部分否定的七种表示方法 英语中的部分否定往往看起来像是完全否定，其实只是否定了一个群体中的一部分，常用的部分否定表示方法有以下七种： 1. all 的否定式：not all…(或：all…not)表示'并非都……'、'不是所有的都……' Not all men likes football. 不是所有男性都喜欢足球的。 2. both 的否定式：not…both (或：both… not) '并非两个……都……' I don't want both the muffin and the cupcake. 我不是松饼和杯子蛋糕两个都要。 3. every…的否定式：'不是每……都……' Not everyone likes your stupid joke. 不是所有人都喜欢听你的无聊笑话。 This kind of opportunity doesn't come to you everyday. 这样的机会不是每天都有的。 4. always的否定式：'并非总是(并非一直)……' She is not always that moody. 她并非总是这样阴晴不定的。 The weather here is not always this cold anf wet. 这里的天气并非总是这么湿冷的。 5. entirely, altogether, completely 和quite 的否定式：'不完全……'，'并非完全……' Even though he lied to you, it doesn't mean he is entirely unreliable. 虽然他骗过你，但这也不意味着他就完全不可靠了。 What you said was not quite gentleman. 他的话并不十分符合绅士风度。 6. all the time 的否定式：'并非一直……'、'未必老是……' An apprentice doesn't scew things up all the time. 即使是学徒，也未必老是做错事。 7. not…and…的否定式：被否定的往往是and后面的那一部分： I cannot deliver the speech fluently and confidently. 我能流利的演讲，但缺乏一些自信。 His class is not instructive and interesting. 他的课教的很好，但不够有趣。 注意：如果将and 换成or，not 对其后面的两部分就全盘否定了 She is not smart or diligent. 她既不聪明，也不勤奋。 否定形式表示肯定意义 英语中有些句子“貌相”（形式）否定，实则表示肯定的意义，甚至表示非常强烈的肯定意义 1. can / could not...too 表示“无论怎样也不过分”。例如: You cannot be too careful in performing an operation. 做手术时再小心也不为过。 You can't be too careful when it comes to the confidential information of the company. 有关公司机密的事情，再小心也不为过。 2. can / could not...enough意为“无论怎么都不够”,表示强烈的肯定。例如: I couldn't have enough, this cake is so good. 这个蛋糕太好吃了，我怎么都吃不够。 3. nothing but表示“只有,只不过”,含肯定意义。例如: We could do nothing but wait for the ambulence. 我们什么也做不了，只能干等救护车。 She had nothing but an apple. 她只吃了一个苹果。 4. never too...to是对too...to的再否定，表示肯定 It's never too late to go for your dream. 追求梦想永远都不晚。 It is never too late to show your love to your parents. 向父母表达爱意，永远都不迟。 5. not … without … 没有……就没有；在这个句型中，使用两个否定，用来加强语气，表示肯定意义 I could not have pass the examination without your help. 没有你的帮助，我不可能通过考试。 All the living beings could not survive without water. 没有水，地球上的所有生物都无法生存。 6. nothing if not表示“极其”,含强烈的肯定意义 She was nothing if not pretty. 她很漂亮。 The movie is nothing but not moving. 电影非常感人。 7. nothing less than表示“完全是”，“就是”，有肯定的含义 What he did was nothing less than total irresponsibility. 他的所作所为就是不负责任。 8. too...not to表示“太……不会不……”,具有肯定意义 Her idea is too outstanding not to be noticed by others. 她的想法太标新立异了，其他人不会没有注意到。 He is too loyal not to tell his boss. 他太忠诚了，不会不告诉他老板的。 注意：若把否定词放到前面not too … to，表示“这并不太……所以能” He is not too stupid to be qualified for the job. 他没那么笨，能胜任这份工作的。 9. no的否定意义很强，和具有否定意义的名词连用,来表示强烈的肯定 Don't you lie to me, I am no fool. 别对我撒谎，我不是傻子。 