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中考英语 最后一周押题第二天 动词及短语,非谓语,被动语态

 郑公书馆298 2016-12-18

中考英语  最后一周押题第二天 动词及短语,非谓语,被动语态

申申老师2016中考英语最后一周押题第二天

(动词,动词短语,被动语态及非谓语动词考点)

接第一天

压轴必考考点三动词词义辨析及动词常考短语(一定要看哦)申申老师必出精品

一、对表示状态变化的系动词的考查

英语中常见的表示状态变化的系动词有 get , turn , go(变坏) , come (成为),become 等。

【例】--I am getting ___each month. I can't put on my jeans. --I'm afraid you have to take exercise every day. [河南省]A. heavy B. heavier C. the heavier D. the heaviest[答案]B。

[解析]由上下文句子含义可知,本题考查形容词的比较级。

申申老师补充:系动词的用法常见的系动词有四个“起来”(smelllooktastesound),四个“变得”(turngrowbecomeget)以及feelbe, keep ,stay(保持)等。

一句话总结:这些动词做系动词使用时后面要接形容词。

二、对表示状态存在的系动词的考查

常见的有 be, , look, feel, smell, sound, keep, stay, (处于某种状态)

【例】Carl felt _______because he won the first prize in the school singing competition. [安徽省]

A. interested B. proud C. angry D. worried[答案]B 。

[解析]考查形容词词义。根据句意“获奖是值得高兴、自豪的事情”,应选proud。

三、对动词的考查(解这类题一定要注意动词词义的辨析,和固定的用法)

【例1】I am sure that he is________ a lie. [广东省]

A. saying B. talking C. speaking D. telling[答案]D。

[解析]本题考查四个“说”动词的区别say强调说话的内容;talk为不及物动词,意为“交谈”talk to /with sb, talk about sth;speak后接某种语言时为及物动词,作“说话,发言”讲时为不及物动词;tell为及物动词,当“告诉,讲,说” 等,经常和story,lie等连用,构成“讲故事”、“说谎”等短语

【例2】How long does it __________ you to wash all the dishes? [成都市]

A. take B. use C. spend[答案]A。

[解析]本题考查词义辨析。“干某事用了某人多少时间” 用spend或take。而spend主语必须是人根据it takes sb some time to do sth结构可知应选A。

【例3】In the 49 world Table Tennis Championship(锦标赛),Wang Liqin________ Ma Linand ________the champion(冠军)of the Men's Singles.[芜湖市]

A.beat; beat B. won;won C beat; won D.won; beat[答案]C。

[解析]考查易混词的辨析 动词beat后跟人或球队等,而win后则跟比赛、奖项等。

【例4】一why do Chinese people like red?

——Because they think it can __________them good luck.[浙江省]

A.carry B. bring C. make D.take[答案]B。

[解析]考查carry,take与bring的区别carry搬,携带;bring带来;make制作,使;take带走,由句意“因为他们认为它能给他们带来幸运”,故选bring。

四、对动词词组的考查(啥也不说了,在跟着我刷一遍下面的短语吧)

你可以这样刷,就是按照后面的小词刷

1)动词+away构成的短语有:

throw away扔掉;put away把……收拾好;give away捐赠;carry away运走;

2)动词+for构成的短语有:

answer for负责;provide for供养;call for要求;plan for打算,为……计划;hope for希望,期待;ask for请求,需要;send for派人去请; pay for偿还;wait for等待;look for寻找等。

3)动词+on构成的短语有:

Try on试穿,试验;put on穿上,上演;have on穿着,戴着;;hold on不挂断;carry on继续开展;keep on继续;go on继续;get on上(车、船);come on赶快等。

4)动词+over构成的短语有:

go over仔细检查,复习;get over克服,恢复;look over检查;

5)动词+up构成的短语有:

bring up抚育,培养;call up召唤,打电话给; cut up切碎:fix up. 修理;give up放弃;go up上升,增长;grow up长大;look up尊敬;向上看;查寻;make up虚构;弥补,组成;put up举起,搭建;pick up捡起,(开车)接某人,偶然得到;set up建立,创(纪录);send up发射;show up露面;turn up出现,把……调高一点;’take up占据等。

6)动词+out构成的短语有:

go out熄灭;look out当心; put out扑灭,生产;hand out分发; find out找出,发现;speak out大声地说出;;work out计算出,解决

2.同一个动词。后面加上不同的小品词(即介词或副词)

你也可以这样刷,就是按照前面的动词刷

(下面的短语我只保留了我个人认为能考的,其他不怎么考的我直接去掉了)

1break down发生故障, break out爆发;

2bring up培养,养育

3call up给某人打电话

4come from;来自于……;come across偶遇;

5cut off切断;cut up切碎,;cut down砍倒,削减等等;cut out切掉,

6get through,打通(电话);;get on进展,融洽相处;g get along进展,融洽相处;

