序号 | 单 词 | 熟 义 | 生 义 | 学 习 要 点 |
81 | raise | 提高,提升 | 筹募(钱等)；筹集 | raise funds筹集资金 |
提出 | raise a question提出问题 |
饲养.种植.养育 | raise corn and soybeans.种玉米和大豆 raise chickens and corn 养鸡和种植玉蜀黍 raise children.抚养孩子 |
引起 | raise a laugh引起一阵大笑 raise doubts引起怀疑 |
82 | reach | 到达(vt); 伸出（将身体的一部分） | 联系 | I've been trying all day to reach him on the telephone.(reach=get through to)我整天都在打电话找他. |
(手/能力可及之)距离.范围 | within reach of the shops 买东西很方便的地方 The ball was out of reach.我够不着这个球。 within one’s reach/ out of one’s reach |
达成（结论.协议） | reach an agreement达成协议 reach no conclusion 没有得出结论 |
延伸, 达到(to, into) | The speaker’s voice didn’t reach to the back of the hall.讲演者的声音传不到大厅的后座。 The garden reaches down to the lake. 花园一直延伸到湖边。 |
流域 | the upper/lower reaches of a river河的上游/ 下游 |
83 | ready | 有准备的,准备完毕的 | 1.甘心的, 情愿的 | He was ready to believe her.他愿意相信她 He is always ready to help others.他总是乐于帮助他人。 |
2.随时可有的，现成的；在手边 | ready money /cash现金sleep with his sword ready睡觉时把剑放在身边 |
84 | read | 读, 朗读.阅读 | 1. 看懂, 理解 | It’s hard to read the expression on his face.难以理解他脸上的表情。How do you read the sentence?你怎样理解这句话?I can’t read your short-hand notes.我看不懂你的速记符号。Read the clock 看钟Read a map 看地图Read music 识乐谱 |
2.显示 | The thermometer reads 80 degrees Fahrenheit. 温度计显示华氏80度。 |
85 | realize | 意识到；明白 | 实现 | realize the modernization of their country. 实现国家现代化。 realized his lifelong ambition实现他毕生的理想 |
86 | recognize | 认出; 认识;辨认 | 承认；认可 | to recognize a new government 承认一个新政府He recognized that he was beaten.他认输了。 |
87 | reduce | 减少[小,轻]; 缩减.降低（价格等） | 使处于某种状态;使变成, 使成为 | be reduced to a shadow骨瘦如柴 be reduced to despair陷入绝望 The poor woman is reduced to begging. 那个可怜的女人已沦为乞丐。 |
89 | refer | 谈[涉, 提]及, 提到,指(的是)；参考.查阅（与to 连用） | 1.提交, 委托 | refer a question to an expert把问题提交给专家(处理)The shop referred the complaint to the manufacturers.商店把投诉转交给制造商。 |
2.向...打听[查询]（与to 连用） | refer to sb. for information向某人打听消息 |
90 | regard | 把...视为,看作; | 1.尊重, 尊敬 （v / n） | regard sb. highly尊重某人 pay regard to public opinion重视舆论 out of regard for出于对...的重视, 出于对...的考虑 |
2.[pl.]问候, 致意(n) | with best regards谨致问候 Please give my regards to your mother. 请向你妈妈问候。 注意: 考纲中要求掌握： remember me to sb.代向某人问好 |
91 | regular | 有规律的；定期的, 定时的；经常的, 习惯性的, 惯例的; | 3.[美]普通的 | Do you want king size cigarettes or regular size? 你要长枝的还是一般(长短)的香烟? |
| keep regular hours过有规律的生活 a regular air service定期航班 a regular customer老主顾 a regular meeting例会 |
92 | relation | 关系 | 1. 亲戚；亲属; 亲属关系 | Some of my relations, my mother's aunt and uncle, live in America. |
93 | relative | 有关的, 相关的 | 1. 相对的, 相比较的 | live in relative comfort生活得较为舒适the period of relative stability相对稳定时期 |
2.亲戚 | relative = relation |
