10位有可能感染过梅毒的历史名人(下)

3.Shakespeare May Have Quit Writing Due To Syphilis

3.莎士比亚放弃写作源于梅毒

Even though William Shakespeare is one of the most famous writers in history, his life remains a mystery to this day.

虽然威廉·莎士比亚是历史上最为著名的作家之一，但至今，他的生活仍是一个谜。

The little we do know comes from outside records and speculation, but at least one theory could explain why Shakespeare abruptly quit writing and went into retirement. The idea comes from Shakespeare's own handwriting.

我们知道的那一点来自外界的记录和猜测，但至少有一种说法可以解释为什么莎士比亚突然放弃写作，停笔不作。而这种说法的根据则是莎士比亚的笔迹。

At 36, Shakespeare's handwriting, including his signature, became noticeably different, showing evidence of a tremor in his hand. Why would Shakespeare have developed a tremor so early in life?

36岁时，莎士比亚的笔迹，包括他的签名，很明显变得不一样，看出他的手在发抖。为什么莎士比亚这么年轻手就会发抖呢？

In his plays, Shakespeare developed an obsession with syphilis, a disease usually ignored by society at that time.

在他的剧本中，莎士比亚对梅毒——一种当时的社会经常会忽略的的疾病——非常着迷。

As author D.H. Lawrence wrote: "I am convinced that some of Shakespeare's horror and despair, in his tragedies, arose from the shock of his consciousness of syphilis."

恰如作家D.H.劳伦斯所写："我相信，莎士比亚那些暗含在悲剧中的恐惧和绝望都是源自他对梅毒的认知。"

Being involved in the theater, Shakespeare was believed to have had a vigorous sexual appetite, so that's one way he might have become infected. Even gossip from the time said that Shakespeare became involved in a sexual scandal in which he and others caught the illness.

由于混迹于剧院，莎士比亚性欲旺盛，因此，这是他有可能感染梅毒的一种途径。甚至有传言说，莎士比亚卷进了一个性丑闻事件，其中，他和其他人都感染了此病。

At that time, the treatment for syphilis was mercury. Some of the side effects of mercury are psychological changes and the tremors that Shakespeare developed.

那时，治疗梅毒的方法是水银。水银的某些副作用就是心理变化以及莎士比亚表现出来的颤抖。

2.Vincent Van Gogh's Syphilitic Inspirations

2.文森特·梵高的灵感来源于梅毒

Vincent van Gogh is one of the most famous names in the art world, but he suffered a tragically short life of almost constant poverty and depression.

文森特·梵高是艺术世界最著名的人物之一，但是他短暂而又悲惨的一生都在贫困与失意中度过。

However, the genius behind the beautiful art can't be denied. Was van Gogh's art created from the suffering he may have had from syphilis?

然而，不可否认的是，他是美丽艺术世界里的天才。但他的作品有没有可能是因染上梅毒而创作的？

In the 1880s, van Gogh left his childhood home and went to the city of Antwerp in Belgium where he engaged in a libertine lifestyle. There, he started to drink absinthe and regularly hired prostitutes.

在十九世纪八十年代，梵高离开童年时的家，去了比利时的安特卫普市，过着放荡的生活。在那里，他开始喝苦艾酒，定期雇用妓女。

Although he left Antwerp in 1886 to live with his brother in Paris, van Gogh would have a lasting reminder of his time in Belgium: syphilis.

虽然他在1886年离开安特卫普和他哥哥一起住在巴黎，但那段在比利时的日子令他无法忘怀：因为梅毒。

During this time, he started the most productive period of his life, but he also became increasingly plagued with seizures and delusions.

在此期间，他迎来了一生中创作的高峰期，但他经常抽搐和妄想。

In 1888, van Gogh left his brother and in a fit of insanity, famously sliced off his own ear and presented it to a prostitute as a love gift.

1888年，梵高离开他的哥哥。众所周知，他疯狂地切掉自己的耳朵，并作为爱的礼物送给一个妓女。

He was placed in an asylum where he experienced manic episodes, visions, and paranoia.

他被安置在一个精神病院，在这里他经历过躁狂期发作、幻想、妄想。

Throughout all of this, van Gogh's paintings became darker and more bizarre.

