◆divide v. 1. 表示“分开”、“划分”,通常指把整体分为若干部分,其后常接介词 into。如: Let’s divide ourselves into groups. 我们分成几个小组吧。 He divided the cake into three parts. 他把蛋糕分成三块。 注:有时也可表示把原来连在一起或靠近的东西分隔开来,与介词 from 连用(此用法以用 separate 更为常见)。如: The Red Sea divides Africa from Asia. 红海把非洲和亚洲分开。 2. 表示“分配”、“分享”、“分担”等意义,其后根据情况可用 between, among, with 等介词。如: Divide the cake among you. 这块蛋糕你们几个人分了吧。 He divided his time between work and study. 他把时间分别花在工作和学习上。 They divided the money between [among] themselves. 他们把那笔钱分了。 ◆do v. 用法较多,较复杂,在具体使用中以下几点需注意: 1. 用来强调句中的谓语动词(要重读),以加强语气,此时谓语的时态由 do 来体现,其后的谓语动词用原形。如: He does speak well. 他的确说得好。 He said he would come and he did come. 他说他会来的,他果然来了。 以上用法若用于祈使句中,可使语气更客气友好或更有说服力。如: Do sit down. 请坐请坐! Do be careful. 一定要仔细。 注:以上用 do 表示强调的用法只见于肯定句,不见于否定句或疑问句。如: 误:You don’t do look nice today. 误:Don’t do be careless. 2. 用于 do +动名词:表示一项需要一段时间的活动或经常性的活动(如日常生活,业余爱好等)。注意:在这类用法中,在 do与动名词之间往往有一个限定词(如:the, some, my, much, a lot of 等)。如: Mother does her washing on Sunday. 母亲星期天洗衣服。 Can you do the shopping for me? 你可以替我买买东西吗? He did a lot of running when he was young. 他年轻时经常跑步。 I’d like to stay at home and do some reading. 我想留在家里看看书。 3. 用于 do with, 主要用法有: (1) 表示需要或希望得到某物,通常与 could 连用,有时与 can 甚至 will 等连用。如: I could do with a cup of coffee. 我想喝一杯咖啡。 You look as if you could do with a good night’s sleep. 你看来似乎需要好好睡上一夜。 若用于否定式,可表示“忍受”。如: I can’t do with loud music. 我受不了喧闹的音乐。 (2) 用来询问如何处理某事物(通常含有把某物弄到哪儿去之意),此时通常要与 what 连用。如: A:What have you done with my pen? 你把我的钢笔弄到哪儿 去了? B:I put it away. 我把它收起来了。 What are we going to do with the food left over from the party? 我们宴会上剩下的食物怎么办? 比较 do with 与 do to: What did you do with my book? 你把我的书弄到哪里去了? What did you do to my book? 你把我书怎样了? (弄坏了还是丢掉了?) 与 what 连用的 do with有时还可以表示“利用”或“对付”。如: I don’t know what to do with this strange object. 我不知道这怪东西有什么用。 What are you going to do with these hooligans? 你打算怎样处置这些小流氓? (3) 表示打发时间或安排时间,其后通常接反身代词。如: Tell me what you did with yourselves on Sunday. 告诉我你们星期天是怎样过的。 后接反身代词,有时表示“控制”。如: The children didn’t know what to do with themselves for excitement. 孩子们兴奋得无法控制自己。 (4) 表示将就或凑合,意为“对付过去”、“凑合着”等。如: Can you do with a five-yuan note? 给你五块钱够了吗? If we can’t afford meat we shall have to do with fish. 要是我们买不起肉,就只得吃鱼了。(英语语法网) |
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来自: 百眼通 > 《02词汇-662》