刀路优化，得到的不仅仅是颜值 2016-12-17 Liew CNC数控编程智造 CNC数控编程智造 CNC150421578 资源共享，智能制造。致力于打造一个数控编程行业爱好者的交流平台，积极推广数控编程技术，让每一位数控爱好者学会编程，期待您的加入。 当你点开这篇文章的时候，我们已经上路了........ What are you waiting for ?  ——CNC数控编程智造—— 一个数控达人聚焦的平台 1MasterCAM Refine Toolpath 3D 刀路优化 Refine Toolpath 3D刀路优化Available only if the 3D Advanced Toolpath Refinement feature is activated for your Mastercam configuration. 需要启用3D刀路优化功能。 Opens the Refine Toolpaths dialog box where you set additional parameters to filter and smooth toolpath motion within the specified total toolpath tolerance .在指定的整体公差内，用刀路优化功能（Refine Toolpaths），过滤、圆滑刀路。 Note: To activate the 3D Advanced Toolpath Refinement feature, choose a 3D surface or high speed surface toolpath. Then choose the appropriate option in the 3D Advanced Toolpath Refinement Feature dialog box. 说明：启用3D刀路优化功能，在曲面加工刀路及高速曲面加工刀路中选择优化选项（Toolpath Refine），并设置相关参数。首次启用时，弹出以下对话框： If the dialog box does not display when you select the toolpath type, run the Mastercam applet to enable it, or contact your local Mastercam Reseller for assistance. 如未出现以上提示，运行MC控制面板启用3D刀路优化。 Refine Toolpath dialog box 3D刀路优化对话框 How do I get here? 3D刀路优化对话框在哪？ Choose a 3D surface toolpath or a surface high speed toolpath from the Mastercam Toolpath menu or toolbar. Then choose one of the following actions based on your toolpath selection: 从刀具路径中选择曲面刀路或HST刀路，不同风格（Tab页风格与设计树）刀路选项不同 For tree-style toolpaths: 设计树风格? Choose the Arc Filter/Tolerance page. 选择圆弧过滤/公差? Enter a Total tolerance value. 输入整体公差? Then click the Refine Toolpath button. 然后点击优化按钮 For tab-style toolpaths: Tab页风格? Choose the toolpath's parameters tab (for example, Rough radial parameters or Finish project parameters)。选择刀具参数项(如，放射状粗加工刀路或投影精加工刀路均为TAB风格)? Enter a Total tolerance value. 输入整体公差? Then click the Total tolerance button. 然后点击整体公差按钮。 Note: To access the Refine Toolpath dialog box, the 3D Advanced Toolpath Refinement feature must first be activated for your Mastercam configuration. To activate the feature,run the Mastercam applet and enable it, or contact your local Mastercam Reseller for assistance.说明：启用3D刀路优化，从MC控制面板应用程序选择开启，或咨询软件代理商如何开启。 Refine Toolpath dialog box 3D刀路优化对话框 Use this dialog box to refine Mastercam's 3D surface and high speed surface toolpaths, reducing machining time and improving machined surface quality. Mastercam uses the values you enter here to convert the toolpath—originally created using G1, G2, G3 motions—to a refined set of 'smoothed' G1 motions wherever possible, and within the tolerances you specify.3D曲面刀路HST刀路应用优化功能，能节约循环时间提高加工质量，其功能是在指定的整体公差内，使用G1 G2 G3过滤源路径，并可平滑线性插补。
使用偏好设置中滑块向导自动分配公差值，再设置其它参数值... （下续）。 When you choose specific combinations of preferred NC program length,surface quality smoothness, and toolpath calculation time, Mastercam updates the settings in the dialog box with optimal values based on your selections. You may also manually enter values to fine-tune the settings. The Tolerances Distribution fields display the total tolerance you defined for the toolpath and the formula used. Use the sliders between fields to allocate fixed percentages of cut, line/arc filtering, and smoothing tolerances in 5% increments. Or, enter specific percentages directly in the fields. Then use the additional Line/Arc Filtering Settings and Smoothing Settings to further refine the toolpath. Click the text below to see filtering and smoothing examples. To learn more about the other options on this page, click the 'Field definitions' tab above .