经过这一切，梵高的画越来越黑暗奇怪。

In 1889, he checked himself into an asylum in Saint Remy where he seemed to partially recover. He made some of his best paintings there.

1889年，他住进了圣瑞米的精神病院，他在那似乎好了一些。他最好的画作便是在那儿创造的。

In 1890, he checked out of the asylum, although he was still mentally unbalanced. Things seemed to be looking up for van Gogh as critics started to recognize his work.

1890年，尽管梵高的精神疾病没有完全康复，但他还是离开了精神病院。那时评论家开始注意到他的作品，这对梵高来说是"柳暗花明又一村"。

However, van Gogh went to a field and shot himself. He died two days later on July 27, 1890.

然而，梵高还是跑到一片麦田里，向自己扣动了扳机。两天后，这颗耀眼的明星陨落，时间是1890年7月27日。

Some people still believe that it was the effects of syphilis that caused van Gogh to kill himself.

一些人仍认为梵高因为梅毒的影响而自杀。

Others believe that other mental illnesses may have caused van Gogh's madness, although syphilis is believed to have had a major effect on his life.

虽然梅毒对他的生活产生了最大的影响，但也有人认为其他精神疾病也可能造成梵高的疯狂。

1.Oscar Wilde Died Insane With Syphilis

1.奥斯卡·王尔德死于梅毒

For a time, Oscar Wilde was one of the biggest celebrities of 19th-century England with his sharp wit, whimsical behavior, and curious personality.

有一段时间，奥斯卡·王尔德因为其聪慧，行为古怪，特立独行而成为英国19世纪最大的名人之一。

Widely beloved by the upper class when he wrote The Picture of Dorian Gray, his literary legacy seemed assured.

他在写《道林·格雷的画像》时，受到上层阶级的广泛爱戴，他的文学作品似乎也有了一席之地。

However, a shocking scandal and a sensational trial ruined Wilde. As a final blow, he may have contracted syphilis, which could have affected his mind.

然而，一个令人震惊的丑闻，一场轰动的审判毁了王尔德。他可能已经感染了梅毒，也就是这最后的一击，影响了他的想法。

Researcher Richard Ellmann believes that Wilde contracted the disease after a youthful escapade with a prostitute in 1878.

研究院理查德·艾尔曼认为王尔德在1878年和一个年轻妓女的发生越轨行为后便感染上梅毒。

However, descendants of the Wilde family have disagreed, stating that he didn't have syphilis. The problem is that there is some evidence that he did have the disease.

然而，王尔德家族的后裔否认说他没有梅毒。问题是，有证据表明他已感染了该病。

As early as 1912, biographers claimed that Wilde had syphilis.

早在1912，传记作者声称王尔德感染了梅毒。

Reginald Turner, Wilde's only friend who remained with him during the last weeks before his death, had this to say about Wilde's illness: "The disease was only shortly before his death diagnosed as a tertiary symptom of an infection he had contracted when he was 20."

雷金纳德·特纳，王尔德的唯一的朋友，在王尔德死前最后几周期间一直和他呆在一起。他谈到了王尔德的疾病：在他死后不久，他的病就被诊断为第三期梅毒的症状，而这种病在他20岁时就感染了。

The wording is vague, but it would match the timeline when Wilde was said to have caught syphilis.

他朋友措辞含糊，但这与王尔德被认为感染到梅毒的时间是匹配的。

Over the years, many of his former friends came to believe that he had syphilis, some even claiming that he had inherited the disease from his father.

这些年来，他以前的许多朋友都认为他有梅毒，有的甚至声称他是从他父亲那里继承了这种疾病。

Although his death certificate doesn't list a cause of death, it's generally agreed that Wilde died of cerebral meningitis, which is inflammation of the lining of the brain.

虽然他的死亡证书中没有列出死因，但人们普遍认为王尔德死于脑膜炎，这是一种大脑内膜炎症。

Cerebral meningitis can be caused by syphilis because syphilis causes deterioration in the brain. It's also known that Wilde had regular mercury treatments, a common therapy for those with syphilis.

脑膜炎可由梅毒引起，因为梅毒会引起大脑的恶化。人们还认为王尔德定期做汞治疗，而这是梅毒患者都会做的治疗。