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Each guest, everyone is good in the morning!We will visit famous Jing state thou city today. "Smell listen to a Three Kingdoms matter, each desire arrives Jing state".Mention Jing state, you will definitely naturally thought of that Liu fully lends Jing state and Lu Su to beg for Jing state, Lyu Meng in the middle of the novel 《Three Kingdoms historical novel 》 a set of Jing state, close feather to lose Jing state those very popular Three Kingdoms stories, 120 times 《Three Kingdoms historical novel 》 , have contents 72 times involve Jing state.1,100 in the last yearses, arrive Jing state thou the city inquire paying homage to of the Three Kingdoms history clouds and mist vestiges, search for ancient relics, explore a You to form a continuous stream.As everyone's on-the-spot guide, I very honor can lend such an opportunity the Jing state thou city over 2,000 make a show of to everyone. We is a Jing state the position of place now city east in addition to door, several 10 meter wide rivers of everyone's in front are moats, while fighting of, it is the together natural natural cover that resists an enemy to offend city, but at present on this river, will hold solemn and impressive international Dragon Boat invitational tournament annually.Before going into city, first please allow me to introduce Jing state to everyone a thou the history background of the city. Jing state city, again river Ling city.BE currently our country the south keep the forest an ancient city defense of integrity, is also 1982 State Department head the 24 history cultural in whole country that criticize announcement one of the cities;1996, Jing state thou city wall drive State Department announcement for whole country point the cultural object protect unit;in 2000, with Jing state thou city is center of the Jing state City again drive nation tour the bureau named after an excellent China tour city. The history that looks back Jing state can say with China up and down 5,000 years of civilization history to is close to connect with each other.Everyone knows that the Chinese nation is burning Huang descendant, Emperor Huang and burning the emperor tribe merge unified China after, "cede territory cloth nine states"(hope, Yan, green, Xu, Yang, Jing and Yu, beam and Yong), the Jing state is this ancient nine one of the stateses. The name " Jing state", saw the ancient works during the period of war country at the earliest stage 《still book?Yu Gong 》medium of"Jing and Heng sun however Jing state", the district area of Jing state was very big at that time, the spring autumn fought Chu's country of country period to woulds be rise at the Jing state inside the area.Jot down according to the historical data, tortoise in the week Chuang year(namely 689 B.C.), text king of Chu will all the city move into today Jing state city northern five kilometers of Jis south city, the Chu country founds a capital here as long as 411 years, experienced 20 kings before or after, create and yellow river river valley Central plains culture reflect to lay equal stress on, and can with thou Greece, thou culture in Rome mutually match in excellence of Chu's culture.It is rumored that Chu becomes various temple and temple ship wharf that the king(671-525 B.C.) , for fully looking at Yangtze River to win a view, constructed "fly building 100 Chinese feet shone on lake water, uped had the Yan Zhao Qian's pretty eyebrowseses" in the Jing state city area while reigning(671-525 B.C.), this various temple and temple ship wharf are today the embryo of the Jing state city.Qin Zhao Wang 29 years(then 278 B.C.), the famous general white rate soldier of Qin Guo strikes against Chu's country and captures the region of the river man's, Qin immediately all establishes at Chus south county, is at that time 36 one of the countieses in the whole country.Afterwards, Qin and then the place of Jing state city establishes a river Ling county today, "face a river by ground" and"the near state has no high mountain, all all Ling Fu", so call "river Ling".106 B.C., man Wu Di builds up the Jing state sting history department, is whole country is 13 one of the stateses, from now on, the Jing state starts becoming the name that the administrative area rows. From Qin Han after, the Jing state becomes an in the past dynasty to win the champion the key figure of placing the mansion, have been state, county one class cure, the dynasty having even once founded a capital to found a state here.Three Kingdoms, is the key position for competing for hegemony here, Sun Liu unites to greatly break a Cao soldier at red wall one war, Liu Bei hence borrow° from Sun Quan at the next year Jing state, and take this as groundwork to quickly develop Shu national power dint.Henceforth, east Anne's emperor of the Jin last years of the period, south dynasty of together with emperor, beam dollar emperor, empress beam Xuan Di, Sui of empress beam ten countries of king and Tang Mo Wu's generation of king in Nan-ping etc., successively have 11 conflict dukes