小猿日报

很多同学问小猿，英语怎么办，这么大的一个问题，你让人家怎么回答的了哦？不说你也懂，语言是需要长期积累的，那貌似一夜之间的茅塞顿开、分数大涨都是之前大量背单词也好、做练习也罢的结果。但是应试嘛，总有一些技巧性的方法，今天就给你们亮一手：快速定位阅读理解。

以下文章不适于用词汇量低于1000或高于6000的高中生，前者再高明的方法也帮不了你，想想吧，能通过连猜带蒙定位到哪里有答案，然后读不懂有答案的文段或选项，多虐心，乖，先去背单词。后者，收下小猿的膝盖，小小年纪就这么高的词汇量，对付高中阅读理解题绰绰有余了，去复习数学吧。

  

……………………小猿出题御用分割线……………………

先放篇文章和题目，高二上学期期末考试的一篇阅读理解文章和题目。 

In the l8th century many foreign visitors came to the Great Pyramid. They were scholars, scientists, historians, explorers, etc. One of the most famous visitors to the Great Pyramid was Napoleon Bonaparte. He went to Egypt in 1798. Besides his army, he took with him engineers, surveyors(测量员) , artists and archeologists(考古学家). They surveyed, explored, and made drawings of the Great Pyramid. Their work was published in many books from 1809 to 1822 by order of Napoleon.

There is an interesting note to this story about Napoleon on his visit to the Great Pyramid. He asked to be left alone in the King's Chamber(国王墓室). When he came out, it was reported that he looked scared. When one of his assistants asked him if he had seen anything strange, he said that he didn't want to talk about it, and that he never wanted it to be mentioned again. Years later, when he was dying in bed, a close friend asked him what really happened in the King's Chamber. He was about to tell him but stopped .Then he shook his head and said, 'No , what's the use? You'd never believe me.' As far as we know, he never told anyone and took the secret to his tomb. It is interesting to note that there is an unproved story that Napoleon had once mentioned that he was given some idea of his destiny(宿命) during his stay in the King's Chamber.

文章共有五道题：

Which of the following did Napoleon NOT take to Egypt?

Which of the following is true according to the passage?

We can infer from the passage that _____.

What does the underlined word 'unproved' in the second paragraph mean?

Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?

现在开始放大招： 

快速定位的三要素：1、预览（题目）；2、概括（文章大意）；3、定位理解。

第一步预览题目

先把五个问题摆上来，第1、2、3均为围绕Napoleon的细节题，第4题为推测题/词义题，第5题是主旨题。为什么要先看题目呢？题目可以帮助你以最快的时间勾勒出这篇文章大概说的有关谁的什么事儿。这篇文章就是有关Napoleon带人去埃及嘛。

第二步说说概括文章大意

概括最简单的方法是，先看题目（如果文章给出题目），再看文章中各段落的首句及最后一句。（注：这些不需要逐字阅读，能捕捉到文章大意即可。）

落实到这篇文章则是，第一段：In the l8th century many foreign visitors came to the Great Pyramid. Their work was published in many books from 1809 to 1822 by order of Napoleon.看到这些其实文章的脉络已经基本清楚了，18世纪很多人去了Great Pyramid，他们出版了一些书。结合我们的第一步，预览题目，我们知道是Napoleon带了一票人去埃及，然后他们把在埃及的工作集结出书了嘛。 

注意，有的同学会说这些句子有单词我不认识，比如Great Pyramid，publish。同学，你听我说，阅读理解考的其中一项技能就是：通过已有词汇量和语法知识推测出生词的意思。更何况你看过题目了嘛，没有考这两个词什么意思啊，Great Pyramid你就当成未知数X，publish就当成一个动词看嘛，原句还提到了books，总能猜个八九不离十吧。

然后看第二段的首句：There is an interesting note to this story about Napoleon on his visit to the Great Pyramid. 第二段讲的事情就很明显了嘛：讲了Napoleon去Great Pyramid（未知数X）的时候发生了一件有趣的事儿。 

预览题目和概括文章大意做完后，其实第1、5题就可以做了。（不用按顺序做题呀喂，尤其细节题，留到后面做效果更好，因为那时候你可以用来定位答案的信息会更多。）

1．Which of the following did Napoleon NOT take to Egypt?

A. Soldiers.

B. Actors.

C. Engineers.

D. Artists.

第1题的定位肯定是在第一段，Napoleon没带谁去埃及？我们要定位到第一段最早出现Napoleon的地方——第一段第三句开始，One of the most famous visitors to the Great Pyramid was Napoleon Bonaparte. （没有答案快速略过）He went to Egypt in1798. Besides his army, he took with himengineers, surveyors(测量员) , artists and archeologists(考古学家).一下子就有答案了嘛，他带了军队、工程师、测量员、艺术家、考古学家，没有带演员。所以第一题选B。

 

下面看第5题：

5 .Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?