| 补充：the facts relative to the problem 与此问题有关的事实 |
94 | remain | 依然, 仍然. ；保持;（be still） | 1.停留, 留下 | remain in one's mind留在记忆中How many weeks will you remain [stay] here?你将在此停留几个星期?remain out呆在外面, 留在户外 remain in呆在家里 |
2.剩余, 余留; | Only a few trees remain.只留下了一些树 |
| He remains a teacher / weak .These matters remain in doubt.这些事情仍然值得怀疑。 A cure remains to be found.尚待发现的疗法 It remains to be seen还要看情况发展。 it remains to be seen尚待分晓 Nothing remains but to只要...就行了 注意: 该词只有不及物用法，没有被动； remaining( adj.剩下的) |
95 | respect | 尊敬；尊重 (v /n) | 1.[pl.]敬意, 问候 | give one's respects to向...致候 |
2.着眼点, 方面 | I think you are wrong in every respect .我觉得你各方面都错了。in all respects (=in every respect)无论在哪方面[哪一点]来看, 在各方面in many respects在许多方面 |
3.重视, 关心, 考虑 | We must pay respect to the needs of the general reader我们必须关心一般读者的需要。 |
96 | roll | 滚动,(使)摇摆, 卷起;轧碾; 杆面(v) |
| roll up the map.把地图卷起来。 She rolled the string into a ball. 她把线卷成一团。 |
滚; 摇摆, 卷状物; 卷 (学校.军队等的)点名簿; 名单 |
| He rolled himself from side to side. 他左右摇晃。 |
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| a roll of film 一卷电影胶片call the roll 点名 student roll 学生名册The thunder rolled in the distance.远处雷声隆隆。(隆隆地响) a roll of thunder 隆隆的雷声 rock-and-roll n.摇滚乐, 摇滚舞 |
97 | rush | 猛冲，奔跑，快速移动或行动;(v) 急忙；仓促(n) | 仓促；匆忙 冒失地做； 仓促完成，赶紧做(v) | rushed completion of the project.仓促完成这个项目rush headlong（轻率地）into marriage.仓促轻率地结了婚。 rush to make a decision仓促做决定 |
催促(v) | Don't rush me.别催我。 |
| An ambulance rushed her to the hospital. 救护车把它急匆匆地送到医院 |
蜂拥.急切而焦急地到或离开某个地方(n) | a rush to the goldfields.淘金热 gold rush淘金热 |
抢购.急需 (n) | 抢购热潮Christmas rush 圣诞节抢购热潮 a rush for gold coins.抢购金币 |
忙碌.普遍的繁忙或忙碌 (n) | The office always operates in a rush.办公室的工作总是很繁忙The traffic on the streets during the rush hours came to a standstill. 高峰期间马路上的交通车辆处于停止状态 |
| 1. rush sb.off his feet逼迫人忙得不亦乐乎 2. rush out赶制出They rushed out 1000 copies of the book.他们赶印出1000册书。 3. I don't like the rush of modern life. 我不喜欢快节奏的现代生活。 |
98 | save | 挽救, .解救 节省, 储蓄 保存, 保全,保留, | 1.免除，避免 | save me much trouble 免去我很多麻烦 saved the tourist from being cheated 使旅游者免于受骗save sb.from 从...救出某人, 使免于[不致, 不受]... |
| save one's face保全面子 save one's neck明哲保身 She saves （vi）in every way she can 她在各方面尽量节省。 (God)save us!(表示惊讶)天啊! save (one's) breath别白费劲儿。 |
99 | seat | 座, 座位(n) 使就座 | 1.（桌子）有座位；（屋子）可容纳若干人；为…提供座位 | The big table can seat 20 guests. The hall can only seat less than 100 people. We can seat 300 in the auditorium. 我们这个礼堂可容纳三百人 |
2.使或帮助…坐下;给…安排座位 | seat the members of the bride's family.引座员会引导新娘的家人就座seat me in the back row. 给我在后排提供一个座位。 |
| seat oneself ; be seated ; find sb. seated at the back of the room；the people seated in the front 注意seat 的用法，该词为及物动词。考试说明中有要求掌握：be seated。 |
