absorb 是典型的一词多义词,其基本义是“吸收”,因吸收的对象不同而衍生出不同含义。为了方便记忆,我们以absorb的基本义“吸收”为根,以其衍生义为枝叶做成语义树,以更好地帮助大家建立基本义与衍生义之间的联系。 在英语词汇学习中给中国学生带来最大困难的是这些出现频率较高、词义较多、用法灵活且与其他词搭配能力强的“高频多义词”(刘润清)。《新高中英语词汇》在处理高频多义词时提倡建立基本义(或词源义)——也称“根义”(通常放在第一层释义) 和衍生义之间的联系,紧紧抓住贯穿始终的基本义,使学生容易理解并记住其他相关义项。这种方法避免了学生死记硬背词汇的各个义项,帮助其轻松攻克高频多义词这一难关,同时还培养学生依据基本义在语境中推测词义的能力。 ● absorb释义 义频较低,可作为熟词生义来记忆,以避免造成阅读理解障碍。 ● absorbed是过去分词形容词,表示人的情感,absorbing是现在分词形容词,则表示物的特征。absorbed和absorbing是interested和interesting所对应的较高级的表达。absorbed在高考中的词频虽不高,但(be) absorbed in在写作中有考查,学生须做到正确输出。 【Exercise】 I. Match the underlined words with their Chinese meanings. __________1. When condors (神鹰) eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large quantities of lead. (2016 北京) __________2. While watching TV, children do not merely absorb words and images (影像). (2015 广东) __________3. The movement and noise of the machines absorbed him completely. __________4. Jump with your knees bent, so they absorb less impact. a. 理解b. 吸收 c. 缓冲d. 吸引 II. Choose the right words to fill in the blanks. (absorbing, absorbed) 1. A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he was __________ in his reading. (2015 福建) 2. Charles C. Mann has produced a book that is attractively written and really __________. III. Translate the sentences into English. 1. 由于专注他的工作,他都没听见有人进来。 2. 她坐在椅子上专注地看书。 Key: I. 1. b 2. a 3. d 4. c II. 1. absorbed 2. absorbing III. 1. Absorbed in his work, he didn’t hear people come in. 2. She sat on the chair, absorbed in her book. |
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