母猪便秘解决方案：什么可以控制母猪的便秘？

原因：

便秘是排便频率和数量下降，且伴随着排便时间延长、排便困难。即使最终排出来，粪便也经常是小硬球状。母猪脱水时经常会发现便秘，粪便变得干燥，排便过程困难。脱水最常见于分娩之后，因为母猪在排出胎盘、子宫液时流失了体内大量的水。一般需要几天时间母猪便可恢复分娩过程中的水流失，恢复体内正常的水平衡。

预防措施：

分娩后提供合适的日粮，分娩前连续饲喂几天缓泻药。

处理：

如果条件允许地话，便秘母猪应每天活动10-15分钟来增加消化道的活动。缓泻药，如硫酸镁、氯化钾，可每天给予两勺或添加至饲料中（15-25lbs/ton）来减缓一下便秘。

饲喂特殊的原料可以控制母猪便秘吗？

可能吧。添加缓泻药的效果不稳定，存在一定差异。大多数报道表明缓泻药并不能改善母猪的生产性能。母猪经常发生便秘，是因为它们在分娩后的前几天没有获得足够的饲料。如果母猪已经发生便秘，在添加缓泻药前，先尝试一下增加饲喂量。另外，还要检查母猪饮水供给正常。纤维性原料或某些化合物可以起缓泻药的作用。纤维性原料如甜菜粕、苜蓿、燕麦、车前子、大豆皮、麦麸，这些原料水结合能力强，作用如缓泻药。化学性缓泻药包括氯化钾（15 lb/ton）、硫酸镁（30 lb/ton）、芒硝（60 lb/ton）。这些添加比例是在建立在母猪每天饲喂量为4至4.5lb的基础上。当母猪饲喂量完全达标时，这些化合物的添加量可降半。人们更喜欢天然缓泻原料，因为化学性缓泻剂可改变母猪体内水平衡，紊乱消化系统。添加适当数量的甜菜粕、苜蓿、燕麦、麦麸通过降低日粮的能量浓度，可起一定的预防缓解作用。

附原文：

What can be done to control constipation in sows?

Cause: Constipation is a decrease in the frequency and/or amount of defecation accompanied by a prolonged and difficult passage of the stool. When the sow finally defecates, the manure is usually formed into small golf ball-sized portions. Constipation occurs when the sow is dehydrated, manure becomes dry and difficult to pass through the digestive tract. Dehydration is common following farrowing because the sow has lost body water from expulsion of placenta and birth fluids. It takes a few days for a sow to recover the water lost during farrowing and to return to a normal water balance.

Prevention: Provide feed right after farrowing. Feed a laxative several days prior to farrowing.

Treatment: A constipated sow should be exercised for 10-15 minutes, if practical, to encourage movement in the digestive tract. A laxative, such as Epsom salts or potassium chloride, can be given as a topdress （two tablespoons daily） or included in the feed （15-25lbs/ton） to alleviate constipation.

Can sow constipation be controlled by feeding a specific feed ingredient?

Maybe. Results with laxatives are variable. Most of the published research indicates that laxatives do not improve sow reproductive performance.Often sows are constipated because they are not given enough feed during the first few days after farrowing. If sows are constipated, try offering them morefeed after farrowing before adding a laxative to the diet. Also, check that the sows have an ample supply of water.Fibrous feedstuffs or certain chemicals may serve as laxatives. Fibrous feedstuffs such as beet pulp, alfalfa, oats, pysillium, soybean hulls and wheat bran have a high water binding capacity and can act as a laxative. Chemical laxatives include potassium chloride （15 lb/ton）， Epsom salts （30 lb/ton）， and Glauber salts （60 lb/ton）。 These inclusion rates are recommendedwhen sows are fed 4 to 4.5 lb of feed/day. The level can be cut in half when sows are full-fed. Natural laxative feedstuffs are preferred becausemineral salts may alter water balance in the body and irritate the digestive system. Limit the amount of beet pulp, alfalfa, oats and wheat bran in the diet to avoid reducing the energy density of the diet too much.