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短语归纳 1.grow up成长；长大 2.every day每天 3.be sure about对……有把握 4.make sure确信；务必 5.send…to…把……送到…… 6.be able to能 7.the meaning of……的意思 8.write down写下；记下 9.different kinds of不同种类的 10.hardly ever几乎不；很少 11.have to do with关于；与..有关系 12.ta take up开始做；学着做 13.too…to…太……而不能…… 14.be going to+动词原形 打算做某事 15.practice doing练习做某事 16.keep on doing sth.不断地做某事 17.learn to do sth.学会做某事 18.finishdoing sth.做完某事 19.promise to do sth.许诺去做某事 20.help sb. to dosth.帮助某人做某事 21.remember to do sth.记住做某事 22.agree to do sth.同意做某事 23.love to do sth.喜爱做某事 24.want to do sth.想要做某事 语法讲解 因为 如：Thank you for helping me. I had to stop, forI was feeling quite hungry. 支持 如：Are you for or against （反对） theplan? 9. Some resolutions have to do with betterplanning, like making a weekly plan for schoolwork.有些决心是与更好地计划有关，比如为学习做周计划。 keep a promise :遵守承诺 break a promise 违背承诺 11. The first resolution is about my own personalimprovement. 第一个决心与自我提高有关。 owner: 所有者；拥有者 the owner of the house on one’s own: 单独；独自 (=alone) 2). improve(v):(使）好转；改善 I expect to improve my English. improvement (n) 改进；改善 improve on sth. 对…做出改进： He improvedon his plan. 12. To question the idea of making resolutions. 对下决心这种想法提出质疑 短语归纳 1.on computer在电脑上 2.on paper在纸上 3.wake up醒来 4.live todo 200 years old活动200岁 5.free time空闲时间 6.in danger处于危险之中 7.on theearth在地球上 8.play a part in sth.参与某事 9.in the future在未来 10space station太空站 11.computer programmer电脑编程员 12. look for寻找 13.hundredsof许多；成百上千 14thesame…as…与……一样 15.getbored感到厌烦的 16.over andover again多次；反复地 17.fall down倒塌 18.will+动词原形 将要做…… 19.fewer/more+可数名词复数 更少/更多…… 20.less/more+不可数名词 更少/更多…… 21.have to do sth.不得不做某事 22.agree with sb.同意某人的意见 23.such+名词（词组） 如此…… 24.play apart in doing sth. 参与做某事 25.There will be + 主语+其他 将会有…… 26.There is/are +sb./sth.+doing sth.有……正在做某事 27.make sb. do sth. help sb. withsth.帮助某人做某事 28.try to do sth. 尽力做某事 29.It’s+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事……的。 语法讲解 1. Books will only be on computers, not onpaper. 书将只在电脑里，而不是在纸上。 2. There will be more pollution. 将会有更多的污染。 1).There will be + n = There is/aregoing to be + n 将会有… (不能have与连用) Thereis going to be a football match this Friday. 2). pollution(u.n): 污染；公害 pollute(v)：污染；弄脏 polluted(adj)：受污染的 3. Everyone should play a part in saving theearth. 每个人应该参与挽救地球。 5. Today thereare already robots working in factories. 现在已经有机器人在工厂里工作了。 There be sb.doing sth. 有某人正在做… There is a bird singingin the tree. 6.They agree it may take hundreds of years. 他们同意这可能花费几百年的时间。 It takes + 时间 + (for sb.) todo sth. 某人花费时间区做某事。 It took me half an hour to finish my homework. agree to do sth. We agree to meet up later and talk thingsover(认真商量)
sb. agree onsth. 某人（达成协议的双方）就…达成协议. Do you agree withme about/on the plan? hundreds/thousands/millionsof sth.; two…hundred/ thousand/million sth. 7. Some scientists believe that there will be more robots in thefuture.
