|
Frank Lloyd Wright’s Unity Temple in Oak Park, Illinois (1905–08). THE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART | AVERY ARCHITECTURAL & FINE ARTS LIBRARY, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, NEW YORK CHICAGO HISTORY MUSEUM GETTY IMAGES 赖特于1959年去世后，一则讣告把他描述为：“一位激进的伟大美国建筑家”。 终其一生，赖特都在谴责遍布美国城镇的摩天大楼、杂乱无章的“建筑风景”是一种“对于丑的贪恋”下的产物。 “赖特先生严厉地指责纽约的那些‘裸露着上身’的塔楼”，讣告中还写道，“他厌恶那些钢筋和水泥造就的城市”，“他毫不关心那些‘美式盒状’的房屋建筑”，同时他还表示“它们更多的是禁锢人类精神的‘棺材’，而不是激发灵感的处所。” Frank Lloyd Wright’s Winslow House in River Forest, Illinois (1893–94). THE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART | AVERY ARCHITECTURAL & FINE ARTS LIBRARY, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, NEW YORK) RAYMOND BOYD GETTY IMAGES 而赖特所推崇的是一种被称作“草原建筑”的低矮的，与周围环境相结合统一的风格，虽然这位“傲慢的”建筑师后来拒绝了这个标签。不过这种有机的、颇具功能性的，并且传达着一种低调而庄重的建筑风格，不但能在整个美国“平铺开来”，还重新定义了混凝土建筑的概念。 据不完全统计，在赖特充满争议且极具创造力的一生中，他共设计了1.171座建筑，其中建成的更达511座之多——对这位在人生中经历了许多“动荡”，如家被烧毁、情人及孩子被谋杀、情感纠葛、破产等戏剧性或悲剧性的事件后的建筑师来说，简直可以说是惊人的业绩。 Frank Lloyd Wright’s Darwin Martin House in Buffalo, New York (1903–06). THE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART | AVERY ARCHITECTURAL & FINE ARTS LIBRARY, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, NEW YORK PHOTO 12 GETTY IMAGES 今天，对于一个来自伊利诺州或是芝加哥，想要以建筑为业的人来说，他很容易接触到像流水别墅（Fallingwater）这样的民宅，抑或是像古根海姆博物馆（Guggenheim Museum）这样的“庞然大物”。然而MoMA却把视线放得更宽，即为观者呈现70年间赖特的建筑草图、模型、碎片及他的家具、餐具、织物、画作、照片、剪贴报，甚至一些从未公之于众的档案材料。 Frank Lloyd Wright’s Fallingwater (Kaufmann House) in Mill Run, Pennsylvania (1934–37). THE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART | AVERY ARCHITECTURAL & FINE ARTS LIBRARY, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, NEW YORK RICHARD A. COOKE III GETTY IMAGES Frank Lloyd Wright’s Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York, New York (1943–59). THE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART AVERY ARCHITECTURAL FINE ARTS LIBRARY COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY NEW YORK RAYMOND BOYD GETTY IMAGES Frank Lloyd Wright’s Ennis House in Los Angeles, California (1924–25). THE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART AVERY ARCHITECTURAL FINE ARTS LIBRARY COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY NEW YORK
JIM STEINFELDT GETTY IMAGES
Frank Lloyd Wright’s Jacobs House in Madison, Wisconsin (1936–37). THE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART AVERY ARCHITECTURAL FINE ARTS LIBRARY COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY NEW YORK
CHICAGO HISTORY MUSEUM GETTY IMAGES
Frank Lloyd Wright’s Annunciation Greek Orthodox Church in Wauwatosa, Wisconsin (1955–61). THE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART AVERY ARCHITECTURAL FINE ARTS LIBRARY COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY NEW YORK
RAYMOND BOYD GETTY IMAGES
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT PRESERVATION TRUST GETTY IMAGES
RAYMOND BOYD GETTY IMAGES
LAWRENCE K. HO GETTY IMAGES
TED SOQUI GETTY IMAGES
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT PRESERVATION TRUST GETTY IMAGES
JOHN GRESS GETTY IMAGES
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT PRESERVATION TRUST GETTY IMAGES
UNIVERSALIMAGESGROUP GETTY IMAGES
RAYMOND BOYD GETTY IMAGES
RAYMOND BOYD GETTY IMAGES
CHICAGO HISTORY MUSEUM GETTY IMAGES
BUYENLARGE GETTY IMAGES
CHICAGO HISTORY MUSEUM GETTY IMAGES
DEA / L. ROMANO GETTY IMAGES
THE WASHINGTON POST GETTY IMAGES
THE WASHINGTON POST GETTY IMAGES
BETTMANN GETTY IMAGES
Frank Lloyd Wright’s model for the unfinished St. Mark’s Tower, similar to the final design of the Price Tower. THE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART | AVERY ARCHITECTURAL & FINE ARTS LIBRARY, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, NEW YORK
RAYMOND BOYD GETTY IMAGES
BUYENLARGE GETTY IMAGES
BUYENLARGE GETTY IMAGES
PATRICK GREHAN GETTY IMAGES
BUYENLARGE GETTY IMAGES
BUYENLARGE GETTY IMAGES |
|
|