to call here that the emperor(king) founds a capital, as long as more than 100 years.The Jing state in Tang Dynasty is a temporary capital, call "south county", with Chang-an city south the north act in cooperation.The Sung Dynasty hereat places a river Ling mansion after building up.The dollar beginning changes a river Ling mansion for set out manager mansion.The clear beginning changes to establish a Jing state mansion again.Manchu dynasty along with use Ming Dynasty system.Republic, the Jing state belongs to Hubei province fourth administration all Cha area.After the People's Republic of China establishes, the Jing state city is specialist official bureau in the Jing state region in Hubei province and river Ling county people government agency location.In 1994, original Jing state the region and merger in sand City City establish the Jing sand City and change name to the Jing state City in 1997, the Jing state city is the Jing state area location of two areas in the six county cities, the Jing state City. The Jing state city is located in world in, the meeting of river's lake has been being a military necessarily contend for of ground.Zhuge Liang once said:"Jing state north according to man Mian and benefit exert south china sea, east connect Wu, meeting, west Ba, Shu, this uses violence of country".Han Dynasty with fair and just loyalty strong famous prime minister, Li Gu, , the Three Kingdoms famous general pass feather, week Yu, Lyu Meng, six lousy, the big department of the Jin generation versed in literary and military arts Ma Tao Kan all once garrisoned Jing state;The generation poet of Jin thanks to work properly luck and Bao to shine on, Tang Dynasty progressive prime minister, Zhang Jiu Ling, , Zhang Jian, big author more, dollar famous history persons, such as Zhen and Sung generation great statesman Wang An Shi...etc., all once served as all of the different jobs in the Jing state as well.In addition, the many times of the in the past important farmer starts revolution, also all the Jing state is to importantly offend a brilliant mark, such as western man Wang Kuang, Wang Feng of the last years of the period, Tang Mo's yellow nest, Chen You of the dollar end forgives, Lee of the clear end from become with Zhang Xian Zhong etc. leadership of the farmer started revolution soldiers to all once attack and occupy Jing state city. In addition to being a military important position, economy and culture of the ancient Jing state city is also very active and prosperous.Because transportation convenience, rich soil, moderate weather, products abundant, as early as western man period, it has already developed to become one of ten greatest marketplaces in the whole country, row southern head of five counties.South and North Dynasty, then become "in Yangtze River visit first city", with downstream famous Yang state in the business city together, the history calls "left big town in river nothing is better than Jing and Yang".Although at west Wei's period once was ruined to fight difficult, arrived to resume gradually again in Tang prosperous and its scale invite decuple in before, so the Jing state city was positioned "temporary capital" at that time, with Chang-an, Luo sun combine call. ·door guide's phrase in the sky ·flood well guide the phrase boudoir guide's phrase ·the wood orchid pond guide's phrase in the sky ·Yangtze River Bridge guide's phrase in Wuhan The Jing state is cultural center in Chu, the music, choreographic nation of "the clock blares Chu for sky", possess the great reputation of "however Chu has just".1,100 in the last yearses, culture is prosperous here, people of talent coming forth successive, conceive Chu's country famous patriotic poet Qu-Yuan, Tang Dynasty famous frontier poet Cen three, Sung generation"being ten thousand is small" Zhu Mao etc. one large numbers of river Ling brilliant scholar.In political arena, the prime minister who come out from the Jing state has the Liu Ji, segment of Tang Dynasty the text Chang and the Cen of "is a three mutually" of originally, the Cen grow pure, Cen Xi Zu Sun San Dai, most for famous of is Ming Dynasty prime minister, Zhang Ju Ya, just, he the dint lord expel a fraud government, development economy, rose certain positive effect at that time, is respected adore by posterity.At the same time, Jing state city exquisite natural tremendous and deep cultural bottom Yun, also drew on in the past numerous well-known scholar person with ideals and integrities come a sightseeing tour, the chirping of birds poem member of association, the department of the Han Dynasty Ma Qian, the Wang Can of the Wei and Jin Dynasty and pottery Yuan is clear, Wang Wei in Tang Dynasty and Meng Hao however, Li Bai, Du Fu and Liu Yu Xi, Li Shang Yin and Du herd, Su Shi of Sung generation, six visit and clearly the pure Yuan great way, and Wang Shi Zhen...etc. all once traveled over Jing state city, and leave a great deal of poem text excellent piece, take great reputation most among them of should be Li Bai 《descend river Ling 》 one poem in the unique sentence