7give up放弃;give in屈服,投降;give away赠送,捐赠;

8go by过去,流逝;go down下降;go up上升; go over复习,温习;

9look after照顾,照料; look at看;look for寻找;look into调查;look out当心;。

10take off “脱下;起飞”;take away是“带走,拿走”

11)turn down调低,关小turn off关掉;turn on打开;turn to求助于;turn up调高,出现等。

12put off迟,拖延;put on穿上,戴上,增加,上演, put up举起,张贴等。

The twins are talking about the book Who Moved My Cheese. It's fun to ___________them. [昆明市]A. join B. join in C. take part in D. enter[答案]A。

[解析]本题考查了四个动词(组)的辨析。 动词join多指加入某一组织;join in参加某个活动;take part in指参加某一活动,并在其中发挥作用;enter指进入某一地方或领域。由句意可知,这儿指加入到某一行列中,所以正确答案为A项。

中考英语  最后一周押题第二天 动词及短语,非谓语,被动语态

申申老师2016中考英语最后一周押题第二天

必考考点四非谓语动词(一定要看哦)申申老师必出精品

一、考查非谓语动词用作主语不定式或动名词用作主语,而分词不能担任句子中的主语。

【例】It's very nice_pictures for me. [天津]

A. of you to draw B. for you to draw C. for you drawing D. of you drawing[答案]:A。

[解析]考查It's+形容词+of/for sb. +to do sth.句中it为形式主语,to do是真正的主语,当形容词是表示品质意思时,应该用of sb.,其他形容词用for sb.,故此题答案为A。

二、考查非谓语动词用作宾语

【例1】一It's a bit cold Would you mind my ______all the windows?

A.close B will close C.closing D.to close [答案]C

[解析]动词mind意为“介意”,后跟动词时,应使用ing形式。

【例2】---Mr. Wang,I have trouble _______the text.一Remember ____it three times at least.

A.to understand;reading B understanding;reading

C understanding;to read D.to understand;to read at night.

[答案]C [解析]have trouble doing something意为“做某事有困难”,所以答案在B与C中。remember to do something意为“记得(去)做某事”,remember doing something意为“记得做过某事”,由对话的语境可知,前者正确。

【例3】--How are you feeling here?--It's quite hot. I don't know_ to go or stay. [武汉]

A. how B. when C. whether D. where

[答案]:C。[解析]考查“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法。根据句意“我不知道是走还是留下来。”故选C。

【例4】Many people think it's very important_us_learn English well. [贵阳]

A. for, to B. to, to C. with, for

[答案]:A。[解析]考查“主语+feel/think/ make/ find +it +adj. +for sb. +to do sth.句中it为形式宾语,to do是真正的宾语,”故此题答案为A。

【例5】The menu has so many good things! I can’t decide__________.[河北]

A. what to eat B. how to eat C. where to eat D. when to eat

[答案]:A 。[解析] 考查“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法。根据句意“我不能决定吃什么。”故选A。

【例6】It took my daughter two weeks ________the novels _______by Yand Hongying.[潍坊]

A. read; written B. to read; written C. reading; to write D. to read; wrote

[答案]:B。[解析] It takes +sb.+some time +to do sth.表示花费多长时间做某事,novel与write的关系是动宾关系,应用过去分词,表示被动。故答案为B。

【例7】China will spend about 52 billion yuan ____new airports and __old ones in the west of China in the 11th Five-Year Plan period(时期).[07临沂市]

A.repairing; building B to build;repair C.building;repairing D.to repair;build

[答案]C[解析]本题主要是考查动词spend的用法。spend...doing something意为“花费……做某事”,由此可排除B、D两项。再从句意上看,应是“修建”新机场,“维修”旧机场。

【例8】students should pay attention to ____the teacher in class.[07泰州市]

A.hear B1istento C listening to D hearing of

[答案]C[解析]本题考查了介词后跟动词的情况。 pay attention to意为“注意”,其中to是介词,所以后面的动词应使用动名词形式。hear of意为“听说”,与句意不符。

三、考查非谓语动词用作宾语补足语

原则上,所有的非谓语动词形式均可用作宾语补足语,其区别是:不定式表未来,现在分词表进行,过去分词表完成和被动。

【例1】Alice asked me _another bag for her. [北京市课标卷]

A. get B. got C. to get D. getting

[答案]:C。[解析] ask sb.to do sth.表示让某人做某事,此句话的意思为:“爱丽丝叫我给她再带一个包。”

【例2】Our parents often tell us not_alone in the river in summer. [长沙]

A. swim B. to swim C. swimming

[答案]:B。[解析]考查动词不定式作宾语补足语的用法。tell sb.to do sth.表示告诉某人做某事,tell后边要加不定式,否定形式是在to前面加not,根据题意,应选B。

【例3】Betty is often seen _______the old man with his housework.[咸宁]

