推送通知，统统关掉！ 译者：李 煦 校对：张鑫健 导读&笔记：杨婧娴 策划：王旻彦 朱小钊 Turn Off Your Push Notifications. All of them. 关掉你的推送通知——每一个 本文选自 Wired | 取经号原创翻译 关注 取经号，回复关键词“外刊” 获取《经济学人》等原版外刊获得方法 Push notifications are ruining my life. Yours too, I bet. Download more than a few apps and the notifications become a non-stop, cacophonous waterfall of nonsense. Here's just part of an afternoon on my phone: 推送通知正在毁掉我的生活，说是在毁掉我们所有人的生活也不为过。只要手机里下载了应用，各种推送通知便会如滔滔江水般涌来，延绵不绝，扰乱我们的正常生活。每天下午的几分钟之内，我便能收到这么多推送：
'Hi David! We found new Crown jewels and Bottle caps Pins for you!' “嗨，David！我们为你找到了新的皇冠珠宝和瓶盖！” 'Every one's talking about Bill Nye's newbook, Everything All at Once. Read a free sample.' “所有人都在谈论Bill Nye的新书《当下尽知》（Everything All at Once）。免费概览一下吧。” 'Alex just posted for the first time in a while.' “Alex 刚发了最近的第一条推文！” I get notifications when an acquaintance comments on a stranger's Facebook posts, when shows I don't care about come to Netflix, and every single day at 6 PM when the crossword puzzle becomes available. Recently, I got a buzz from my close personal friends at Yelp. 'We found a hot new business for you,' it said. I opened the notification, on the off chance that Yelp had finally found the hot new business I've been waiting for. It did not. So I closed Yelp, stared into space for a second, and then opened Instagram. Productivity over. 不管是我的好友评论了别人的脸书推文，还是Netflix要上架我并不感兴趣的节目，又或者是每晚六点，某个应用更新了填字游戏，我都会收到推送通知。最近，我在Yelp（一个美国点评网站，译者注）上收到来自密友的消息，上面写道：“我找到了一家很不错的店！很适合你！”尽管我知道Yelp不可能这么良心，真的能搜罗到我梦寐以求的绝世好店，但还是点开了这条通知。结果不言自明。所以我关上了Yelp，发了一秒的呆，然后停下手头的工作，玩起了Instagram。
Over the last few years, there's been an increasingly loud call for a re-evaluation of the relationship between humans and smartphones. For all the good that phones do, their grip on our eyes, ears, and thoughts creates real and serious problems. 'I know when I take [technology] away from my kids what happens,' Tony Fadell, a former senior VP at Apple who helped invent both the iPod and the iPhone, said in a recent interview. 'They literally feel like you're tearing a piece of their person away from them. They get emotional about it, very emotional. They go through withdrawal for two to three days.” 近些年来，越来越多的人呼吁重新审视人类与智能手机的关系。手机确实有优点，但人类在使用时目不转睛，耳不旁听，甚至思考也会受到限制，这会引发真实且严重的问题。“我很清楚，如果我没收孩子的（电子产品），后果会很严重。“苹果的前高级副总裁托尼·法戴尔说道，他参与了iPod和iPhone的研发。“就像是硬生生地把人撕掉一层皮一样。他们会变得非常狂躁，要两三天才能缓过神来。” Smartphones aren't the problem. It's all the buzzing and dinging, endlessly calling for your attention. A Deloitte study in 2016 found that people look at their phones 47 times a day on average; for young people, more like 82. Apple proudly announced in 2013 that 7.4 trillion push notifications had been pushed through its servers. The intervening four years have not reversed the trend. 问题不在于智能手机，而在于吵个不停的推送消息。德勤公司2016年的研究表明，人们平均每天看手机47次。在年轻人中，这一数字高达82。苹果2013年宣布，其服务器已经发送了7.4万亿条推送通知。四年过去，这一数字仍在飙升。 There's a solution, though: Kill your notifications. Yes, really. Turn them all off. (You can leave on phone calls and text messages, if you must, but nothing else.) You'll discover that you don't miss the stream of cards filling your lockscreen, because they never existed for your benefit. They're for brands and developers, methods by which thirsty growth hackers can grab your attention anytime they want. Allowing an app to send you push notifications is like allowing a store clerk to grab you by the ear and drag you into their store. You're letting someone insert a commercial into your life anytime they want. Time to turn it off. 