of "dynasty Ci white emperor clouds of many colors, a long distance river Ling on the first return". Like, say so many, everyone to Jing state thou city of definitely had further understand in the past.The Jing state that makes us go to together to see now now isexactly what appearance in city.Please everyone close behind I along city of the sidewalk of the right side, the left side is Ma Dao, if you keep in mind, will discover to carve into Ma Dao's brick to engrave a writing, this is the extremely precious Ming text the brick is in the Jing state thou city wall and call again writing brick, they jotted down the endless history process that the in the past builds a Jing state city wall and reflected the change condition of administration district that the Jing state rules over and had an important history research value. It is rumored that build a regular city wall in the Jing state in Han Dynasty, after will close feather and eastern Wu to guard through the Shu however and east Jin Jing the state stab history Huan and beam dollar emperor etc. 12 times maintain an extension and make Jing state the city Be getting more solid magnificent, but all of this are the soil city walls.Jot down according to the historical data, the Jing state's first brick city wall starts to set up at five ten country periods, the Jing south stanza degree makes Gao Ji Xing proceed from the purpose that sets up separatist regime Jing state the independence as king and uses ten several ten thousand armed forces and people to greatly fix the Jing state brick city wall in 912 A.D., the brick that builds city isn't enough, issue order to dig to take last home brick everywhere, square circle 50 inside inside of the grave to the utmost encounter excavation.It is said that city wall after building each time till dead hour, then bums a phosphorescence of innumerable on the wall, have a liking for to be like "will-o'-the-wisp", make people greatly terrified.The north Sung last years of the period, because of"Jing Kang" the battle fire burns, the city wall greatly ruins.Arrived south Sung, the Jing state pacifies a history Zhao Xiong for strengthening Jing state defense, up move the emperor of Chun Xi to allow, build many new buildings in 1187, time in 11 months inside start to rebuild a brick city wall, still is constructing to fight building more than 1,000s in the city wall, build "appropriation city brick" that the brick of city issues order to burn to make for the government this time, have the responsibility Ming the text on the brick, but have no title of resign to jot down.Afterwards, the dollar soldier attacks and occupies Jing state city, suddenly necessarily strong issue order that all of the city wall tore down.Zhu Yuan Zhang after building up the Ming Dynasty again remains a radicle repair, and open to dig moat in the city week.Clear end Zhang Xian Zhong leads farmer to start revolution a soldier to offend into Jing state the city, the city wall is again tored down by the volunteer army cut up rough.Until is pure to fluently cure for three years(namely 1646 A.D.), start to build a city wall on the old radicle for the third time, this is the Jing state thou city wall that subsists up to now.The city defense constructs a very hard prison, for prevent°froming a city wall because water invades corrosion but next sink, all of radicle feet in the city wall with a stone Lei carve, wall noodles all use a lime glutinous rice the syrup infuse sew, though once encountered three ruin three set up, and experience successively for more than 300 spring autumns cold hot, the city wall still keep intact.New China after establishing, national and local government to Jing state thou the city carried on a point protection and reformed the Jing state city and peripheral environment, whole cure, repair and extension, built inside the wreath way and the outside wreath way, dredged to manage moat, at east door outside with new north the door set up and have Phoenix square and sky and ask square respectively and make Jing state ancient the city be getting more beautiful, impressive-looking and sublime, this is each Jing state that see today city thou old but fresh face. Research to point out according to the expert that moreover, so far discovering on the Jing state city wall is the earliest, have the writing brick of title of resign is a clear Hong Wu Er Nian(namely in 1369), be apart from have already had more than 600 years of history now, this brick reports than The Xinhua news agency of, at the great wall up detection of ten thousand the writing brick of want early for 207 years through the years.Make people call more strange BE, jot down to know from the writing brick, these bricks not only only come from river's man's plain, but also have of come from province inside other places and province outside of Hunan, Shaanxi and etc. ground in Jiangxi, from this built huge city engineering at that time.The ancient times builds city and also embodies a kind of thought of quality management, in the past building or maintain the city wall