从偏好设置中综合程序长度、加工质量、计算时间配置滑块控件，对话框中公差参数值将自动更新，优化数据也可以手动输入。公差分配栏显示整体公差值及其组成计算公式，使用滑块调节分配切削、过滤、平滑各自公差百分比，调节当量为5%，或直接在其字段中输入百分比值。然后，设置其它参数优化刀路，见图示说明。对话框各字段定义后续详细说明。 Line / Arc Filtering 线性/圆弧过滤 When you activate line and arc filtering, Mastercam replaces very small moves within the defined line/arc filter tolerance with larger ones wherever possible. 启用线性/圆弧过滤，过滤细微线段为单一线段、用圆弧插补过滤逼近圆弧的线性插补。（算法如图）。
You can apply the same maximum line and arc tolerance value to lines and arcs, or choose to tighten the tolerance more for lines or arcs as required by your application. Line/arc filtering significantly reduces the number of NC-blocks in the post, and may improve the machined precision of the part as well as its surface quality. 线性和圆弧过滤公差，应用时两者公差可设置相同，也可单独进一步约束，其过滤意义在缩短程式长度和改善曲面加工质量。 Important Guidelines for Using Line/Arc Filtering 线性/圆弧过滤使用要点 When to use Line/Arc Filtering何时应用线性/圆弧过滤 1.In 3D surface machining, line/arc filtering works best for “kinematic” surfaces such as planes, cylinders, cones, and spheres. 3D曲面加工，如平面、柱面、锥面、球面非自由曲面加工时 2.Line/arc filtering may NOT be suitable for sculptural (free form) surfaces. 自由曲面加工时，线性/圆弧过滤不适用。 What to expect from Line/Arc Filtering什么情况应用线性/圆弧过滤 1.Improved quality of the machined surface. 欲改善表面加工质量 2. Reduced NC program length. 缩短程式长度 Line/Arc Filtering Precautions线性/圆弧过滤使用安全防范 1. May increase 3D surface faceting if applied to sculptural surfaces. To avoid this effect, independently reduce the line filtering tolerance (select Tighten Line filtering tolerance and reduce the percentage allocation), or turn off the line/arc filter by deselecting the Line/Arc Filtering Settings checkbox. 对于自由曲面，可能增大曲面离散度，为避免影响，需再进一步约束线性过滤公差（选择进一步约束线性过滤公差），或直接关闭线性/圆弧过滤公差设置项。 2. In the post processor, avoid using the Radius method of defining arcs (format: G2/3 X…Y...R…). Radius arc definitions may produce gouges on surfaces when the central angle of an arc is close to 180 angle degrees. To prevent this problem, use a different method of defining arcs in the post processor, such as the IJK method (format: G2/3 X…Y…I…J…). 后处理时，避免使用输出带R的圆弧插补（格式：G02/02 X_Y_R_），R代码在R接近180度时可能导致过切，为避免此问题，后处理使用另外一种格式，即 I_J_K_。 Smoothing平滑 Smoothing improves the quality of the machined surfaces and also creates better cutting conditions for the tools, decreasing tool wear. 平滑刀路可改善曲面加工质量，改善切削条件，减少刀具磨损。 1.Represents a given set of tool motions (unsmoothed).图1未平滑刀路 2.Defines the curve (spline) that is the best fit for this set of points within the defined tolerance.图2指定公差内最佳平滑曲线 3.Shows the smoothed redistribution of points along the curve. (Point density depends on the local curvature.) The following sample images show the surface quality improvements smoothing provides.图3沿平滑曲线重布插补点(插补点的密度由曲率决定)，下图工件平滑后，加工质量明显改善。
Important Guidelines for Using Smoothing 平滑应用要点 When to use Smoothing何时应用刀路平滑 To improve any machined surface quality, especially “free form” surfaces.欲改善加工质量，尤其自由曲面加工。 To speed up the machining process.加速后处理程式 What to expect from Smoothing什么情况下应用刀路平滑 Improved quality of the machined surface in both roughing and finishing by reducing faceting, marks, and other surface machining defects. ?改善粗精加工表面质量，降低插补点离散程度，改善表明纹理等加工不良。 Reduced machining time for NC machines that support 'high speed mode” (where feedrate acceleration is possible).节约循环时间（在高速机加减速允许范围） Reduced tool wear. 减少刀具磨损 Smoothing Precautions 增加程式长度告知 Increased NC program length, especially when Use Fixed Segment Length is activated.增加程式长度，尤其是使用定长分割， 对话框字段释义
