|
八 祈使句 语法串1、祈使句的基本原则是句子以动词原形开始，但有时可加称呼主语 如：Openthe wind, please. Tom, youfeed the bird today, will you? 2、有时为了让语气委婉或表示客气也可在主语前添加一些固定成分 如：Willyou (please) + 动词原形 Would you (please) + 动词原形 3、可以在动词前加do以加强语气。 如：Do write to me as soon as you arrive there. 4、几种特殊情况。 a) Let me try again, will you? b) Let’ssing the English song together, shall we? c) Let ussing the English song , will you? d) Don’t dothat again, will you? e) Don’t dothat again, won’t you? 语法精练： 1. _____ at thedoor before entering, please. A. Knocked B. To knock C. Knocking D. Knock 2.---Tom,you feed the bird today, _____? ---But I fed it yesterday. A. will you B. did you C. can you D. aren’t you 3.---Sorry,Joe, I don’t mean to… ---Don’t call me “Joe”. I’m Mr. Darker to you, and _____you forget it? A. do B.didn’t C. did D. don’t 4.Don’t bediscouraged. _____things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life. A. Taking B.To take C. Take D. Taken 5.Let’s goouting tomorrow since it is Sunday, _____? A. will you B. shall we C. aren’twe D. won’t you 6. Moretime to me, ________________________(我就会出色地完成这项任务).(finish) 7.____________________(不要花你的钱) so fast, oryou’ll end up as a beggar. (spend)
答案：1.A 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.andI’ll finish the task well 7. Don’tspend your money
九 反意疑问句 语法精练：1、陈述部分包含有no, never, hardly, little 等含有否定意义的词时，附加问句用肯定形式（但不包括带有否定的前后缀的词，如 dislike, unfair，useless 等）。 2、陈述句和附加问句的情态动词或助动词一般要保持一致，但也有特殊情况： (1)used to (过去常常) —usedn’t (或 didn’t); have (拥有)—haven’t (或 don’t); have (作表其它意义的行为动词)—don’t; have (构成完成时态) —haven’t; have to (不得不)—don’t: (3) ought to (应该)—oughtn’t; (4) must （必须）—mustn’t; must (必要) —needn’t; must be（表示猜测）--- is/are或 must have done (对过去事情推测)—didn’t; must have done (强调对现在造成影响的动作进行推测)—haven’t; must not (表示禁止)—may。 3、陈述句的主语为名词或代词是，附加问句的主语为相应的人称代词；陈述句的主语为指示代词this、that、不定代词nothing、不定式、动名词或从句时，附加问句的主语为it; 陈述句主语为指示代词 these、those、不定代词 nobody、everybody、 等时，附加问句中用they。 4、陈述部分若为“I / We don’t think(believe, imagine, suppose, expect…) + 宾语从句”时，附加问句的谓语问句的谓语动词和主语应和宾语从句的动词和主语保持一致，且用肯定式。但当陈述部分的主语不是I / We 时，附加问句的构成同普通的反意疑问句。 5、含有强调句型的反意疑问句中，附加问句的主语代词永远是it。 如：Itwas last year that you graduated, wasn’t it? 6、therebe 结构的反意疑问句中的附加问句应由there构成。 如：Thereis something wrong, isn’t there? 7、在口语中，I am 后的附加问句应由 aren’t I构成。 如：I’m late, aren’t I? 8、下列情况属“同向”尾句 Your mother isat home now, is she? So you don’tlike my cooking, don’t you? So you don’tmind my cutting hair short, don’t you? 语法精练： 1. Brian told you that there wasn’t anyone inthe room at that time, _____? A. was there B.wasn’t there C. didn’t he D. did he 2. Mrs. Black doesn’t believe her son is able todesign a digital camera, _____? A. is she B.isn’t she C. does she D. doesn’t she 3. If you want help --- money or anything, letme know, _______ you? A. don’t B. will C. shall D. do 4. The news that they failed their driving testdiscouraged him, _______? A. did they B. didn’t they C. did it D. didn’t it 5. --You haven’t been to Beijing, have you? --______. How I wish to go there! A. Yes, I have B. Yes, I haven’t C. No, Ihave D. No, I haven’t 6. He seldom has lunch at school, _______? A. hasn’t he B. has he C. doesn’the D. does he 7. There used to be a big tree in front of theschool,________? A. didn’t it B. wasn’t there C. wasn’tthere D. didn’t there
答案：1.C2.C 3.B 4.D 5.D 6.D 7.D 十 状语从句复习 语法精讲时间状语从句(Adverbial clause of time) 一、 when 1. When I got to the cinema, the film had been on forfive minutes. 2. When ( I was ) waiting for the bus, I came across myfirst English teacher. 3. Why do you want a new job ______ you’ve got such agood one already? A. that B. where C. which D. when 4. Chocolate, sweets, biscuits and cakes are bad,especially ______ we eat them between meals. A. what B.how C. whether D. when 比较：1. I was wandering through thestreet when I caught sight of a tailor’s shop. 2. I wasjust about to leave the office when suddenly the telephone rang. 3. Ihad just lain down to sleep when there came a knock on the door. 二、while 1. — I’m going to the post office. —___ you’rethere, can you get me some stamps? (‘99) A. As B. While C.Because D. If 2. She thought I was talking about her daughter, ___, infact, I was talking about my daughter. A. whom, B. where C.which D.while 3. Granny often falls asleep while reading. 三、as 1. The milkman whistled as he milked the cow. 2. As the night went on, it became much colder. 四、before 1. He had served in the army for three years before heturned engineer. I’ll do itnow before I forget it. I had known him long before I knew you. It will beseveral days before he returns. Itwasn’t long before he came to his senses. 2. Someonecalled me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up ______ I could answer thephone. (‘2000) A. as B. since C. until D. before 比较： 2.I’d shoot myself before I apologized to him. 我宁死也不向他道歉。 五、since 1.