A. help B. to help C. helped D. helps

[答案]:B。[解析]考查感官动词后接动词不定式的用法。在make, let, have等使役动词和see, watch, notice, hear, listen to,look at,feel等感官动词后的复合宾语中,动词不定式不带to。当使役动词和感官动词变为被动语态时,不定式就成了主语补语,作主语补语的不定式必须加to。故选B。

【例4】Time goes by so fast. We must never miss the chance to show love for our parents and make them ____ how much they mean to us. [哈尔滨]

A. to know B. knowing C. know

[答案]:C。[解析]考查动词不定式作宾语补足语的用法。make sb. do sth. 表示“使某人……”,故选C。

四、考查非谓语动词用作状语

【考例】--Linda, I am very thirsty. --Let's go to the nearest supermarket_me drinks, OK? [重庆]A. buy B. bought C. to buy D. buying

[答案]:C。[解析]考查不定式作目的状语的用法。句意为:“咱们去最近的超级市场买些饮料。”

【例】In order _____the word a friendly place, one must show a friendly face.[乐山]

A. makes B. making C. to make D. make

[答案]:C。[解析]考查动词不定式作目的状语的特殊结构。in order to do sth.表示“为了……”的意思,不定式作目的状语。故选C。

【例】一There goes the bell.

一It's time for class. Let's stop_____.[福州市]

A. talk B to talk C.talking D.not talk

[答案]C[解析] 动词stop后既可接动词不定式作宾语,即:stop to do sth,也可以接动词的一ing形式作定语,即:stop doing sth。前者表示停下来(开始)做后面的动作,后者表示停止当前的动作。由语境“铃响了,到了上课时间,应停止交谈”可知,应选C项。

中考英语  最后一周押题第二天 动词及短语,非谓语,被动语态

申申老师2016中考英语最后一周押题第二天

必考考点五被动语态(一定要看哦)申申老师必出精品

【考点诠释】

一、各种时态的被动语态

1.一般现在时

一般现在时的被动语态由"am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词(+by+实施者)”构成。

【例1】The 01ympk Games ______every four years. [北京市]

A are held B were held C.are holding D.will ho1d

[答案]A 。[解析]考查被动语态,根据句意,“奥运会每四年举行一次”可见须用一般现在时的被动语态,故排除了B、C、D。

【例2】In the art show,a lot of enjoyment __to foreign friends by the Chinese paintings.[沈阳市]A. is giving B is given C will give D has given

[答案]B。[解析]本题考查被动语态,句中a lot of enjoyment是动作的承受者。“在这次艺术展中,一些有趣的东西通过中国国画展示给外国朋友。”

2.一般过去时

一般过去时的被动语态由“was/were+及物动词的过去分词(+by+实施者)”构成。

【例1】一Did you hear that water in Tai Lake smelt terrible?

一Yes.In fact,it ____.That's all because of the people and the factories around.[黄冈市]

A. polluted B was polluted C has polluted D.was po11ute

[答案]B。[解析]考查被动语态。物作主语,一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性,不能用被动语态。

【例2】We ____into five groups to go to the old people's home. We did many things to cheer them up. [太原市]

A. divided B. are divided C. were divided

[答案]C。[解析]本题主要考查被动语态的用法。根据句意及语境可推知空格处应用被动语态的形式。由后一句"We did many things.”可推断,时态应该是一般过去时。因此选C。

3.一般将来时

一般将来时的被动语态由“will/shall be+及物动词的过去分词(+by+实施者)或am/is/are going to be+及物动词的过去分词(+by+实施者)”构成;

【例】Some famous paintings ______in the hall next week. [广东省]

A. will show B. were shown C. is shown D. will be shown

[答案]D。[解析] 本题综合考查时态和语态。主语为“一些名画”,在此为动作“展出”的承受者,故应用被动语态,时间状语为next week,是表示将来的时间状语,所以句子时态是一般将来时,所以D项正确。

4.现在完成时

现在完成时的被动语态由“has/have been+及物动词的过去分词(+by+实施者)”构成。

【例】---Great changes have taken place in this city.

---Right. Many modern tall buildings have been ______ these days. (武汉市)B

A. turned up B. put up C. shown up D. fixed up

5.含有情态动词的被动结构

Twelve-year-olds should not _to drive inChina. [兰州]

A. allow B. be allow C. allowed D. be allowed

答案:D。情态动词用于被动结构为:情态动词+be+过去分词。

6 现在进行时被动语态 is /are + being+过去分词

Another bridge is being built now.

7过去进行时被动语态 was /were +being+过去分词

The trees were being planted here this time last year.

全文结束,以上内容都是我认为在考试过程中将会出现的重点及难点。

多看例题自然就会掌握相关内容。

有问题请留言。喜欢的请点赞,真的需要大家的鼓励和支持,请转发。谢谢大家。

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