leaves of or detailed or Chien's responsibility Ming the text is all actually a kind of public responsibility form.The contents that jots down from the city brick preceding context word sees, is very meticulous and strict and the record has time to make brick and location, besides which, , also have a baby, make concerning the Jian brick person, kiln person, make brick expenses and undertake name and concretely be responsible for of officials in the place's detailed Ming text.It is thus clear that constructed Jing state at that time city wall adopted the way of doing of "civil mobilized, up and down began, explicit division of labour, responsibility arrived person".Jing state of so have been being praised as "iron beats of Jing state" in the ancient times, is an inseparable with this kind of"responsibility system".This is also what we need today from first wise study and draw lessons from there. The everyone's careful observation is these writing bricks, elaboration of the friend also discover in the writing to engrave a method up, current intaglio, the sun engraves and also has yin and yang and engraves;On the calligraphy form of written, current running script, also have formal script;Write a method in the word up, then current traditional form, and then have a simplification word.Therefore, these writing bricks still have an important art research value, worth further development and exploitation. Now, we ascended east city tower in the door, lean on balcony and looking at the distance, the Yao wants to close feather in those early years, beauty long Ran, holdses green Long Yan Yue's knife, you whether also strong the heart thrive, can experience personally "a man be pass, ten thousand men don't open" of Hao feeling? Have a bird's-eye view from the air, the Jing state city wall is like one to visit Long Mian Gen parks lake Zhao in water in, present irregular oval.The whole city wall thing is long kilometer of, southern north breadth kilometer, the week grows a kilometer, area square kilometer inside the city.Gao Mi in the city wall, crest noodles breadth 3-5 meters not etc., base breadth 10 meters are or so.Setting up city Duo on the city wall is 4567, fort 26 and hide 4 soldier's holes.All of these are the tool that the ancient war defendoofs aggression. The Jing state thou city totally sets up six city gates, the northeast is two for each, southwest one for each.The door of the east by the name of Yin guest door, small east door by the name of public security official door, greatly north by the name of arch in the door pole door, again Liu Men, small north the door named far Anne door, south the door named south Ji door, west by the name of Lan door in Anne in the door.The names of each city gate are cantonal with Jing of the geography, history have relation with custom, such as small east door, Liu fully changed to the oil river's a public security official and by boat returned to Jing state after marrying a girl madam in those early years, the boat ascended shore under this the city is into the Jing state, past public security official;Again such as big north door, the ancient times city north contains the big way to lead to Kyoto, when the officials as a class moves an officer to transfer all this, when the officials friend companion sends off folds to mutually present here, past again call Liu Men.Why doesn't the ancients folds peach Lee, but bent on having fold to mutually present?This but have cause, jot down according to the historical records, our country from from Han Dynasty, the friends and relatives faces don't fold to mutually present to gradually become custom, because"" is the homophonic that"stay", fold to mutually present to"request" to stay, idea of"reluctanting to part with".In addition to small east door outside, five other city gates all have a Lyu door, is two heavy door, two of has jar city, two heavy the door that is each to establish a wood quality folio in the door, still have a 10 Li riceses thick sluice board inside the wood door, in order to prevent floods.All originally set up city gate building on six city gates in addition, the east city tower in the door call guest sun building, small east city tower in the door call hope river's building, greatly north city tower in the door call view Long Lou, small north city tower in the door call toward believing in building, south city tower in the door call the song river's building, west city tower in the door call nine sun buildings, because the dynasty substitutes, the history changes and plus the breakage of battle fire, original of city tower in addition to greatly north fanlight view Long Lou all no longer reply to exist for rebuilding for Manchu Dynasty Tao Kuang 18 years(namely 1838 A.D.) keeping up to now, .We now the eastern guest sun building in door of place is a nation the state is for the sake of the development Jing state tourism, repair and protection Jing thou the city allocate funds an in the style of antique reconstruction in 80's in 20th century. |
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