面对众多推送困扰，人们还是有解决方法的：关掉推送通知。是的，关掉所有推送。（如果确实需要，可以只打开电话和短信推送，但把别的都关掉。）你会发现你并不想念满屏的推送框，因为它们并不是为了方便你，而是为了方便APP开发者和背后的公司而存在。推送也不过是营销人员渴求随时吸引用户注意力的手段而已。允许应用软件向你发送通知，就像允许一个售货员抓着你的耳朵把你往店里拽，允许他人随时在我们生活中插入广告一样。是时候关掉它们了。 Push and Pull 用户和公司互相撕扯 Originally, push notifications were designed to keep you out of your phone rather than constantly drawing you in. When BlackBerry launched push email in 2003, users rejoiced: They didn't need to constantly check their inbox for fear they'd miss important messages. When email comes, BlackBerry promised, your phone will tell you. Until then, don't worry about it. 推送通知的设计初衷并不是为了让人深陷手机，而是让人们脱离手机。2003年，黑莓上架邮件推送功能时，用户无不为之欢喜，因为他们再也不用时时查看邮箱，以免错过重要的消息。当时，黑莓向用户保证：新邮件到来时，手机自会推送。而手机没有推送时，用户不必再多余担心。
Apple made push a system-wide feature in 2008, and Google did the same soon after. Suddenly, there was a way for anyone to jump into your phone when they wanted your attention. Push notifications proved to be a marketer's dream: They're functionally impossible to tell apart from a text or email without looking, so you have to look before you can dismiss. 'Push messages serve an important role in an app's user engagement,' digital marketing company Localytics wrote in 2015, 'and there are no signs pointing to a decrease any time soon.' 2008年，苹果赋予操作系统内所有应用推送通知的权限，谷歌很快也推出了类似的更新。一夜之间，所有开发者都能随时在他人手机上发送弹窗，获取用户注意力。而事实证明，营销人员也都对推送通知爱不释手：因为推送的机制使得用户必须先查看消息，才能知道它是短信还是邮件。在清除推送之前，用户必然要先查看。“推送通知是用户打开、使用APP的重要原因。”数字营销公司Localytics 2015年写道。“一切迹象表明，推送通知仍会是用户参与度的主力军。” In fairness, the platforms and companies responsible for this mess have tried intermittently to clean up. The Apple Watch was initially conceived as a way to keep you off your phone, offering clever filters and even adaptive vibrations to help differentiate between notifications you care about and those you don't. Instead, the Watch turned your wrist into yet another buzzable surface, this one even harder to ignore. After years of torturing users, Apple finally made it easier to dismiss all your notifications at once. Meanwhile, Google recently simplified the process of turning off notifications for specific apps, and plans in the next version of Android to give users more control over which notifications they want to receive at all. 平心而论，平台和公司也在时不时地整饬他们所导致的推送乱象。Apple Watch的设计本意是通过智能的过滤系统和相应的震动模式，来区分用户在意和不在意的通知，从而使用户摆脱手机。但实际上，它却在用户的手腕建立起了另一个更令人难以忽略推送平台。在折磨了用户数年之后，苹果终于做出了优化，允许用户一次性清除所有通知。与此同时，谷歌也简化了关闭应用软件通知的方法，并计划在下一版安卓系统中给用户更多权力，允许用户自由掌控推送通知。 And still, you could see how it could easily be better. You could tell Outlook to notify you only when you get something from your boss or partner. You could say 'never send me coupons,' and ask every app to comply. You could have some notifications come through during work and shut off when you get home. Facebook could figure out who you actually care about, and notify you accordingly. In every case, that would lead to fewer and better notifications. Great for you, bad for the companies trying to steal your attention. 但我们都很清楚，改变推送乱象并不是很难。我们可以命令Outlook只在收到同事或老板的邮件时发送提醒，也可以命令所有APP“绝不发送优惠信息”，还可以设置仅在工作时打开某些推送，而下班后令其自动关闭。脸书可以分析出用户的“特别关心”，并推送他们的消息。上述事件都会让推送变少，变好。这对用户来十分有益，但对那些试图偷走用户注意力的商家来说则不然。 