There is no question that the criminal has already left the country. 毫无疑问的是，罪犯肯定已经潜逃出国了。 10. 双重否定表示强烈的肯定：否定＋否定=肯定，加强句子的肯定语气，这样的双重否定句被称之为肯定型双重否定句 Nobody had no injuries. = Everyone has some injuries. 每个人都受了伤。 I could talk to her without having a heart attack. 每次跟她说话，都气的我要心脏病发。 否定转移 否定的转移是指英语否定句在句中某一部分（常在谓语部分），但在语义上却是否定另一部分的现象 翻译这类句子时不要单纯依赖语法分析，而应从语义上分析，根据上下文理解句意 1. 否定形式在表示“看法”的谓语动词上，语义上却是否定后面的宾语从句。此类动词有：think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, anticipate, fancy, consider, find (感到), guess, be supposed to, calculate, figure, reckon等 I don't think we have met before. 我觉得我之前没有见过你。 I don't find the movie is interesting. 我觉得那部电影很无趣。 He doesn't expect that we would come this early. 他没想到我们会来的这么早。 2. 否定形式在表示“感觉”的谓语动词上，语义上却否定表语部分。此类动词有：appear, seem, feel, sound, taste, smell, as if，feel / look / sound as if, feel / look like等 It doesn't appear that he'd care. 感觉他并不关心这件事。 I don't feel very well, maybe I should go to the hospital. 我感觉不太舒服，可能应该去医院看看。 Doctor Lee suggests you stay in the hospital tonight, that doesn't sound good. 李医生建议你今晚留院观察，这听起来不太妙。 3. seem, prove, happen 与不定式构成复合谓语，形式上否定谓语，语义上否定不定式 Your testimony doesn’t seem to be true. (seem not to be …) 你的证词似乎作假。 Mary doens't seem to like you. （＝Mary seems not to like you．）玛丽看来不喜欢你。 4. pretend , remember 的宾语为非谓语动词时，形式上否定谓语，语义上否定宾语。 She didn’t pretend to see me in the coffee house. (pretend not to see … ) 她在咖啡馆假装没看见我。 I couldn't recall putting your keys on the table. 我不记得把你的钥匙放在桌子上了。 5. 形式上否定谓语，语义上否定宾语补足语 We don't consider self-defense to be murder. 我们认为自卫不算故意伤人。 I don't find English diffcult. 我觉得英语不难。 6. 在“It is / was likely / probably 从句”中，形式上否定谓语，语义上否定从句 It isn't likely that the plane will leave on time. 看来飞机不会准时起飞了。 7. 形式上否定谓语，语义上否定状语或状语从句 Don't judge a book by its cover. 不要以貌取人。 Don't read in bed. 不要在床上看书。 Let's not jump into any conclusion. 我们不要急着下结论。 8. 表示信念、看法、愿望的名词充当主语从句的表语时，形式上否定谓语，语义上否定主语从句。这类词有：hope, thought, view, opinion , wish, expectation, belief, plan 等 It's not my plan to leave you alone at home. 我没打算把你一个人留在家里。 It is not my opinion that you spend much time on computer games. (do not spend … ) 我的看法是你不要花太多时间玩电脑游戏。 9. 含有全体意义的代词和副词作主语或宾语时，形式上否定谓语，语义上否定主语或宾语，表示部分否定。这类词有：all, both, every, everybody, everything, everywhere, always, altogether, entirely等 All that glitters is not gold. 发光的不总是金子。 All the girls doesn't like the fancy dresses. 不是所有女孩都喜欢漂亮衣服。 Both her parents left down. (Not both her parents...) 不是她的父母二人都离开了这里。 10. '否定主句 肯定式方式从句' 中，主句和从句意思正好相反 Whales are not fish, as many people expect. 鲸不是鱼，而许多人却认为鲸是鱼。 其实，否定形式的特殊用法大多是一些固定表达，大家可以在理解这一类表达的套路之后，直接把它们背下来 从此以后阅读完型的陷阱也再也不怕
|