My preferences are...偏好设置 To automatically define the total tolerance allocations and other settings, use the 'wizard' slider controls in this section.使用滑块向导自动分配整体公差 When you choose specific combinations of preferred NC program length, surface quality smoothness, and toolpath calculation time, Mastercam updates the settings in the dialog box with optimal values based on your selections.You may also manually enter values to fine-tune the settings.从偏好设置中综合程序长度、加工质量、计算时间配置滑块，对话框中公差参数值将自动更新，优化数据值也可以手动输入。 Tolerances Distribution公差分配 Displays the total tolerance you defined for the toolpath and the formula used.Use the sliders between fields to allocate fixed percentages of cut, line/arc filtering, and smoothing tolerances in 5% increments.Or, enter specific percentages directly in the fields.Note: The total tolerances value is read-only. To change the value, exit the Refine Toolpath dialog box and enter a new Total tolerance for the toolpath. 公差分配栏显示整体公差值及其计算公式，使用滑块调节分配切削、过滤、平滑各自公差百分比，调节当量为5%，或在其字段中直接输入百分比值。然后，使用线性/圆弧过滤和平滑设置优化刀路。此时整体公差数据为只读，要改变整体公差值,退出重设。 Line/Arc Filtering Settings线性/圆弧公差过滤 Select this option to activate Line/Arc filtering for the toolpath and apply the settings you define in this section to the toolpath refinement. See the “About this dialog box” tab of the Refine Toolpath dialog box topic for more information on using line/arc filtering, including examples and guidelines. 启用线性/圆弧过滤并设置相关参数优化刀路，详细说明、要点及注意事项见上文。 Create arcs in XY创建G17平面圆弧 Create arcs in the XY plane. Choose this option if appropriate for your post processor configuration to handle arcs (usually designated as G17 in the NC code). 选择后，在XY平面能后处理成圆弧插补的地方,后处理生成圆弧插补代码。 Create arcs in XZ创建G18平面圆弧 Create arcs in the XZ plane. Choose this option if appropriate for your post processor configuration to handle arcs (usually designated as G18 in the NC code). 选择后，在XZ平面能后处理成圆弧插补的地方,后处理生成圆弧插补代码。 Create arcs in YZ创建G19平面圆弧Create arcs in the YZ plane. Choose this option if appropriate for your post processor configuration to handle arcs (usually designated as G19 in the NC code). 选择后，在YZ平面能后处理成圆弧插补的地方,后处理生成圆弧插补代码。Minimum arc radius最小圆弧半径 Determines the minimum radius of any arc added to the toolpath by the arc filter. If an arc is smaller than the minimum arc radius, Mastercam adds lines to the toolpath in place of the arc. 定义过滤时最小圆弧半径，如路径圆弧小于最小圆弧半径，生成线性差补。Maximum arc radius最大圆弧半径 Determines the maximum radius of any arc added to the toolpath by the filter. If an arc exceeds the maximum arc radius, Mastercam adds lines to the toolpath in place of the arc. 定义过滤时最大圆弧半径，如路径圆弧大于最小圆弧半径，生成线性差补。 One way filtering单向过滤 Filters a toolpath in one direction to avoid small polygonal patterns on the finish that can happen with zigzag filtering. 选择单向过滤，防止往复过滤时刀路出现不规整的细微曲折刀路。 Use maximal tolerance value for both不进一步约束公差 Choose this option to filter lines and arcs with the same tolerance set in the Tolerances Distributionsection Line/Arc filtering tolerancefield. 不进一步约束线性/圆弧插补过滤公差 Tighten Line filtering tolerance进一步约束线性过滤公差 Choose this option to filter lines using only a portion of the total Line/Arc filter tolerance defined in the Tolerances Distribution section.