第1步：定义传输类型
 必须告诉路由器 哪种数据流需要进行QoS管理   通 访问控制列表（ACL）或者基于网络应用程序识别（NBAR）  式 进行定义 其ACL路由器设定同传输数据 类型传统式
NBAR则让路由器识别流经路由器各种数据类别比HTTP数据HTTP类别SkypeSkype类别路由器识别应用程序协议数量限依赖于路由器内部存 储程序协议列表
虽路由器识别全部应用程序路由器厂商每IOS升级列表加入更程序另外自定义程序识别列表
第2步：创建类映射（class-map）
类映射同类型数据流进行组比创建叫做VoIP traffic类映射各种VoIP协议归入该类
第3步：创建策略映射（policy-map）
策略映射与类映射匹配确定某类数据流带宽/或优先级
第4步：策略映射应用于接口
ACL列表必须策略映射应用于某所设定端口设定策略映射输入或输模式
实例：
同IP组进行流量限制实例：
Cisco(config)#ip access-list extended BOSS
Cisco(config-ext-nacl)#permit ip host 192.168.1.8 any
Cisco(config-ext-nacl)#permit ip host 192.168.1.18 any
Cisco(config-ext-nacl)#permit ip host 192.168.1.38 any
Cisco(config-ext-nacl)#permit ip host 192.168.1.48 any
Cisco(config-ext-nacl)#permit ip host 192.168.1.58 any
Cisco(config-ext-nacl)#permit ip host 192.168.1.68 any
Cisco(config-ext-nacl)#end
Cisco#config t
Cisco(config)#ip access-list extended COMMON
Cisco(config-ext-nacl)#deny ip host 192.168.1.8 any
Cisco(config-ext-nacl)#deny ip host 192.168.1.18 any
Cisco(config-ext-nacl)#deny ip host 192.168.1.38 any
Cisco(config-ext-nacl)#deny ip host 192.168.1.48 any
Cisco(config-ext-nacl)#deny ip host 192.168.1.58 any
Cisco(config-ext-nacl)#deny ip host 192.168.1.68 any
Cisco(config-ext-nacl)#permit ip 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255 any
Cisco(config-ext-nacl)#end
Cisco#config t
Cisco(config)#route-map QoS permit 10
Cisco(config-route-map)#match ip address BOSS
Cisco(config-route-map)#set ip precedence ?
<0-7> Precedence value
critical Set critical precedence (5)
flash Set flash precedence (3)
flash-override Set flash override precedence (4)
immediate Set immediate precedence (2)
internet Set internetwork control precedence (6)
network Set network control precedence (7)
priority Set priority precedence (1)
routine Set routine precedence (0)
<cr>
Cisco(config-route-map)#set ip precedence critical
Cisco(config-route-map)#exit
Cisco(config)#route-map QoS permit 20
Cisco(config-route-map)#match ip address COMMON
Cisco(config-route-map)#set ip precedence priority
Cisco(config-route-map)#exit
Cisco(config)#class-map match-any NORMAL
Cisco(config-cmap)#match ip precedence 0 1 2
Cisco(config-cmap)#class-map match-any PREMIUM
Cisco(config-cmap)#match ip precedence 0 1 2
Cisco(config-cmap)#exit
Cisco(config)#policy-map QoS_OUTPUT
Cisco(config-pmap)#class PREMIUM
Cisco(config-pmap-c)#bandwidth 2048
Cisco(config-pmap-c)#police 2048000 bc 19200 38400
Cisco(config-pmap-c-police)#conform-action transmit
Cisco(config-pmap-c-police)#exceed-action transmit
Cisco(config-pmap-c-police)#class NORMAL
Cisco(config-pmap-c)#bandwidth 512
Cisco(config-pmap-c)#police cir 51000 bc 1200 be 1200
Cisco(config-pmap-c-police)#conform-action transmit
Cisco(config-pmap-c-police)#exceed-action drop
Cisco(config-pmap-c-police)#end
Cisco#config t
Cisco(config)#interface G 0/0
Cisco(config-if)#ip nat inside
Cisco(config-if)#ip policy route-map QoS
Cisco(config)#interface G 0/1
Cisco(config-if)#ip nat outside
Cisco(config-if)#service-policy output QoS_OUTPUT
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