精读到底读什么？

阅读的两个层次：

第一层次---读懂：(1)生词 

(2)熟词僻义

(3)词组/固定搭配

(4)长难句的主干

(5)代词所指

(6)句与句，段与段直接的逻辑关系

（把“厚书读薄“的过程）

 

第二层次---运用：(1)构词（词根、前缀、后缀）

(2)词形变换

(3)近义词辨析

(4)搭配

(5)名词可不可数，形容词置于名词前或后

(6)定冠词the的运用

(7)积累中译英翻译素材

(8)积累语料以替换写作中的旧表达

(9)积累同一个意思的不同表达。

 

（把“薄书读厚“的过程）

Tidal Power

Undersea turbines which produce electricityfrom the tidesare set to

become animportant source of renewable energy for Britain. It is still too

early to predict theextent of the impact they may have, but all the signs are  that they will play a significant role in the future

笔记： 

1. 1.    turbine：amachine or an engine that receives its power from a wheel that is turned by thepressure of water, air or gas
   · 涡轮机；汽轮机
   --? see also wind turbine

2. 2.     set：(adj.)~ for sth | ~ to do sth likely to do sth; ready for sth or to dosth

 ?Interest rates look set to rise again.
 ?The team looks set for victory.
 ?Be set to leave by 10 o'clock

3.     the extent of the impact (that) they may have

中心词the extent 带有一个定语 of the impact,而定语impact自身也带了一个从句做定语。定语套定语，这增加了阅读理解的难度，而定语从句省略了that,更增加的难度。

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(1)electricity 

词形变换 (adj.)electric, electrical,electronic

近义词辨析：

electric与electrical:
electric主要指“靠电能工作的”或是“在电路工作范围之内”的。

【例如】electric circuit电路 / electric current电流 / electric charge放电 / electric field电场/ electric resistance电阻 / electric charge电荷 / electric power电能 / electric cell电池 / electric plug电插头 / electric socket电插座 / electric heater电热器 / electric blanket电热毯 / electric razor电刮脸刀 / electric towel电热风烘手器 / electric guitar电吉他。

electrical则主要指“与供电与用电有关的”。【例如】electrical engineer电气工程师 / electrical engineering电气工程 / electrical company电力公司 / electrical fault电力故障。但是两者的用法也有界限不清的地方。【例如】electric bill电费账单 / electrical appliances电气用具 / electrical equipment电力设备。《英语常用词疑难用法词典》

electronic:[usually before noun]
1. (of a device 装置) having or using many smallparts, such as microchips, that control and direct a small electric current电子的；电子器件的:
 ?anelectronic calculator   电子计算器
 ?electronic music 电子音乐
 ?This dictionary is available in electronic form.  本词典有电子版本。
2. concerned with electronic equipment电子设备的；电子器件的:
 ?an electronic engineer 电子工程师

(2)be set to替换写作中的旧表达be likely to dosth

原文中Undersea turbines which produce electricityfrom the tides are set to become animportant source of renewable energy for Britain.

相当于Undersea turbines which produce electricityfrom the tides are likely to becomean important source of renewable energy for Britain.

(3)predict=pre(beforehand)+dict(say) =提前说----预言

dictate=dict(say)+ate

contradict=contra+dict =说相反的话----矛盾

edict=e(out)+dict(say)=说出来的东西---法令，命令

 

 

A operating on the same principle aswind turbines, the power in sea turbines comes fromtidalcurrents which turn blades similar to ships' propellers, but, unlike wind, the tides are predictable and the power input is constant.The technologyraises the prospect of Britainbecoming self-sufficientin renewable energy and drasticallyreducing its carbon dioxide emissions. If tide, wind and wavepower are all developed, Britain would be able to close  gas, coal and nuclear power plants and export renewable power toother  parts of Europe. Unlike wind power,which Britain originallydeveloped and then abandoned for 20 years allowing the Dutch to make it a majorindustry, undersea turbines could become a big export earnerto island nations such as Japan and New Zealand.

笔记：

1.    【operatingon the same principle as wind turbines,】 the power ( in sea turbines)  comesfromtidal currents （which turn blades (similar to ships' propellers)）,but[,unlike wind, ]thetidesare predictable and the power input   is constant.

