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如果你还为自己蹩脚的写作水平而烦恼的话，那么你该学习了。 从句三大类（14种从句）：名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句。 4种名词性从句举例1、主语从句Whether it's right or not remains to be seen. 2、宾语从句I wonder whether it's right or not. 3、同位语从句This is a question whether it's right or not. 4、表语从句The question is whether it's right or not. 2种定语从句举例1、限定性定语从句She is the student who can speak English well. 2、非限定性定语从句She is the student,who can speak English well. 8种状语从句举例1、时间状语从句The fact will come out when he comes here. 2、地点状语从句You can go wherever you like. 3、原因状语从句Pay more attention to your lessons because you are a student. 4、方式状语从句He walks as if he were a king. 5、目的状语从句She went to Japan so that she could learn Japanese well. 6、结果状语从句She went to Japan so that she learned Japanese well. 7、条件状语从句I will understand it if he tells me. 8、让步状语从句He knows a lot though he is little. 1名词性从句主语从句(subject clauses)在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的词有从属连词、、关系代词、连接副词等。引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词that、whether，关系代词：who, what, which , whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever；关系副词：when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever等。 That you don’t like him is none of my business.你不喜欢她不管我的事。 What he said is true. 他说的是真的。 Do you remember how he arrived almost at the end of the party? 你记得他几乎是在宴会快结束时才到的吗？ This party's really where it's at, man! 啊，这个晚会真棒！ Tell us how you fulfilled the heavy task ahead of schedule.告诉我们,你们是怎样提前完成这一艰巨任务的。 We have reason to believe that the fighting on the border may develop into a full-blown war. (喻)我们有理由相信边境上的冲突可能发展成一场全面战争。 He said that he would come. 他说他要来。 Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather.足球比赛是否举行将视天气而定。 表语从句（predicative clauses） 用作表语的从句叫作表语从句，它位于主句中的连系动词之后。引导表语从句的词有从属连词that、whether、as though(if)；关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等；关系副词when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等。可以接表语从句的连系动词由be, look, remain, seem等。That引导表语从句时，在口语中，间或可以省略。 The trouble is that we are short of money.困难是我们资金短缺。 That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因。 At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.当时,我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。 宾语从句(object clauses)用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句的位置与陈述句基本结构中的宾语相同。宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可以作介词和非谓语动词（动词不定式、动名词、分词）和某些形容词的宾语。宾语从句可以由从属连词that whether、if，关系代词what, who, whose, which和关系副词when、where、how、why等引导。 He said he wanted to go to town. 他说他想去城里。 I hope you'll be better soon.我希望你能很快好起来。 I’m so glad that you were able to come to this party.你能设法抽空出席这个交际会，我很高兴。 I know nothing about it except what I have read in the papers.除了在报上读到的以外,我对这件事一无所知。 Most of the Chinese people usually go to work on the bike except when it rains.除了雨天,大多数中国人一般都骑自行车上班。 He asked me whether she was coming. 他问我，她来还是不来。 同位语从句（appositive clauses） 用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在抽象名词fact，idea，news，hope，belief，thought，truth，doubt，suggestion，warning, instruction，reason，information, question等之后，对这些名词进行说明或解释。引导同位语从句的词除连词that，whether外，还有关系代词what, which, who, 以及关系副词how，when，where，why等。 It is a fact that smoking is a danger to health. 吸烟危害健康，这是事实。 I have no idea what you mean.我一点儿也不明白你的意思。 He made the suggestion that we go by train. 他建议我们坐火车去。 There is no doubt that he is guilty. 毫无疑问，他是有罪的。 2定语从句关系代词： 1、that：万能词（无实际词意，看着翻译吧，起连接作用），（啥都行） 2、who：谁，（专业指人） 3、whom：谁，做宾语，（专业指人） 4、whose：谁的，指人，所有格，（专业指人，偶尔指物） 5、which：哪个，（指前面提到的事物），（专业指物） 6、as：正如，（非限定性定语从句，专用），（位置随便放） 注一：下列情况下，关系代词只能用that。 （1）先行词前面有：all：所有 everything：每件事情 nothing：没有事情 Anything：任何事情 everbody：每个人 nobody：没有人、 Somebody：某一个 anybody：任何一个人,等不定代词的时候，关系代词只能用，that。 （2）先行词被序数词，或者是最高级修饰的时候，关系代词只能用that。 （3）先行词前面被，the only、the very、the last、the same等修饰的时候，只能用that。 （4）先行词即是人，又是物，关系代词只能用that。 如：……the men and the book that……………………………… （5）先行词为 that时，关系代词只能用which。 （6）先行词是who，whom，wich开头的特殊疑问句时，关系代词只能用that。 注二： （1）名词+介词+定语从句（定语从句做介词宾语） 关系副词： 1、when：当……时候（表示时间） 2、where：在……地点（表示地点） 3、why：为什么（表示原因） 注三：关系副词引导定语从句，与，关系副词引导状语从句的，区别是（关系副词引导定语从句）只能放在先行词后面，修饰先行词。而（关系副词引导的状语从句）可以放在句子开头，或者是句子末尾，修饰动词，副词。 经典定语从句： 1. 整座城市躺在废墟中，其中百分子75的工厂和大楼消失不见了。 The whole city, 75% of whose factories and buildings were gone, lay in ruins. 2. 我们公司有2000工人，三分之二是女工。 Our company has 2000 workers, of whom two thirds/ two thirds of whom are women. 3. 那些被困在废墟里的人已经得救了。 Those who were trapped under the ruins finally got rescued. 4. 你们刚才谈论的那场地震好可怕呀！ The earthquake that you were talking about sounded frightening/shocking.=The earthquake about which you were talking sounded frightening. 5. 我的家人都是音乐爱好者，今晚将去看电影。 My family, all of whom are music lovers, are going to the movie tonight. 6. 我们正在看的这幢大楼过去曾经是一家医院。 The building which we are looking at used to be a hospital. 7. 约翰向母亲说起过把他在国外见过的人和城市。 John once talked to his mom about the people and cities that he had visited abroad. 8. 他是去过伦敦的一位以观光者之一。 He is one of the tourists who have been to London. 9. 他是这些观光者当中唯一去过伦敦的。 He is the only one of the visitors that/who has been to London. 10. 这就是你们上个礼拜参观过的学校吗？ Is this the school that you visited last Sunday? 11. 这所学校就是你们上个礼拜参观过的那所吗？ Is this school the one that you visited last Sunday? 12. 他们曾经居住过的是在这个地方里。 It is in this place that he once lived. 13. 这是他们曾经住过的地址。 It is the place where he once lived. 14. 他有两个儿子，每一位都看起来像他。 He has two sons, either of whom looks like him. 15. 他有连个儿子，并且每一个都看起来像他。 He has two sons, and either of them looks like him. 16. 这是一本封面是蓝色的书。 17. This is a book whose cover is blue.=This is a book,of which the cover is blue=This is a book,the cover of which is blue. 18. 他不说令她生气的话。He said nothing that made her angry. 19. 窗户朝南的那间房间是我的。 The room whose window faces south is mine.=The room of which the window faces south is mine. |
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