A. The Great Pyramid in Egypt

B. Napoleon's discovery about the Pyramid

C. Napoleon and the Great Pyramid

D. What we don't know about the Pyramid

通过第二步概括文章大意，我们能得知这篇文章主要就是讲Napoleon和 Great Pyramid（未知数x）的事情，题目应该有这两个的内容，排除A、D项，那B、C项我们再看，B说Napoleon的发现（有关未知数X的），可是你知道第一段说他带了一票人去，第二段说他在Great Pyramid时一件有趣的事儿，没讲发现嘛。那这题就是C了。当然，保险起见，这种主旨题，我们做完全部题目再来确认一下比较稳妥。

然后我们2、3、4三道题，第4题文章有下划线很好定位，我们先看下。

4. What does the underlined word'unproved' in the second paragraph mean?

A. Widely believed.

B. Famous.

C. Not accepted by anybody.

D. Not for sure.

如果你知道unproved的意思直接就可以做了，如果不知道就看划线部分所在的句子及前后句就好了。

As far as we know, he never told anyone and took the secret to his tomb. It is interesting to note that there is an unproved story that Napoleon had once mentioned that he was given some idea of his destiny(宿命) during his stay in the King's Chamber.

据我们所知，他（Napoleon）没有和别人说过他的秘密。所以说后面说Napoleon提到的这个事儿不是真的嘛。所以第4题只能选D。至于你能不能看懂mention所在的从句以及从句套的从句其实不重要了。

 

同学，到现在为止做这三道题，需要粗扫一遍的卷子有三句，仔细阅读的句子只有四句，后面的两道题虽然是细节题，但你会发现在这七句话中也有相应的答案。我们go on。

 

还剩第2、3题。我们第一步预览题目把这两道定位为细节题，那我们看从哪里定位。

第二题： 

2 . Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. Napoleon was the only person who visited the Pyramid in the 18th century.

B. Napoleon and his people only studied the outside of the Pyramid carefully.

C. Only Napoleon went into the Great Pyramid.

D. No one knows for sure what Napoleon saw in the King's Chamber. 

根据题干我们没办法定位到具体位置，那么看选项再决定哪里定位咯。

A项，文章第一句我读了啊，很多人去的。更何况从第二步概括文章大意中，我们知道他带了一票人去，肯定不对。B、C、D项，通过前两步和第一题我们知道并没有提到相关内容，那么要看第二段，第二段我们从第二句话顺着看，He asked to be left alone in the King's Chamber，说明Napoleon进到了Pyramid，并且还要求留他一个人在里面的。所以没人知道他在the King's Chamber里面看到了什么。所以选D。

 还剩第三题要处理：

3 . We can infer from the passage that_____.

A. Napoleon went to Egypt only for scientific reasons.

B. Napoleon asked to be left alone in the King's Chamber because he had found something strange.

C. Napoleon and his men made some discoveries in the Great Pyramid.

D. Napoleon did see what would happen to him in the future.

依然，从题干中我们得不到信息，那就看选项。剩一道题的时候，应该是我们对文章的脉络和部分细节都比较清楚的时候了。那么可以直接看四个选项中有没有我们已知的信息。 

B项，Napoleon asked to be left alone in the King's Chamber原文的原话，而且做上一道题用到过，返回原文看后面有没有说为什么要求自己在the King's Chamber，顺着这句话往后看两三句就知道并没有。

C项，看着眼熟，是第一段概括全文大意时候看到的句子，返回找原文，由第一段最后两句 “They surveyed, explored, and made drawings of the Great Pyramid. Their work was published in many books from 1809 to 1822 by order of Napoleon.”可知，Napoleon 及随从在金字塔中做研究、拍照，在1809到1822年间他们的成果在很多书上发表，由此推断 Napoleon 在金字塔中做出了很多发现。答案就出来了。

这个时候A、D两项可以不看了。但如果时间还够，我们可以再看一下原文到底怎么说的。

A项，提到的为什么去埃及，定位用的句子都没有介绍，第二段中间部分我们并没有精读，但是可以判断出的是，Napoleon在the King’s Chamber中以及后来发生的事儿，并没有说去埃及的原因，所以原文未提到。

D项，Napoleon did see what would happen to him in the future.记得做第四题我们定位用的一句话As far as we know, he never told any one and took the secret to his tomb. 据我们所知，他（Napoleon）没有和别人说过他的秘密。所以他是不是看到了他的未来我们并不知道。

 

呐，做完了，小猿仔细阅读句子只有五句，快速阅读了四句。你可能说这篇文章简单啊，下次我们来分析一篇高考的阅读理解，这种定位和做题方法，妥妥地放之四海而皆准。

再来重申一遍：1、预览（题目）、2、概括（文章大意）、3、定位理解。

别以为前两步没有用，实际通过上面的做题分析，你可以看到，做完前两步我不但对文章大意有了整体的把握，我还可以开始做题了。

你们现在接触的文章短，也没有太多长难句，高考文章都在350-450个单词左右，大学的四六级考试，再高阶一些需要考托福雅思这类的考试，文章可能在千字左右，还有大量术语或生词，如果通篇读完了做很浪费时间的呀喂，而且读完了也记不住抓不住重点。So，会定位以及带着问题去做题是很重要的。习惯和方法需要现在就开始练习的，不断熟悉和演练才能摸索出最适合自己的方法。