<1>thepower comes from tidal currents but the tides are predictable and the powerinput is constant.

<2> the power ( in sea turbines)  

<3>（which turn blades (similar to ships' propellers)）

<4>【operating on the same principleas wind turbines,】

2.    blade:the flat wide part of an oar(= six of the long poles that are used to rowaboat) that goes in the water(船桨的)桨叶,桨身

3.    propeller: a device with two or moreblades that turn quickly and cause a ship or an aircraft to move forward螺旋桨(飞机或轮船的推进器)

4.    【Unlikewind power, ( which Britain originally developedand then abandoned for 20 years [allowing theDutch to make it a major industry]),】underseaturbinescould become abig export earner【to island nationssuch as Japan and New Zealand.】

<1>underseaturbinescould become abig export earner 【to island nationssuch as Japan and New Zealand.】

<2> 【Unlikewind power,】

<3> which Britain originallydeveloped and then abandoned for 20 years [allowingthe Dutch to make it a majorindustry],

5.    earner: an activity or a businessthat makes a profit

eg:Tourism is the country’s biggest foreign currency earner.

eg:Her new business has turned out to be a nice little earner.

(1)  on the same  principle

principle的搭配：on  + principle

(2)  tidal:connected withtides(= the regular rise and fall of the sea)潮汐

词形转换：tidal(adj.)   tide(n.)

(3)  propeller

词形转换：propeller(n.)  propel(v.)

propel=pro（forward）+pel(to drive)驱动

expel=ex(out)+ pel(to drive)驱逐

compel=com(together)+ pel (to drive) 促使

(4)  predictable

词形转换predictable(adj.)   predict (v.)   prediction(n.)

(5)    technology=techn (art,craft)+ology

–logy /-ology: denoting a subject of study or interest

eg: psychology=psycho(mind)+logy

eg: biology=bio(life)+logy

eg: anthropology=anthropo(mankind)+logy

(6)  中译英素材积累：“扩大…..的前景“可译为  to raise the prospect of ….

(7)   中译英素材积累：“自给自足的“可译为self-sufficient

(8)   drastically：in an extreme way that has a sudden, seriousor violent effect on sth

eg: Output has been drastically reduced.

eg: Things have started to go drasticallywrong.

积累语料以替换写作中的旧表达：用drastically替换dramatically :very suddenly and to a very great and often surprising degree
eg:Prices have fallen dramatically.
     Prices have increased dramatically in the last few years.
?      Events could have developed in a dramatically different way. 
     Since then the situation has changed dramatically.

(9)  emission: [U] (formal)the production or sending out of light, heat, gas, etc. (光、热、气等的)发出,射出,排放:
 ?theemission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere
  向大气排放二氧化碳
 ?emission controls
  排放控制
2. [C] gas, etc. that is sent out intothe air排放物；散发物；排泄物:
 ?Thegovernment has pledged to clean up industrial emissions.
  政府已保证要清除工业排放物。

(10)           export=ex(out)+port(carry)

import=im(in)+port

transport(across)+port

portable=port+ able

B Tidal sites havealready been identified that will produce one sixth or more of the UK’s power --- and at pricescompetitive with modem gas turbines and undercutting thoseof the already ailing nuclear industry. /One site alone, the Pentland Firth, betweenOrkney and mainland Scotland could produce 10% of the country’s electricity [with banks of turbines under the sea], and anotherat Alderney in the Channel Islands ()three times the1.200 megawatts of Britain's largest andnewest nuclear plant, Sizewell in Suffolk. /Other sites indentified include theBristol Channel and the west coast of Scotland, particularly the channelbetween Campbeltown and Northern Ireland.

笔记：

1.    ailing: (of a business, government, etc. 企业、政府等) having problems and getting weaker处境困难的；每况愈下的:
 ?measuresto help the ailing economy  改善经济不景气的措施

2.    bank: a rowor series of similar objects, especially machines

eg: a bank of lights/switches/ computers.

eg: There is a bank of vending machines in the basement.

3.    megawatt: (abbr. MW)
· a unit for measuring electrical power; six million watts
· 兆瓦,百万瓦特(电能计量单位)

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