100 | seek | 寻找，寻求(常与for/ after 连用) 企图，试图；图谋求得 | 请 求，征求 | I will seek my doctor's advice.我将请教医生的意见。seek directions from a police officer. 向警官询问方向 |
| 补充：Seek and you will find.找一找，你就会发现seek shelter from rain寻找避雨的地方 seeking information; 查询信息He sought to make peace.他企图讲和。seek to do good.试图行善seek help求助 注意seek 的过去式和过去分词 sought; |
101 | sense | 官能, 感觉 ……感 | 1.意义（n） | in a sense在某一方面；就某种意义来说 make sense有意义；意思清楚；有道理 make sense of理解；懂；明白 |
2.感觉;觉察，意识到（v） | He sensed that his proposals were unwelcome. 他觉得他的建议不受欢迎。The dog sensed that I was afraid.这只狗感觉到我害怕了。 Sense the danger察觉到危险 |
| a high sense of responsibility to the revolution 高度的革命责任感common sense常识[理] There is a lot of sense in what he says.他的话颇有道理。 |
102 | sentence | 句子 | 判决, 宣判(v / n) 刑罚(n) | sentence sb.to death判处某人死刑sentence sb.to 5 years in prison判处某人5年徒刑under sentence of death被判处死刑serve one's sentence服刑capital sentence极刑, 死刑 a life sentence无期徒刑，终身监禁 He received a heavy sentence.他受到很重的刑罚。 |
103 | serve | 服务(vt), 服役(vi) | 1.提供，准备（如食物）： | serve breakfast供应早餐 |
2.可做；适于 | This box will serve for a seat.这箱子可当作座椅。This platform would serve as a port and a railway station.这个平台将用作港口和火车站。 |
3.上(菜); 斟(酒) | serve coffee hot把咖啡趁热端上来 serve tea.上茶 |
4.担任职务 | serve as an interpreter担任译员 |
| It serves him right.他活该。 serve the people heart and soul全心全意地为人民服务 |
104 | service | 服役; 服务 | 1.公职部门；政府部门；服务机构 | China Travel Service中国旅行社The US Customs Service美国海关总署the security service 保安部 |
2.仪式；宗教仪式 | Morning service will be at 11 o'clock. 早礼拜将在11点进行。 |
3.公共设施 服务行业 | the telephone service 电话设施 The train service to the capital is very good. 去首都的火车服务设施非常好。 Service station (美)加油站 |
| on active service 服现役 at your service听您吩咐；随时供您使用 do sb. a service给某人帮忙 |
105 | settle | 解决, (使)定居 | 使平静, 使镇定[稳定] | settle (oneself) down to work安下心来工作 |
停留, 停息 | The bird settled on the wire.鸟停在电线上。 |
106 | sharp | 锐利的,尖的；（目光）敏锐的;（思维）敏捷的；（言词）尖刻的 | 准时地；整（adv） | at seven o'clock sharp 七点整 |
突然的；急剧的 | a sharp turn to the left 向左急转a sharp decline急剧下降 a sharp turn急转弯 a sharp pain.剧痛 a sharp picture 清晰图像 |
| 补充： be sharp in thought思维敏捷。' |
107 | shoulder | 肩, 肩部 | 用肩抗；肩负, 承当 | shoulder the heavy boxes肩抗重盒 shoulder the responsibility承担责任 |
用肩推，挤 | shoulder people aside 用肩膀把人挤开 shoulder one's way through the crowd 用肩从人群中挤过 |
| 补充：shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩 |
108 | sign | 标记, 符号,牌子,告示；征兆,迹象；签名; 签署 | 1.身势，姿势；信号(n) | He made a sign for me to follow him. 他向我示意跟着他（走）。 |
2.做手势示意(vi / vt) | He signed to /for me to be quiet. He signed me to be quiet.他做手势要我安静。 |
| There are no signs of life about the house.这房子没有有人住的迹象。sign in签到 sign out签名登记外出sign up for military service 报名从军sign up for a pottery course.报名参加陶器制作课程 |
