极简英语语法——常用时态一网打尽

一般现在时

动词形式：do/does am/is/are

经常性或习惯性的动作

• The festival takes place every two years. 这个节日每两年举办一次

• I go to school at 7：00 every morning except for the weekends. 周末之外，我每天早晨七点去上学。

存在的状态、性质、特征

• I am good at speaking English. 我擅长于说英语

• The pen runs out of ink. 钢笔没墨水了

真理

• Action speaks louder than words. 行动比言语有说服力。

• The earth goes around the sun. 地球为这太阳转

虽然主句时代决定从句时态，客观真理还是一般现在时

• Galileo insisted that the earth goes around the sun. 伽利略坚称地球围着太阳转。

特殊用法

状语从句中，主句将来时从句一般现在时

• I'll go with you as soon as I finish my works. 在做完我的工作后，我将随你走。

• There will be no turmoil when the king emerge. 当王者降临，再没有颠沛流离。

祈使句是将来概念

• Don't try to run before you get used to walk. 在你习惯走路之前，不要试图跑。

一般过去式

动词形式： was/were/did，表示过去的动作或状态

过去的事实

• She was ill when I last saw her. 我上次见她时，她生病呢。

• He had a quarrel with his mother this morning. 他今早和母亲吵架了。

过去经常发生的动作，和often， always连用

• I always got up early on weekdays. 我过去平日一直早起

• She often came to visit me. 她过去经常来拜访我 。

延续性动词的过去式表示过去持续的动作

• I lived in the countryside for 10 years.

• He always kept his words. 他一直说话算数。

过去的习惯

• He used to go for a walk after supper. 他过去常常晚饭后走一走 （现在不了）

• He used to say something to her before he fell asleep. 他过去常在入睡前和她说些话。

现在进行时

变化规则 be+doing：

现在正在发生的

• I am working. 我正在工作。

• He is talking to her. 他正在和她说话。

阶段性的状态

• I am helping my father on the family business these days. 这些天我在帮爸爸处理家族生意。

• We are having exam this week. 我们本周考试。

和always， constanly，continuously，forever等连用表示经常重复的动作，含赞赏，责怪，厌恶之意

• He is always thinking of others first. 他总是先为别人着想。

• You are forever forgetting you homework. 你总是忘了写作业

进行表将来，趋向性动作 come ，go，see，meet等才可以

• I am going home tomorrow. 我明天回家。

一般将来时

相同之处是不可用于条件句

• 1a: There will be a grand ceremony: 这里将有盛大庆典。

• 2a: I am going to make you my wife. 我将让你成为我的妻子。

• 1b: A： Have you told him about the change of the plan? 你告诉他计划改变的事了吗？

• B: Oh, I forgot, I will call him now. 哎呀，我忘了，我现在打电话告诉他。

• 1c：Men will die without air. 没有空气人会死。

• 2c：It looks as if it's going to snow. 看起来要下雪了

常用句型，祈使句do sth and you will

• Study hard and you will be a straight A student. 好好学习，你会变学霸。

• The mistakes you commit now will be repaid later in life. 今日所犯之错，将来会反噬你。

be to

安排，计划要做的

• The CET 4 is to be held at the next June. 四级考试将在下个6月举行。

命令语气

• You are to clean the shoes for me. 你tm是给我擦鞋的。

be about to

表示马上发生，常用于be about to...when结构

• I was about to beat him when his father appeared. 我正要揍他，他爹来了。

• Titanic was about to sail. 泰坦尼克号将要起航。

现在完成时

动词形式： have/has done

表示过去发生的事对现在的影响或结果

• I have finished all my homework. 我已经把全部作业写完了。

• Have your problem been solved? 你的问题已经被解决了吗？

• You have gone , and made me such a fool. 你已远走，让我成傻瓜。

过去发生的，持续到现在的动作，必须是延续性动词

• I have lived here for 10 years. 我已在此地住了十年。

• I have been here waiting for you for so long. 我已在此等你很长时间（现在还在等）

have been to 和 have gone to的区别

• have been to表示去过并回来了

• have gone to 表示去过还没回来

主将从现

• I will give my opinion when I have investigated the problem thoroughly. 在彻查问题之后，我将给出我的意见。

常用句型

• This is/that is/it is the first time/序数词/最高级 sb have/has done sth.

