contemporanea de Niterói by Oscar Neimeyer, 1996 这座博物馆由巴西著名的建筑师、普利策奖获得者Oscar Neimeyer设计，位于瓜纳巴拉湾的悬崖边上，于1996年建成，一共有三层，容纳着许多现代和当代艺术藏品。 Designed by Brazil's best-known architect, Priztker Prize-winner Oscar Neimeyer, the Museu de Arte Contemporanea de Niterói sits on a cliff overlooking Guanabara Bay.Also known as MAC, the building was completed in 1996 to house a large collection of modern and contemporary art across three floors. 博物馆的外观是一个碗状的量体坐落在基座之上，入口是一条蜿蜒向上的红色斜坡。最近，时尚品牌路易威登将其作为2017年时装系列的展示场地，而这条红色通道也被作为T台的一部分。 Its bowl-shaped form sits atop a pedestal, and is accessed by a snaking red walkway that slopes upwards to the entrance. The building was recently used by fashion house Louis Vuitton as the setting for its 2017 Cruise collection show, for which set designer Es Devlin and the brand's creative director Nicolas Ghesquiere used the ramp as part of the catwalk. Catedral Metropolitana de S?o Sebasti?o do Rio de Janeiro by Edgar Fonceca, 1976 这座建筑位于城市的核心地带，形似金字塔，高达75米。建筑师对古玛雅建筑进行重新解构，将混凝土块状覆盖在网格样式之上。 The pyramid-shaped form of the Catholic Cathedral of Saint Sebastian rises 75 metres in the heart of the city's Centro district.Its architect Edgar Fonceca reinterpreted ancient Mayan architecture as a concrete monolith covered in a grid pattern. 四扇彩色玻璃一直延伸到屋顶，室内可容纳约5,000个座位。 Inside, four colourful stained-glass windows stretch up to the apex, with seating for 5,000 arranged concentrically around the alter beneath. Conjunto Residencial Mayor Mendes de Moraes (Pedregulho) by Affonzo Eduardo Reidy, 1947 这座房子坐落在S?o Cristóv?o郊区的山上，架空在一系列柱子之上，呈水平起伏状。 Sat atop a hill in the suburb of S?o Cristóv?o, Affonzo Eduardo Reidy's concrete building is raised on pilotis and has a gently curved form that undulates horizontally. 开放式的人行道穿过包含328个单元房的建筑中央，建筑里还包括一个圆拱形的体育馆、游泳池、学校、商店、花园和健康中心。 An open-sided walkway cuts through the middle of the building, which contains 328 units. The site also includes a vault-shaped gymnasium beside a now-empty swimming pool, a school, shops and a health centre, as well as gardens and murals by Roberto Burle Marx. Instituto Moreira Salles by Olavo Redig de Campos, 1951 这座房子最初是为一个银行世家所设计的，位于加维亚的一个森林里面，希望打造成为一所能够举行盛大聚会以招待贵宾的豪宅。 Originally designed as a home for the Moreira Salles banking family, the house is situated on a forested plot in Gávea.Ambassador Walter Moreira Salles commissioned Olavo Redig de Campos to create a mansion where he could host lavish parties for distinguished guests. 整座房子围绕着一个梯形的中央庭院而建，三面环绕着玻璃墙，有一个朝向花园的不规则泳池。 It is organised around a trapezoidal central courtyard, which is surrounded on three sides by glass walls and opens onto a garden with an irregularly shaped pool designed by Roberto Burle Marx. Casa das Canoas by Oscar Niemeyer, 1951 巴西著名建筑师Oscar Niemeyer为自己和家人于1951年设计的房子同样是里约热内卢最具标志性的现代主义建筑之一。 Another iconic Modernist house in Rio is the residence that Oscar Niemeyer designed for himself and his family in 1951.
整座建筑由一系列的岩石与玻璃幕墙相结合，平坦的白色屋顶架在透明的外立面上，由细长的柱子支撑着蜿蜒至户外空间。 The architect, who died in 2012?aged 104, built the home over an around a series of rocky outcrops that permeate its glass walls.The transparent facades are topped by a flat white roof, which curves out to cover portions of outdoor space and is supported by slender pillars. Museu de Arte Moderna by Affonzo Eduardo Reidy, 1955
在建筑的南立面，一排巨型的混凝土柱由下往上排列，不仅为建筑室内提供宽敞的无柱空间，还对建筑结构起到一定的支撑作用。而在建筑的北立面，建筑师则采用了百叶窗的设计，有助于控制进入画廊的光线。 A row of large concrete columns that angle outwards from bottom to top run along the south facade. This structural system allows for column-free gallery spaces inside, and anchors the building on the site created with landfill.Aluminium shutters along the north facade help to control the amount of lighting that enters the galleries.
螺旋上升式的坡道创建出一个高层，提供了一个屋顶露台、餐厅和酒吧，人们可以从这里俯瞰瓜纳巴拉湾和休格洛夫山的迷人景致。 A spiralling ramp provides access to an upper level, where a roof terrace, restaurant and bar provide views of Guanabara Bay and the Sugarloaf Mountain. Palácio Gustavo Capanema by Lucio Costa, 1943
这座位于市中心的建筑被用作政府办公大楼，是美洲的第一座现代主义公共建筑。1960年，巴西迁都巴西利亚之后，这座大楼便转由教育和健康区域部门使用。 Lucio Costa designed the Gustavo Capanema Palace as a government office building in the city centre. It was the first Modernist public building in the Americas. In 1960 when the Brazil's capital was moved to Brasília, which was masterplanned by Costa and is famed for its Modernist structures, the building became the regional Ministry of Education and Health. Copacabana Beach promenade by Roberto Burle Marx, 1970
如果你前往奥运会排球比赛的现场，便很可能会踏上这条与卡帕卡巴纳海滩平行的大道。整条大道长约4千米，由深浅不一的灰色马赛克拼凑出波浪的图案，从马路对面高层的酒店建筑上观望风景最佳。 Spectators heading to the Olympic Beach Volleyball events at the famous Copacabana Beach will likely tread the Roberto Burle Marx-designed promenade that runs parallel to the sand. The four-kilometre-long walkway features wavy patterns in alternate dark and light grey mosaics, which is best appreciated from the tall hotel buildings across the road. 看世界的微信，全球建筑最前沿 全球范围内优秀的建筑和建筑设计事务所 |
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