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颈椎病的病理生理和病理解剖过程是相当复杂的，但下列因素在本病的产生和复发中起着重要作用。 1.退行性变 以及由此而致的整个颈椎和颈椎其他部位，如小关节韧带的退变是颈椎病的主因。另外，由于不断承受各种负荷、劳损、甚至外伤，也可逐渐出现退行性变。 2.慢性劳损 慢性劳损是指超过正常生理活动范围的最大限度的活动。这种劳损易被忽视，但它是造成颈椎关节退变的主要原因之一。包括睡眠的不良体位、工作的姿势不当及不适当的体育锻炼等。 3.头部外伤 资料表明，颈椎病患者中约有半数病例与外伤有直接关系。如交通意外、工作与生活中的意外、运动性损伤、不得法的推拿牵引等均可造成不同程度的损伤或加剧颈椎退变。 4.咽部炎症 资料表明，当咽部及颈部有急慢性感染时，可诱发颈椎病症状出现，或使症状加重。由于该处的炎症改变可直接刺激临近肌肉、韧带、或通过丰富的淋巴系统使炎症在局部扩散，以致造成该处肌张力低下，韧带松弛和椎关节内外失衡，破坏了椎体间的稳定性。 5.发育性椎管狭窄 许多临床资料表明，颈椎管内径尤其是矢状径，与颈椎病发生有直接关系。椎管狭窄者。当外伤、甚至轻伤时也易发病。而大椎管者不易发病。发育性椎管狭窄应及早手术减压。 此外，颈椎先天畸形，如先天椎体融合、第一椎发育不全或伴颅底凹陷症、棘突畸形等，也会造成颈椎病。 The pathology of cervical spondylosis physiological and pathological anatomy process is quite complex, but the following factors in the produce and recurrence plays a very important role. 1.退行性变 以及由此而致的整个颈椎和颈椎其他部位，如小关节韧带的退变是颈椎病的主因。1. Degeneration and from this and the whole cervical vertebra and other parts of the cervical spine such as a small joint degeneration of the ligament is the major cause of cervical spondylosis.另外，由于不断承受各种负荷、劳损、甚至外伤，也可逐渐出现退行性变。In addition, due to inherit all kinds of load, strain, and even trauma, also can appear gradually degeneration. 2.慢性劳损 慢性劳损是指超过正常生理活动范围的最大限度的活动。2. Chronic strain chronic strain is to point to exceed normal physiological activities range of maximum activities.这种劳损易被忽视，但它是造成颈椎关节退变的主要原因之一。This strain overlooked, but it is cause cervical joint degeneration is one of the main reasons why.包括睡眠的不良体位、工作的姿势不当及不适当的体育锻炼等。Including sleep bad postures, work and not proper posture of physical exercise, etc. 3.3.头部外伤Head trauma资料表明，颈椎病患者中约有半数病例与外伤有直接关系。Data show that about half the patients with cervical spondylopathy cases and trauma has a direct relation.如交通意外、工作与生活中的意外、运动性损伤、不得法的推拿牵引等均可造成不同程度的损伤或加剧颈椎退变。Such as traffic accident, the work and the life accidents, athletic injury, not the traction, are massage method can result in different degree of damage or aggravate cervical degeneration. 4.咽部炎症 资料表明，当咽部及颈部有急慢性4. The data show that, when pharyngeal inflammation pharyngeal and neck have acute or chronic感染infection时，可诱发颈椎病症状出现，或使症状加重。When, can cause cervical vertebra disease symptoms, or make a symptom aggravating.由于该处的炎症改变可直接刺激临近肌肉、韧带、或通过丰富的淋巴系统使炎症在局部扩散，以致造成该处肌张力低下，Due to the change of inflammation can be directly stimulating near muscle, ligaments, or through the lymphatic system makes rich inflammation in local spread, as a result causes the low muscle tension,韧带松弛Ligament is flabby和椎关节内外失衡，破坏了椎体间的稳定性。And vertebral joint inside and outside, destroy the imbalance between vertebral bodies stability. 5.发育性椎管狭窄 许多临床资料表明，颈椎管内径尤其是矢状径，与颈椎病发生有直接关系。5. The developmentally stenosis many clinical data show that cervical the pipe inner especially sagittal diameter, and cervical vertebra disease to happen has a direct relation.椎管狭窄者。The stenosis.当外伤、甚至轻伤时也易发病。When trauma, even minor injuries when the easy also.而大椎管者不易发病。And the big vertebra canal is not easy to come on.发育性椎管狭窄应及早手术减压。The developmentally stenosis should be early surgical decompression. 此外，颈椎先天畸形，如先天椎体融合、第一椎发育不全或伴颅底凹陷症、棘突畸形等，也会造成颈椎病。In addition, cervical vertebra congenital malformation, such as congenital interbody fusion, the first vertebra dysplasia or with the sag disease, spinous process, also can cause the abnormality of cervical spondylosis.
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