—How longhas the bookshop been in business? —______1982. A. After B. In C.From D.Since 2. —Whatwas the party like? —Wonderful. It’syears ______ I enjoyed myself so much. A. after B. before C. when D. since 六、 once,till, until, after, as soon as, instantly, directly, immediately, the moment,the minute, the instant, no sooner… than…, hardly/ scarcely/ barely… when…whenever, every time, each time, thefirst time, next time, the last time 1.The last time I ______ Jane she ______cotton in the fields. A.had seen; picking B. saw; picked C. had seen; picked D. saw; was picking 2. It is not until 1920 ____ regular radiobroadcasts began. A.while B. which C. that D. since 3. ____ had he completed his selected poemsthan he set out to write his novel. A.No sooner B. Hardly C. Just D. Nearly 4. ____ she learned the news that she wasn’tchosen to play at the concert, she burst out crying and threw her violin ontothe ground. A.At the moment B. The moment C. Shortly as D. In the minute 5. ____ he saw the commander-in-chief didhe take out the drawing of the enemy’s defence works. A.Not until B. It was not until C. It was until D. It wasn’t before 6. —I hope you will be ready to leave ontime. — Don’t worry. I’ll be ready ____ the taxi drives. A. bythe time B. in time for C. at the time of D. until the time when 答案：DCABAA 七、now that 1. ___ you’ve got a chance, you might as well make fulluse of it. A.Now that B. After C.Although D. As soon as 八、as often as 1. As oftenas he comes to town, he drops in on us. 每当他进城时，他总会顺便来看看我们。 九、by the time, 1. We shallhave finished the project by the time he comes back. 2. We hadfinished the task by the time he returned. 地点状语从句 （adverbial clause of place） where, wherever, everywhere, anywhere 1. Where there is a will, there is a way. 2. Everywhere they went, they were kindly received. 3. You should make it a rule to leave things ______ youcan find them again. A. when B. where C.then D. there 4. The famous scientist grew up ______ he was born andin 1930 he came to Shanghai. A. when B. whenever C. where D. wherever 方式状语从句 （Adverbial clause of manner） 一、as 1. Don’t movethe table. Leave it as it is. 2. Theprofessor asked the students to do the experiment as he showed them to. 二、as if, as though 1. When a pencilis partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ______broken. （key:were） 2. He knowsso much about Africa as if he had been there. 原因状语从句 (Adverbial clause of cause) 一、because, since, as, for 1. Mother was worried because little Alice wasill, especially ______ father was away in France. A. as B.that C. during D. if 结果状语从句 (Adverbial clause of result) so that, so…that, such… that, 2. John shut everybody out of the kitchen ______he could prepare his grand surprise for the party. A. which B.when C.so that D. as if 比较： Yao Ming is such a star asis loved by all. 目的状语从句 Adverbial clause of purpose) so that, in order that, that, lest, in case, for fearthat, 3. The driver looked over the engine carefullylest it (should) go wrong on the way.《新英汉》P.728 惟恐车子在路上出毛病，司机仔细检查了发动机。 4. He handled the instrument carefully for fear(that) it should be damaged. 《新英汉》P.448 他小心地摆弄仪器，生怕把它弄坏。 3. Take yourumbrella in case it rains/ should rain. 条件状语从句 (Adverbial clause of condition) if, unless, if only, provided (that), suppose/supposing, on condition that, as long as, so long as, given (that), while,considering 考虑到 1. There will be class struggle whileclasses exist. 只要《新英汉》P.1609 2. Look at thetrouble I’m in! If only I ______ your advice. A. followed B. would follow C. had followed D. should follow 3. The WTO can not live up to its name ______ it does not include a countrythat is home to one fifth of mankind. A. as long as B.while C. if D. even though 4. We should be able to do the job for you, ______ yougive us all the necessary information. A. in case B. provided(that) C. or else D.as if 5. The menwill have to wait all day ______ the doctor works faster. A. if B. unless C. whether D. that 6. Considering he’s only just started, he knowsquite a lot about it. 考虑到 7. Suppose/ Supposing (that) he is absent, shallwe have the meeting? 假若 1. 让步状语从句 (Adverbial clause of concession) though, although, while, even if, even though, in spiteof the fact that, despite the fact that, regardless of the fact that, as, nomatter …, wh-词+ever,whether …or 不管，无论 1. WhileI admit his good points, I can see his shortcomings. 虽然，尽管 2. Youngas/ though he is, he knows a lot. = Though he is very young, he … 3. Childas/ though he is, he knows a lot.= Though he is only a child, he knows quite alot. 4. Try as/though they would, they could not find it out. 5. Keepcalm, whatever happens. 6. Keepcalm, no matter what happens. 7. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome anydifficulty, _____ great it is. A. what B. how C. however D.whatever 8. Whetherhe drives or takes the bus, he will be here on time. 《新英汉》P.1608 9. ______,Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. A. However late is he B. However late he is C. However is he late D. However is he late 10. We’llhave to finish the job, ______. A. long it takes however B. it takes however long C. howeverit takes long D. however long ittakes |
|
|