在线性/圆弧过滤公差值基础上进一步约束线性插补过滤公差。 After selecting this option, enter a specific line filtering tolerance value in the field provided. Or, use the slider to specify the percentage of the total Line/Arc filtering tolerance to apply only to lines. The slider and data entry fields are linked, when you modify one, the other updates automatically.选择后键入指定值，或基于线性/圆弧过滤公差值，使用滑块调节百分比。仅约束线性插补过滤公差值。指定值和调节块相关联，两者相互自动更新。 Note: The arc filtering tolerance remains unchanged; it is equal to 100% of theLine/Arc filtering tolerance field in the Tolerances Distribution section. 说明：圆弧插补过滤公差不变，还是等于字段中自动分配的线性/圆弧插补过滤公差值。 Tighten Arc filtering tolerance 进一步约束圆弧过滤公差 Choose this option to filter arcs using only a portion of the total Line/Arc filtering tolerancedefined in the Tolerances Distribution section.在线性/圆弧过滤公差值基础上进一步约束圆弧插补过滤公差。 After selecting this option, enter a specific arc filtering tolerance value in the field provided or use the slider to specify the percentage of the total Line/Arc filter tolerance to apply only to arcs. The slider and data entry fields are linked, when you modify one, the other updates automatically.选择后键入指定值，或基于线性/圆弧过滤公差值，使用滑块调节百分比。仅约束圆弧插补过滤公差值。指定值和调节块相关联，两者相互自动更新。 Note: The line filtering tolerance remains unchanged; it is equal to 100% of theLine/Arc filtering tolerance field in the Tolerances Distribution section. 说明：线性插补过滤公差值不变，还是等于字段中自动分配的线性/圆弧插补过滤公差值。 Smoothing settings平滑设置 Select this option to activate Smoothing for the toolpath and apply the settings defined in this section to the toolpath refinement. See the “About this dialog box” tab of the Refine Toolpath dialog box topic for more information on smoothing, including examples and guidelines. 启用平滑刀路并设置相关参数优化刀路，详细说明、要点及注意事项见上文。Segment length分割段长 Available only when Use fixed segment length is selected. Defines the fixed segment length value Mastercam uses to smooth the toolpath motion. 仅当定长分割启用有效。定义平滑路径定长分割的段长值。 Shift points randomly along toolpath沿路径随机分布节点When selected, Mastercam randomly shifts the node points backwards and forwards along the toolpath (within the specified tolerance). Using this option can help prevent patterns on surfaces machined with parallel toolpaths, eliminating a “wave effect”.在指定公差内，沿路径向前或向后随机切换节点，避免平行铣时出现波纹，消除加工纹理不良。 Below pic to see a machined surface with and without a wave effect.下图图示，有无波纹纹理不良。 Note: Using this method does not significantly increase the NC program length.说明：此加工方法，程序长度变化不明显。 The following examples show the effect of shifting points along a toolpath.下图例，图示节点切换与不切换（左/右）的效果。
Unshifted points (visible patterns) Shifted points (patterns removed) Minimize number of points最小化节点数量 Choose this option to minimize the number of node points in the toolpath by excluding the points that are very close to each other.最小化节点数量选项，消除几乎接近的节点。Present arcs as line segments圆弧插补转线性插补 When selected, Mastercam replaces (interpolates) all arc moves in the toolpath with linear moves.选择，将圆弧插补转换成线性插补。 The following example illustrates the effect of using Present arcs as line segments.下图示，圆弧插补转线性插补效果。
刀路优化：只有更好
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上图为优化前后图示（左/右） To automatically define the total tolerance allocations and other settings, use the 'wizard' slider controls in the My preferences... section.
