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Question: How am I to get rid of fear, which influences all my activities? 问：我要怎样摆脱恐惧？它影响了我所有的活动。 Krishnamurti: What do we mean by fear? Fear of what? There are various types of fear and we need not analyse every type. But we can see that fear comes into being when our comprehension of relationship is not complete. Relationship is not only between people but between ourselves and nature, between ourselves and property, between ourselves and ideas; as long as that relationship is not fully understood, there must be fear. Life is relationship. To be is to be related and without relationship there is no life. Nothing can exist in isolation; so long as the mind is seeking isolation, there must be fear. Fear is not an abstraction; it exists only in relation to something. 克里希那穆提：你指的恐惧是什么？恐惧什么？有各种各样的恐惧，没必要一一分析。但可以看到，如果没有全面了解关系，就会产生恐惧。并不只是人与人之间才存在关系，还有人与自然、人与财物以及人与观念之间的关系。只要没有全面了解关系，必定就有恐惧。生活即是关系。存在即是进入关系。没有关系，就没有生活。任何东西都无法孤立存在；只要头脑在追求孤立，必然就有恐惧。恐惧不是抽象的东西，它只存在于与事物的联系中。 The question is, how to be rid of fear? First of all, anything that is overcome has to be conquered again and again. No problem can be finally overcome, conquered; it can be understood but not conquered. They are two completely different processes and the conquering process leads to further confusion, further fear. To resist, to dominate, to do battle with a problem or to build a defence against it is only to create further conflict, whereas if we can understand fear, go into it fully step by step, explore the whole content of it, then fear will never return in any form. 问题是，怎样摆脱恐惧？首先，任何被克服的东西，需要一次又一次的克服。没有问题最后是通过克服解决的；问题只能被了解，而不是被克服。它们是截然不同的两种过程。克服的过程，会引起更多的混乱和恐惧。抗拒，控制，与问题交战，抵抗它，这些都只是制造了更多的冲突。然而，如果能了解恐惧，一步一步彻底地探究它，检视它全部的内容，那么恐惧就不会以任何形式死灰复燃。 As I said, fear is not an abstraction; it exists only in relationship. What do we mean by fear? Ultimately we are afraid, are we not?, of not being, of not becoming. Now, when there is fear of not being, of not advancing, or fear of the unknown, of death, can that fear be overcome by determination, by a conclusion, by any choice? Obviously not. Mere suppression, sublimation, or substitution, creates further resistance, does it not? Therefore fear can never be overcome through any form of discipline, through any form of resistance. That fact must be clearly seen, felt and experienced: fear cannot be overcome through any form of defence or resistance nor can there be freedom from fear through the search for an answer or through mere intellectual or verbal explanation. 我说了，恐惧不是抽象的东西，它只存在于关系之中。我们指的恐惧是什么？我们最怕的，就是不存在、不成为什么。如果有这样的恐惧，恐惧不存在、不进步，或恐惧未知，恐惧死亡，那么，可以通过下决心、通过某个结论或任何选择来克服那个恐惧吗？显然不能。只是压抑、升华或替代，会制造更多的障碍，不是吗？因此恐惧永远无法被任何形式的克制、任何形式的抗拒所克服。我们必须清楚地看到、感受到、体验到这个事实：恐惧无法被任何形式的防御或抗拒所克服，寻求一个答案或某个理智的、口头的解释，都不能让你从恐惧中解脱。 Now what are we afraid of? Are we afraid of a fact or of an idea about the fact? Are we afraid of the thing as it is, or are we afraid of what we think it is? Take death, for example. Are we afraid of the fact of death or of the idea of death? The fact is one thing and the idea about the fact is another. Am I afraid of the word 'death' or of the fact itself? Because I am afraid of the word, of the idea, I never understand the fact, I never look at the fact, I am never in direct relation with the fact. It is only when I am in complete communion with the fact that there is no fear. 那么我们恐惧什么？我们恐惧的是一个事实，还是恐惧关于事实的某个观念？我们恐惧的是事物的真相，还是恐惧我们对事物的想法？以死亡为例。我们恐惧的是死亡的事实，还是恐惧关于死亡的观念？事实是一回事，关于事实的观念又是另一回事。我们恐惧死亡这个词，还是恐惧死亡本身？因为我恐惧那个词、那个观念，我就永远不了解那个事实，永远不查看那个事实，永远与那个事实没有直接的联系。只有与那个事实进行充分的交流，才不会有恐惧。 If I am not in communion with the fact, then there is fear, and there is no communion with the fact so long as I have an idea, an opinion, a theory, about the fact, so I have to be very clear whether I am afraid of the word, the idea or of the fact. If I am face to face with the fact, there is nothing to understand about it: the fact is there, and I can deal with it. If I am afraid of the word, then I must understand the word, go into the whole process of what the word, the term, implies. 