5.(1)TrellistypeType1-FourArmKniffinItisaquadrilateralca
nesystemwithtwocanesonthetopwireandtwocanesonamid-w
ire.Type2-TheUmbrellaKniffinItisimplementedbytyingthet
runktothebottomwireanddevelopingtherenewalspurzoneatt
hesecondwireorjustbelowthetopwire.Eitherabilateralcan
esystemoraquadrilateralcanesystemisimplemented.Thecanes
startinthespurrenewalzonebythesecondwire,andthenare
drapedoverthetopwireandtieddownatthesecondwire,formin
garchesonbothsidesofthetrunk.Type3-TopWireCordonTwoc
ordonsarelocatedalongthetopwire.Onecordongoestotherig
htofthetrunkandtheothercordongoestotheleftofthetrun
k.Thissystemisoftenusedforvinesthathaveadownwardgrowt
htendencyType4-VerticalShootPositioningExposedFruitingZon
eThetrellisandtrainingsystemthatIrecommendmostoftenis
a9-wireVSPsystem(2)VinetrainingthefirstthreeyearsTime:Ye
ar1------spring,atplantingYear1--------fall,attheendoft
hegrowingseasonYear2--------spring,afterpruningYear2-------
-fall,attheendofthegrowingseasonYear3-------spring,after
pruningFirstYearManagementThevinecanbeleftunpruned,or
prunedtosixtoeightbudsafterplanting.-----strongerthero
otGrowTubesorvinesheltersSecond-YearManagementMaximizingv
egetativegrowthWeedmanagementandnutritionEnsurestraighttr
unksThird-YearManagementThebestcanesareretainedtobethec
ordons.Othercanesarecutbacktorenewalspursorcompletelyr
emoved.(3)Pruningandcanopymanagementofthematurebearingvi
nePurpose---tobalancetheamountofcropproducedtothevine’s
capacitytoripenthecropTimeofPruning-----beprunedthroughou
tthedormantseasonTypesofPruning--------Canepruning/Spurpr
uningCanepruningrequiresthatlong,10-to20-nodefruitingca
nesberetainedforfruiting.Spurpruningutilizesshort,2-to
-6nodecanes(calledspurs)forfruiting.StepsduringtheGrowing
SeasonStep1-ShootThinning(Suckering)Step2-ShootPosition
ingStep3-ClusterThinningStep4-LeafRemoval(Pulling)Step
5-ShootHedgingandSkirtingManagementasusualDelaylargecutsuntilspringDouble-pruneCordonandtrunkrenewal |
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