At this point, notification management is a losing battle. News companies send more and more, trying to get you into their apps rather than their competitors. Games beg you to play more, so you'll spend more on in-app purchases. Ad-based apps need you to open the app so you'll see the ads. You can turn off all the Facebook notifications you don't want (assuming you can figure out how) but Facebook will just invent and opt you into new types. There's no incentive for anyone to slow the pace of pushes, not even Google or Apple, who are just as happy when you look at your phone. Nothing's going to get better without your interference. 当下，限制推送看似遥不可及。新闻APP为了吸引用户注意力，打败竞争对手，推送的通知有增无减；游戏不断发送推送，乞求用户注意，意在引诱用户花钱进行更多内购；利用广告赚钱的应用也时常催人开启，这样才能让用户阅览广告。你可以关闭所有多余的脸书通知（假设你知道怎么设置），但脸书又会发明出新的类目推送给你。公司没有阻拦推送发展的理由，甚至谷歌和苹果也没有。用户玩手机，大公司和用户一样开心，因为没有用户参与，公司也不会发展。 Peace and Quiet 内心宁静何处寻？ Neither Android nor iOS offers an easy way to turn off notifications en-masse. In both cases, you have to dive deep into Settings, then go app-by-app to turn them off. It's a massive pain, but completely worthwhile. Throw on an episode of Glow (which my notifications tell me is now available on Netflix, by the way) and just hammer through. Turn off notifications on all the social apps, the shopping apps, the fitness apps, the notifications from Netflix, Spotify, and Kindle. If you want to leave texting, phone calls, and WhatsApp, fine. Everything else has to go. 不管是安卓还是iOS都没有提供关闭所有通知的简易方法。在这两种系统中，用户都必须打开层层设置界面，一个应用一个应用地关闭通知。这一过程虽然十分痛苦，但绝对物有所值。我建议你：打开一集Glow（顺便一提，这是推送通知告诉我现已在Netflix上线的）然后开干吧，把社交、购物、健身应用的通知、Netflix、Spotify、Kindle的通知统统关闭。如果你想要留下短信、电话和和WhatsApp也行，但其他应用一个都不能留。 If you absolutely can't handle the idea of missing notifications, here's an alternative: On iOS, turn off everything except 'Show in Notification Center.' No sounds, no badges, no lock screen, no banner alerts. Nothing will interrupt you, but all the notifications will still appear when you pull down the windowshade. On Android, you can choose 'Show Silently,' a similar setup. 如果没有通知的世界让你感到不适，你还可以这样：在iOS中，把除了“在通知中心中显示”之外的按钮都关上。推送消息会变得没有声音，没有标记，也不会在锁屏和横幅中显示。它们再也不会打扰你，但会显示在下拉栏中。在安卓系统内也有一个类似的设置，即打开“静音显示”。 It's not like turning off notifications shuts you out from using the apps you like. It just puts you back in control; you're on your phone when you want to be, not when Amazon's data says you're likely to buy stuff. I still check Twitter all the time, but I'm not forcibly thrust into Twitter because four people happened to like someone's photo. Apps like Instagram and Facebook are built to show you the best stuff every time you open the app—you won't miss much by ignoring notifications. And if not getting notifications means you forget to even open the app or check your phone for a while? Well, you're welcome. 关闭通知并不会让你远离你喜欢的应用，只会让你重新掌控人生；从此以后，你不会在亚马逊推送“你有可能喜欢的商品”时才使用手机，而是在想用手机时才会。虽然我仍然刷推特，但不会因为“有四个人喜欢了某人的照片”而看推。而Instagram和脸书一类应用，本来就致力于让用户每次打开时能看到最佳内容，因此你不会因为关闭推送通知而错过什么。如果关闭通知能让你暂时忘记打开这些应用，甚至忘记看手机，那么恭喜你摆脱了手机，也不用因此谢我。 I turned off notifications on every app on my phone, save for a handful: phone, texts, and my calendar, plus Outlook and Slack, because I'm addicted to work. I'm a far happier person for it. You might think I'm crazy, that I'm missing all the good stuff happening in the world because nothing alerts me anymore. Feel free to tell me all about it! I'll see it next time I check Twitter. Which will be when I feel like it, and not one second before. 因为我是个工作狂，所以我关闭了手机上大部分软件的通知，只留下了这几个：电话、短信、日历、加上Outlook和Slack。我对此非常满意。有人可能认为我不太理智，因为关闭通知，我可能会错过世界各地的趣事。那你大可以发到推特上告诉我！下次我刷推特的时候肯定会看见的。不过我只会在想刷推特的时候才能看到，而绝不会因为打开推送，才看到你的推文。 |
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来自： alayavijnana > 《科技未来》