如果我与事实没有充分交流，就会有恐惧。而且，只要对事实抱有一个观点、一个看法、一个理念，就不存在与事实的交流。所以必须非常清楚，我恐惧的是那个词、那个观念，还是恐惧事实本身。如果我直面事实，就没有什么要了解的：事实就在那里，我可以处理它。如果是恐惧那个词，那就必须了解那个词，探究那个词、那个术语所包含的全部过程。 For example, one is afraid of loneliness, afraid of the ache, the pain of loneliness. Surely that fear exists because one has never really looked at loneliness, one has never been in complete communion with it. The moment one is completely open to the fact of loneliness one can understand what it is, but one has an idea, an opinion about it, based on previous knowledge; it is this idea, opinion, this previous knowledge about the fact, that creates fear. Fear is obviously the outcome of naming, of terming, of projecting a symbol to represent the fact; that is fear is not independent of the word, of the term. 比如，我们恐惧孤独，恐惧疼痛，恐惧孤独的痛苦。显然，那种恐惧的存在，是因为我们从未真正审视过孤独，从未与它进行过充分的交流。一旦对孤独的事实全然开放，就能了解它的真相，但我们对它抱有一个观点、一个看法，那些都是基于以往的知识。正是关于事实的这个观点、看法、以往的知识，制造了恐惧。恐惧显然是命名的结果，是投射某个符号来代表事实的结果。也就是说，恐惧与那个词、那个术语息息相关。 I have a reaction, say, to loneliness; that is I say I am afraid of being nothing. Am I afraid of the fact itself or is that fear awakened because I have previous knowledge of the fact, knowledge being the word, the symbol, the image? How can there be fear of a fact? When I am face to face with a fact, in direct communion with it, I can look at it, observe it; therefore there is no fear of the fact. What causes fear is my apprehension about the fact, what the fact might be or do. 比如，我对孤独抱持一种反应，我说我怕自己一事无成、籍籍无名。我是恐惧事实本身，还是有什么唤醒了那种恐惧，因为我对那个事实抱持以往的知识（知识即那个词、那个符号、那个意象）？怎么可能恐惧一个事实？当我直面事实，与它直接交流，我可以审视它、观察它；因此我所恐惧的不是那个事实。引起恐惧的，是我对那个事实会是什么或会做什么的忧虑。 It is my opinion, my idea, my experience, my knowledge about the fact, that creates fear. So long as there is verbalization of the fact, giving the fact a name and therefore identifying or condemning it, so long as thought is judging the fact as an observer, there must be fear. Thought is the product of the past, it can only exist through verbalization, through symbols, through images; so long as thought is regarding or translating the fact, there must be fear. 对那个事实的看法、观点、经验以及知识，制造了恐惧。只要我们描述事实、命名它并因而认同或谴责它，只要思想作为观察者在判断那个事实，必然就有恐惧。思想是过去的产物，它只能通过语言的描述，通过符号、意象而存在；只要思想在解读或诠释事实，必然就有恐惧。 Thus it is the mind that creates fear, the mind being the process of thinking. Thinking is verbalization. You cannot think without words, without symbols, images; these images, which are the prejudices, the previous knowledge, the apprehensions of the mind, are projected upon the fact, and out of that there arises fear. There is freedom from fear only when the mind is capable of looking at the fact without translating it, without giving it a name, a label. This is quite difficult, because the feelings, the reactions, the anxieties that we have, are promptly identified by the mind and given a word. The feeling of jealousy is identified by that word. 因此，是头脑制造了恐惧。头脑即思考的过程，思考是用语言表述的。不借助词语、符号和意象，你就无法思考。这些意象，即偏见、过往的知识、对头脑的理解，被投射在事实上，恐惧就由此而生。只有头脑能直视事实，不诠释、不命名、不贴标签时，我们才能从恐惧中解脱。这相当困难，因为我们怀有的感觉、反应、焦虑，瞬间会被头脑识别并进行命名。嫉妒的感觉被嫉妒那个词所识别。 Is it possible not to identify a feeling, to look at that feeling without naming it? It is the naming of the feeling that gives it continuity, that gives it strength. The moment you give a name to that which you call fear, you strengthen it; but if you can look at that feeling without terming it, you will see that it withers away. Therefore if one would be completely free of fear it is essential to understand this whole process of terming, of projecting symbols, images, giving names to facts. There can be freedom from fear only when there is self-knowledge. Self-knowledge is the beginning of wisdom, which is the ending of fear. 可不可能不识别感受，只是观察感受却不命名它？对感受的命名，实际上延续并强化了那种感受。一旦命名你称之为恐惧的东西，你就强化了它；但如果能看着那个感受，却不命名它，你就会看到它的凋零。因此，要从恐惧中完全解脱，就必须了解这整个过程——命名，投射符号、意象，给事实命名。只有认识自我，才能从恐惧中解脱。认识自我是智慧的开端，也即恐惧的终结。 The First and Last Freedom, 'On Fear' 《最初和最终的自由》之“论恐惧” 冥思坊2017年会员持续招募中，欢迎感兴趣的朋友 申请加入，详情及加入方式请点击： 了解冥思坊，请点击查看： 本周冥思坊北京读书会，主题：欲望从何而来？ 详情及报名方式请点击：
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