文/付建利 付建利老师,多年来在高校及多家知名培训机构从事英语教学工作,出版《英美文学选读考点深度扫描》、《那些你必须知道的英语知识》、《付建利教你品读英文文学名著》、《付建利教你品读英文短篇小说》等书籍。北京人民广播电台英语频道AM774《Ask Me About名师在线》栏目嘉宾,参与主持《阅读style·品读经典名著》、《英语早餐》、《英语PK台》等英语教学节目,常年担任王长喜全国大学英语四六级词汇课程、阅读、写作等课程等主讲,领航考研词汇、写作主讲。中央电视台希望之星英语大奖赛出题人、外语教学与研究出版社特邀英语教学专家。 2016年12月的四六级考试落下了帷幕,虽然从英语测试学角度来看,考试题型、难度与往年保持了一致性,依旧从学生语言能力(linguistic competence)、语言行为(linguistic performance)、交际能力(communicative competence)对学生进行了全面的考察,但结果却是几家欢乐几家愁。特别是阅读板块的词汇理解题,有些同学可以保8成功,有些同学依旧雾里看花。到底是什么原因呢? 自从2008年起,我开始教授四六级,期间经历考试多次改革与迭代,可以说考试体系朝着规范化、系统化、国际化、客观化的方向在发展。例如,四六级的阅读文章大多出自西方主流期刊,其中讨论的话题涉及社会生活方方面面,如:全球气候变暖、女权主义、性别再平衡、少数族裔在社会中的现状、前沿科技发展、文化艺术构建等。可以说,通过阅读,实现了学生视野的扩展和思维的更新。 此外,四六级考试用更加合理的方式,人性化、科学化的考察学生各种英语认知能力和理解能力。例如,在词汇理解这一部分,相信是绝大多数考生最为头痛的题目,不仅考察对单词的识记,更从单词的词性、内涵与外延、句子结构、上下文逻辑等角度综合考察学生英语能力,事实证明,这道题的得分率普遍很低。 在2016年12月考试之前,星火英语邀请我为同学们进行了一次公益讲座,主题定为《三大纪律11大必考》,将我多年在四六级阅读授课中的保8家底讲授给同学们。考试过后,我们做了统计,讲座中所讲授的高难度必丢分内容,均体现在阅读三大板块之中,这使得大家能够在确保中等难度题型不错的前提下,抓到了这些高难度的题目得分,从而实现了词汇理解题的保8任务,为顺利通过考试打下夯实的基础。 现在,我们将2016年12月四级和六级中出现的所有高难度题目进行复现,与之前讲座中的必考项进行匹配,并提供了详细的解析,希望即将参加考试的同学能够认真研读,熟悉这些重点考察项目,并配合习题能够轻松驾驭它们,相信这些内容必将会出现在下次考试之中。 1 of 前后填名词 四级第一套: The researchers gathered 150 years of ocean temperature data in order to get a better (30) picture of heat absorption from surface to seabed. They gathered together temperature readings collected by everything from a 19th century (31) voyage of British naval ships to modern automated ocean probes.
About 35 percent of the heat taken in by the oceans during the industrial era now resides at a (34) depth of more than 700 meters, the researchers found.
四级第二套: While the “average” male and “average” female brains were (30) slightly different, you couldn’t tell it by looking at individual brain scans. Only a small (31) percentage of people had “all-male” or “all-female” characteristics.
2 形容词要看其前后 四级第一套: They say they’re (35) unsure whether the deep-sea warming canceled out warming at the sea’s surface.
四级第二套: Larry Cahill, an American neuroscientist(神经科学家),said the study is an important addition to a growing body of research questioning (32) traditional beliefs about gender and brain function. But he cautioned against concluding from this study that all brains are the same, (33)regardless of gender.
四级第三套: Dog-fighting victims are (27) tortured and killed for profit and “sport,” yet their criminal abusers often receive a (28) minimal sentence for causing a lifetime of pain.
Some progress has been made in the prosecution(起诉) of animal fighters. But federal judges often rely heavily on the U.S. Sentencing Guidelines when they (29) determine penalties, and in the case of animal fighting, those guidelines are outdated and extremely (30) inadequate.
六级第二套: When a tree first starts growing in a certain area, it's likely that the (27) climatic envelope — the temperature, humidity, rainfall patterns and so on — suits it.
六级第三套: Some have (26)vanished from the face of the earth, others are dying slowly, but all have (27) undergone changes as they have come into contact with an (28) expanding machine civilization.
3 名词之后填分词 四级第一套: The extensive data sources, (32) combined with computer simulations(计算机模拟),created a timeline of ocean temperature changes, including cooling from volcanic outbreaks and warming from fossil fuel (33) emissions.
四级第二套: “There’s a mountain of evidence (34) proving their importance of sex influences at all levels of brain function,” he told The Seattle Times.
4 主谓宾, 分词(表结果) 四级第一套: Warming waters are known to (27) contribute to (珊瑚白化) and they take up more space than cooler waters, raising sea (28) levels.
六级第三套: In the 1960s, the United States (31)devoted nearly 17% of discretionary(可酌情支配的)spending to research and development, (32) reaping decades of economic growth.
5 并列用and/but,语法+内涵平行 四级第二套: Daphna Joel, who led the study, said her research found that while there are some gender-based (29) similarities, many different types of brain can’t always be distinguished by gender.
四级第三套: Dog-fighting victims are (27) tortured and killed for profit and “sport,” yet their criminal abusers often receive a (28) minimal sentence for causing a lifetime of pain. Roughly half of all federally-convicted animal fighters only get probation(缓刑).
六级第一套: We need more scientists who can explain what they are doing in language that is (29) convincing and understandable to the public.
综上所述,词汇理解作为阅读题型的一种,重点考察的是单词的含义、用法等。此外,再加上对文章中局部内容的分析,便能够答好。难度并不高,阅读的文字跨度也不大,更谈不上跳跃性阅读。因此,只要将单词背好,语法、句法掌握好,再加上一些做题的规律总结,就能够顺利攻克这道题目。 - END - 在付建利老师微信公众号中,周一至周五每天早上推送《英语知识早7点》节目,讲解语法、词法、句法等内容,完全针对四六级考试设计,希望你能够每天坚持收看学习,不断前进。 知识点讲解 Equal to与equal in表示的含义完全一致吗? ▼ 人生努力 必有回响 ▼ 备战2017年6月四六级试卷已上市 相关推荐 更多新品 |
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