109 | solid | 固体, 立体(n).固体的,实心的, 坚固的, 结实的, 立体的(adj) | 不间断的；连续的 | two solid hours足足两个小时 |
真实的, 可靠的, 理由充分的 | a solid friend可靠的朋友 solid arguments理由充分的论点 |
110 | sort | n.种类, 类别 | 分类, 拣选;整理 | 'Sort out these papers and fasten them together with a clip, please.' '请把这些文件整理一下,用夹子夹在一起。' |
| 补充：有几分；有点；相当(Somewhat; rather) I sort of expected it.我料到几分了。 He is sort of disappointed.他有点失望。 |
111 | sound | 声音（n） 听起来(vi) | 使发声[响] 吹号命令[通知, 庆祝], 吹...号 | sound a horn吹号角 sound the alarm发警报 |
完好的；健全的 | A sound mind in a sound body.健全的精神寓于健全的身体。get home safe and sound平安到家 |
合理的，正确的 | sound advice 正确的忠告 |
可靠的，稳妥的 | sound basis 稳固的基础 sound friends 忠实的朋友 |
彻底的，完全的 | A sound sleep 酣睡 |
彻底地；充分地 | be sound asleep |
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| His explanation sounds all right.他的解释似乎有理。Your idea sounds a good one.你的想法听起来很好。sound a good idea / like a good idea. 不用： sound to be a good idea |
112 | spare | 备用的; .多余的, 剩下的 | 节约, 吝惜(用于否定) | spare no efforts [pains]不遗余力 spare no expense不惜工本 |
放过, 饶恕 | He does not spare himself.他对自已要求很严。 spare sb.'s life |
免除；使省去 | He did the work to spare you the trouble. 他做了那件事使你免去麻烦。 |
抽出，匀出；让与 | Can you spare me this book for a while? 这本书能让我看一会儿吗?Can you spare me a few litres of petrol? 你能匀给我几公升汽油吗? Can you spare the time to help me? 你能抽出这段时间帮我吗? |
| 补充： 1）in your spare time ; a spare tire 备用轮胎a spare ticket退票 2）to spare剩余；多余 We paid our bills and had money to spare. 我们付帐后还有节余 |
113 | spring | 春天 | 泉水，泉 | a hot spring温泉 |
弹簧, 发条 弹性；弹力 | The spring has run down.钟表发条走完了。 |
跳跃, 跳起（n/ v） | She sprang out of her chair to greet her father. 她从椅子上跳起来迎接她父亲。 |
有弹性的; 弹簧的 | a spring mattress.弹簧垫子 |
114 | stage | .舞台 | 发展的进程, 阶段或时期 | at an early stage in our history 在我们的历史早期 |
| The stage is her life.演艺事业是她的生命（前面与the连用）演员生涯go on the stage 当演员 |
115 | stand | 站立; 座落,屹立于 | 忍受；经受 | I cannot stand waiting [to wait] any longer.再等下去我可受不了啦。stand the test of time经受时间的考验 |
处于某种状态 | The matter stands thus.事情就是这样。 How do matters stand? 情况如何？ |
身高；高度为 | He stands six feet in his socks. 他穿袜（脱鞋）时身高六英尺。 The building stands over 200 feet high |
立场；主张 | take a firm stand on sth .对…采取坚定立场 |
架; 台; 摊；看台上的观众（pl） | a fruit stand水果摊a music stand乐谱架 a launching stand(火箭)发射台He kicked the ball into the stands.他把球踢到了看台上 |
| stand by在场；靠近 ;袖手旁观 （无线电台或军事方面）待命，准备行动；极力支持；忠于；信守to stand by one's promise 遵守诺言stand out明显；醒目 ;突出；杰出 stand up for维护；拥护；支持 |
116 | state | 国家, 政府,州; 国家的,国有的, 国营的, 州的, 状态 | 声明, 陈述, 规定 | 'Please state your name, age and occupation on the form.'请在表上填写你的姓名.年龄和职业。 |
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