StudentNotesLecture9-GrapevineCanopyManagementSlide1Grapevine
canopymanagementCanopy–shoots,leaves,fruit;Figure6.1Favora
blyaffectcanopyProactiveRemedialSlide2Goalofcanopymanagemen
tBalancevegetativeandreproductive(fruiting)growthExcessfoli
ageunnecessarySlide3SpeciesandvarietiesvaryinvigorClimate,
site,andsoilaffectvigorDeep,fertile,highwatercapacityso
ilpromotesvigorExcessivevigor:Longinternodes,largeleaves,s
tronglateralshootdevelopmentFruitandrenewalzonesshadedSlid
e4Excessivevigor:ReducefruitfulnessIncreaseddiseaseDecreasef
ruitcharacterandquality-reducedsolublesolids,phenols,and
pigments;increasedpotassium,pH,andtitratableaciditySlide5S
hallow,infertilesoil,lowwaterholdingcapacityInsufficientvi
gor:Shallow,infertilesoil,lowwaterholdingcapacityShortinte
rnodes,smallleaves,fewlateralsExcessivefruitexposureandov
er-croppingSlide6Canopymicroclimate:Insideversusoutsidecanop
y,Table6.1SunlightTemperatureHumidityWindspeedEvaporativepote
ntialSlide7Sunlight:Leaves90%utilized,10%transmittedCarbohydr
ate(sugar)productionSlide8Temperature:FruitExposuretosunligh
tAdvantageanddisadvantageSlide9Humidityandwindspeed:Leaves
andfruitDryingrateSpraypenetrationbetterSlide10Characteristi
csoftheidealcanopyEightcharacteristics,Table6.2Shootdensi
ty–3to5shootsperfootofrowShootlength–15to20nodesLa
teralshoots–fewtononeSlide11Eightcharacteristicscontinued
:Shootgrowth–littleafterveraisonCanepruningweight-0.2to
0.4poundperfootofcanopyLeafareatofruitweightratio–3
to6squarefeetperpoundCropweighttopruningweightratio–5
to10Slide12Canopytransects(pointquadratanalyses);Figure6
.2,Table6.3MeasureIdealLeaflayers1to2Canopygaps20%Clustere
xposure80%Slide13ExcessivevegetativegrowthProactive:Rootstock
choiceVinespacingTrainingsystemandcanopydivisionSlide14Exce
ssivevegetativegrowthRemedial:Shootthinninganddensitymanipu
lationShootpositioningLeafandlateralshootremoval,Figure6.3
Hedging,Figure6.4SummerpruningSlide15InsufficientvigorProact
ive:SpeciesandvarietyVineyardsiteVinespacingTrainingsystemSlide16InsufficientvigorRemedial:IrrigationFertilizationPestcontrol1 |
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