• This is the first time he have spoken with a girl without a blush. 这是他第一次和女的说话不红脸。

• This is the best gift I have received.这是我接受过得最好的礼物。

It has been +一段时间since从句

• It is over 10 years since I left my hometown. 我离家已经超过十年。

现在完成进行时

动词形式：have/has been doing

表示过去的动作一直持续到现在

• They have been studying this problem. 他们一直在研究这个问题。（路还在修）

• What has she been doing since she came to China? 来中国后，她一直在干啥？

• The teacher has been telling the students how to study English since 8. am. 老师在8点开始就一直教我们怎么学英语。

• We have been studying for 3 hours, let play for a while. 我们一直学习了三小时，玩一会儿吧。

过去完成时

动词形式： had done

表示过去某个时间点之前完成的动作

• She had learnt English before kindergarten. 上幼儿园之前她就学英语了。

• By the time she entered kindergarten she had learnt 800 words. 到入幼儿园时，她已经学了八百个单词了。

表示延续

• He said he had been a college student for 2 years. 他说他已经成为一个大学生2年了。

固定句型

It was +最高级或序数词

• Falling in love with her was the best thing I had done. 与她相爱是我做过的最好的事。

• It was the third time he had made the same mistake. 这是他第三次犯同样错误。

hardly... when..., no sooner...then...

• Hardly had the bell rung when He started running out of his classroom.

• No sooner had the bell rung then he started running out of his classroom.

下课铃刚响，他就冲出教室。

表示过去未实现的希望或计划 had hoped, meant, wanted, planned, intended

• I had intended to visit you last year, but the illness prevented me. 我本想去年去看你，可是大病一场没去成。

• I had wanted to help you, but you betrayed me before took actions. 我本来想帮你的，但是你在我行动之前就背叛我了。

by 引导的时间状语

• By the time Tom was released from prison, his son had married. 在汤姆出狱的时候，他的儿子都结婚了。

过去进行时

动词形式： was/were doing

表过去某个时间点正在发生，或者过去某个时间段正在进行的动作。

• She was reading Hamlet when I came in. 我进来时，他正在读哈姆雷特。

• I was playing LOL this time yesterday. 昨日的这个时候，我正在玩英雄联盟。

其它用法同现在进行时

阶段性

• I was watching TV all day last weekend. 上个周末，我整日在看电视。

趋向性动作，进行表将来

• I did not want to stay in that school because one of my best friends were leaving. 当初我不想待在那个学校 是因为一个好朋友将要离开。

• I heard that you were coming to visit me. 当初我听说你将要来看我。

重复动作含感情意味

• She was forever working hard. 他一直努力工作，表示喜欢

过去进行时需要过去的时间支点，如时间状语，when从句

过去将来时

动词形式： would do, was were going to do

从过去的某个时间看将来要发生的动作或状态

• He didn't expect that we would all be there. 当初他没料想到我们会出现在那里。

• He finally took the sword. In there years, there would be disasters. 他终究还是执剑了，三年内，必有灾殃。（预言说他终生不可执剑，否则天下大乱）

将来进行时

动词形式： will/shall be doing

表示将来某一时刻发生并延续的动作

将来某一时刻发生的动作

• Will we still being together this time 10 years later? 10年后的今天，我们还会在一起吗？

• I will be flying to New York this time tomorrow. 明日此时，我将飞赴纽约。

• Can I visit you at 10 o'clock this morning? 今天上午10点我能拜访你吗？

• I am sorry, but by then I will be flying to Singapore. How about the next week? 对不起，那时我会在飞往新加坡的飞机上，下周怎么样？

表示主观的决心和意志

• behave yourself，I will be watching you. 规矩点，我将会看着你

对将来的打算或预测

• Have this cake, and you will not be feeling hungry. 吃完这块蛋糕你就不觉得饿了。

• The class will be over, and I will be returning home. 课程将要结束，我将要回家。

表结果

• Go away or you are crying for your mother. 快走，否则打的你哭着找妈妈。