◆fill v. 1. 表示“装满”、“填满”,可用作及物和不及物动词,通常与介词 with 连用。如: The hole filled with water. 坑里全是水。 He filled the glass with water. 他把杯子装满了水。 比较: People filled the room. 人们把房间挤得满满的。 The room filled with people. 房间里挤满了人。 The room was filled with people. 房间里挤满了人。 He filled the room with his friends. 房间里挤满了他请来的朋友。 2. 有时可带双宾语,双宾语交换位置时用介词 for。如: 去给我倒一杯啤酒来。 正:Go and fill me a glass of beer. 正:Go and fill a glass of beer for me. 3. 表示填洞等,其后可接 in 或 up, 也可不用。如: He filled (in/up) the hole with small stones. 他用小石块把洞填满了。 4. 表示“填表”,其后可接 in, out, up 等。如: He told me to fill in [out, up] the form. 他叫我填那张表。 ◆find v. 1. 表示“发现”。根据情况其后可接各种形式的复合结构(如:名词的复合结构、形容词的复合结构、现在分词的复合结构、过去分词的复合结构、不定式的复合结构等)。如: You will find it a very difficult book. 你会发现这是本很难的书。 He found her alone in the room. 他发现她一个人在屋里。 We find the story (to be) very interesting. 我们发现这个故事很有趣。 I found the girl crying at the gate. 我们在大门口发现有个女孩在哭。 He found the city much changed. 他发现这个城市发生了巨大的变化。 注:接不定式的复合结构,其不定式通常为 to be, 但在被动语态中有时也可用其它动词。如: He was found to have helped himself to public money. 他被发现挪用了公款。 2. 其后有时可接 that 从句。如: I found that the book was very interesting. 我发现这本书很有趣。 They found that he was no longer working there. 他们发现他已经不在那儿工作了。 He found (that) no one could answer his question. 他发现没有人能回答他的问题。 When he arrived, he found that she had gone. 当他到达时,他发现她已经走了。 注:后接 that 从句时,只要句型适合且不影响原意,有时可转换成复合结构,如上面的前面两句可转换为(但后面两句则适合这种转换,因为从句中用了情态动词或完成时态): I found the book very interesting. They fould him no longer working there. 3. 可以带双宾语,若双宾语交换位置用介词 for。如: Please find me my key. /Please find my key for me. 请给我找到我的钥匙。 We found him a good job. /We found a good job for him. 我们为他找了份好工作。 比较下句(此句 found 后为复合宾语): We found him a good teacher. (=We found (that) he was a good teacher. ) 我们发现他是位好老师 4. 用于find out, 表示通过调查或观察询问等而查明情况或弄清事实真相等。如: We must find out the truth of the matter. 我们必须查明事实真相。 If you pretend, you may be found out. 如果你假装,有可能会被揭露的。 5. 用于 find oneself, 主要用法: (1) 表示(突然)发现自己处于某种状态或来到某地方,通常带有一种出乎意料的意味。如: He woke up and found himself in hospital. 他醒来时发现自己在医院里。 He returned to England to find himself famous. 他回到英国,发现自己竟出了名。 (2) 表示发现自己的真实能力、性格、愿望等。如: Mary tried several jobs but at last found herself as a teacher. 玛丽试做了几种工作,但最后发现自己还是适合于当老师。 (3) 指某人身体方面的自我感觉。如: How do you find yourself today? 今天你觉得身体怎样? ◆fine adj. 1. 用作形容词,fine 是一个用法十分广泛的词,除表示天气晴朗外,还可表示“好的(=good)”、“美丽的(beautiful)”、“优秀的(=excellent)”、“令人愉快的(=pleasant)”等,这样用的 fine可以有比较级,也可以受副词 very 的修饰。如: The painting is really very fine. 这幅画的确很美。 He is a fine pianist. 他是位出色的钢琴家。 I’ve never seen a finer animal. 这是我见过最美的动物。 We had a fine holiday in Paris. 我们在巴黎度过了一个愉快的假期。 2. 在口语中可用来表示身体或情况令人满意,此时通常只用作表语,且一般没有比较等级,也不受副词 very 的修饰。如: A:How’s your mother? 你妈妈好吗? B:She’s fine, thank you. 她很好,谢谢。 A:How’s the new job? 新的工作怎么样? B: It’s fine, thank you. 很好,谢谢。 3. 用于 fine and, 后接形容词或副词,用以加强语气(=very)。如: The room is fine and cold. 这房间很冷。 The boy ran fine and fast. 这男孩跑得很快。 4. 在口语中有时用作副词(=very well)。如: It suits me fine. 这很适合我。 The machine works fine if you oil it. 如果你给这部机器上点油,它就能很好地运转。 5. 用于其它词词性: (1) 用作形容词或副词,表示“细小的(地)”。如: fine rain (sand, dust, powder) 细雨(细沙,细灰尘,细粉沫) Cut up the vegetables very fine. 把菜切得碎碎的。 (2) 用动词(及物)或名词(可数),表示“罚款”。如: He paid a fine of $30. /He paid a $30 fine. 他付了30美元的罚款。 The court fined him $200. 法庭罚他200美元。 The driver was fined 30 pounds for speeding. 这位司机因超速被罚款30英镑。 ◆finish v. 1. 表示“完成”,其后接动词作宾语时,要用动名词,而不能用不定式。如: Have you not finished speaking? 你还没讲完吗? He hasn’t finished writing his book. 他那本书还没写完。 注:当 finish 之后的动名词带有宾语时,有时可省去动名词(如果意义清楚的话)。如: He has finished (doing) his work. 他把工作做完了。 2. 用作不及物动词,表示“结束”或“完成”。如: He didn’t finish in time. 他没有及时完成。 The meeting will finish at 3 o’clock. 会议三点结束。 The party finished with a song. 晚会最后唱了首歌结束了。 3. 用过去分词作表语,表示“准备好了”、“做完了”。如: At last she was finished too. 最后她也做完了。 1. 泛指一般意义的“火”,是不可数名词。如: Paper catches fire easily. 纸很容易着火。 The house was completely destroyed by fire. 房子被大火全毁了。 比较以下各句(注意动词与介词的不同搭配): The house was on fire. 房子着火了(着重状态)。 The house took [caught] fire. 房子着火了(着重动作)。 He set fire to the house. =He set the house on fire. 他放火烧了房子(着重动作,且强调有意放火)。 2. 表示具体意义的“火灾”或“炉火”等,是可数名词。如: A fire took place in that street. 那条街发生了火灾。 There were several fires in this city last month. 上个月这个城市发生了好几起火灾。 It’s too cold, and I’ll make [build, light] a fire in the room. 我要屋里生个火。 注:即使表示“火灾”,若不是指具体的一起一起的“火灾”,而是指意义较为抽象的“火灾”,它也通常是不可数名词。如: Look out for fire. 小心火灾。 In case of fire ring the bell. 万一发生火灾,请按铃。 3. 香烟、火柴、打火机等的“火”,在英语中不能用 fire 来表示,而用 light。如: Can you give me a light, please? 劳驾,能借个火吗? (英语语法网) |
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来自: 百眼通 > 《02词汇-662》