调用jupyter notebook文件内的函数一种简单方法

拽拽的橡皮擦 2017-05-14

展开全文

python开发环境jupyter notebook良好的交互式和模块化受到很多python开发人员的青睐，但是jupyter notebook是以json格式保存文件内容的，而不是python文件那样的普通格式，所以不能直接被python解析器解析，如何调用.ipynb中的module也成为一个问题。本文介绍一种方法，使得只要在我们的工作目录下放置一个python文件，就可以正常调用其他jupyter notebook文件。

Jupyter Notebook官网介绍了一种简单的方法：http://jupyter-notebook./en/latest/examples/Notebook/Importing%20Notebooks.html

添加jupyter notebook解析文件

首先，创建一个python文件，例如Ipynb_importer.py，代码如下：

import io, os,sys,types
from IPython import get_ipython
from nbformat import read
from IPython.core.interactiveshell import InteractiveShell

class NotebookFinder(object):
    '''Module finder that locates Jupyter Notebooks'''
    def __init__(self):
        self.loaders = {}

    def find_module(self, fullname, path=None):
        nb_path = find_notebook(fullname, path)
        if not nb_path:
            return

        key = path
        if path:
            # lists aren't hashable
            key = os.path.sep.join(path)

        if key not in self.loaders:
            self.loaders[key] = NotebookLoader(path)
        return self.loaders[key]

def find_notebook(fullname, path=None):
    '''find a notebook, given its fully qualified name and an optional path

    This turns 'foo.bar' into 'foo/bar.ipynb'
    and tries turning 'Foo_Bar' into 'Foo Bar' if Foo_Bar
    does not exist.
    '''
    name = fullname.rsplit('.', 1)[-1]
    if not path:
        path = ['']
    for d in path:
        nb_path = os.path.join(d, name   '.ipynb')
        if os.path.isfile(nb_path):
            return nb_path
        # let import Notebook_Name find 'Notebook Name.ipynb'
        nb_path = nb_path.replace('_', ' ')
        if os.path.isfile(nb_path):
            return nb_path

class NotebookLoader(object):
    '''Module Loader for Jupyter Notebooks'''
    def __init__(self, path=None):
        self.shell = InteractiveShell.instance()
        self.path = path

    def load_module(self, fullname):
        '''import a notebook as a module'''
        path = find_notebook(fullname, self.path)

        print ('importing Jupyter notebook from %s' % path)

        # load the notebook object
        with io.open(path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            nb = read(f, 4)


        # create the module and add it to sys.modules
        # if name in sys.modules:
        #    return sys.modules[name]
        mod = types.ModuleType(fullname)
        mod.__file__ = path
        mod.__loader__ = self
        mod.__dict__['get_ipython'] = get_ipython
        sys.modules[fullname] = mod

        # extra work to ensure that magics that would affect the user_ns
        # actually affect the notebook module's ns
        save_user_ns = self.shell.user_ns
        self.shell.user_ns = mod.__dict__

        try:
          for cell in nb.cells:
            if cell.cell_type == 'code':
                # transform the input to executable Python
                code = self.shell.input_transformer_manager.transform_cell(cell.source)
                # run the code in themodule
                exec(code, mod.__dict__)
        finally:
            self.shell.user_ns = save_user_ns
        return mod
sys.meta_path.append(NotebookFinder())