I believe so. 我这样认为； I believe not. 我不这样认为 8. Which side do you agree with? 你同意哪一方的观点？ side: 一方；一边；一面；一侧等 change sides 改变立场、观点； side by side 肩并肩 from side to side 左右地； put sth to one side 把… 搁在一边 9. These new robots will have many different shapes. 这些新的机器人将会有许多不同的形状。
under the building. 如果楼房倒塌而里面还有人，蛇形机器人就能帮助寻找人。 词组： fall down: 跌倒; (物) 倒塌 fall off ：从...上落下；（物）脱落 fall into：掉入；落入 fall over：被...绊倒 He fell overa stone. fall behind: 落后 fallin love with...: 爱上... 11.I think I’ll take a holiday in Hong Kong whenpossible. 我想如果可能的话我会去香港度假。 take a holiday: 去度假 ; when possible = if possible: 如果可能的话 一般将来时 1. 含义：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作. 1). In the future, therewill be less fresh water. 2). They’re going to buy some food right away. 2. 常与一般将来时连用的时间状语有: in the future,tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next (month), at once(立刻;马上), soon, right away(立刻;马上), right now(现在;马上), sooner or later(迟早), later， in + 一段时间等 3. 结构: （1）1) will +动词原形（第一人称用shall） （2）be going to +动词原形 （3）否定： 一加二改： 一加（助动词 + not ）; 二改（some 改为 any ） 1). He will visit you tomorrow. --- He won’t visityou tomorrow. 2). ---- Theyaren’t going to buy any food. （4）. 一般疑问：一提二改三升调：把（will / be）提到句首；把some改为any、句号改为问好； 1). Will hevisit you tomorrow? ------ Yes, hewill. / No, he won’t. 2). Are they going to buy any food? ------ Yes ,they are. / No, they aren’t. 4.注意： 1). 在口语中， will常缩写为’ll， will not常缩写为won’t. 2). 在疑问句中，主语为第一人称（I 和we）时，常用助动词shall： Shall we meet at the school gate tomorrow？ 3). be going to 也可以表示将要发生的动作或安排，含有“计划，准备”的意思。更强调主观：I’m going to take a trip this weekend； 而will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情: He will be twenty years old nextmonth. 从不严格的语法角度而言，be going to与 will二者可以. 4). There be 句型的一般将来时结构为： There is/are going to be + n... ; There will be + n...: 将会有... (不能与have连用) 5). come, go, leave, arrive等表示位置移动的动词常用现在进行时表示将来： He is arriving at 8 o’clock tomorrow. 6). 在条件、时间状语从句中，一般是主将从现。 If(如果) it is fine tomorrow,I’m going on a trip. 短语归纳 milk shake奶昔 turn on接通（电流、煤气、水等）；打开 pour…into…把……倒入…… a cup of yogurt一杯酸奶 a good idea好主意 on Saturday在星期六 cut up切碎 put…into…把……放入…… one more thing还有一件事 a piece of一片/张/段/首…… at this time在这时 a few一些；几个 fill… with…用……把……装满 cover…with…用……覆盖…… one by one一个接一个；逐个；依次 a long time很长时间 how many+可数名词复数 多少…… how much+不可数名词 多少…… It’s time (for sb.)+to do sth. 到（某人）做某事的时间了 First…Next…Then…Finally 首先……接下来……然后…….最后…… want + to do sth.想要做某事 forget+to do sth.忘记去做某事 how + to do sth.如何做某事 need+to do sth.需要做某事 make+宾语+形容词 使……怎样 let sb. +do sth.让某人做某事 语法讲解
5. These days, most Americansstill celebrate this idea of giving thanks /by having a big mealat home with their family.现在，大部分的美国人仍然通过和家人在家里共进丰盛的一餐来庆祝这个感恩的节日。 The idea of (doing) sth: 目的；意图 He is saving money with the idea of buying a car. 6. At this time, people also rememberthe first travelers from 7. Next，fill the turkey with this bread mix. 接下来，把这个面包混合物填充到火鸡里。
可数名词与不可数名词 一．初中常见的不可数名词有： wood ice ice cream wool metal glass hair dust air water milk wine beer bread sugar rice meat cheese weather sunshine experience traffic homework advice housework information peace trouble anger food fish grass tea drink coffee fruit snow education knowledge time music coke paper orange chicken hair exercise friendship pollution work room news salad popcorn corn salt pepper gravy honey soup porridge sunshine light money rain wind Chinese Japanese English beef pork oil juice 二．1．既可修饰可数名词也可修饰：all, some, most, a lot of, lots of, plenty of … 2．修饰可数名词的词有：数词（one...）, few, a few, many, a number of, numbers of... 3. 修饰不可数名词的词有：little, a little, a bit of, much, a great deal of, alarge amount of 4. 不可数名词通常用“数词+量词+of+不可数名词”表示复数： three pieces of paper 祈使句 一．定义：祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。 二．结构： 1. 肯定的祈使句：动词原形+其他 Stand up, please. Be careful! 2．否定的祈使句: 1). Don't + 动词原形 Don’t laugh at others. 2). Never do sth. Never dothat again! 3). No + v-ing/n. No smoking! No noise, please. 4). Let’s not do sth. Let’snot waste time. 5). Don’t let sb. do sth. Don’t let them make any noise. 短语归纳 on Saturdayafternoon在周六下午 prepare for为……做准备 go to the doctor去看医生 have the flu患感冒 help my parents帮助我的父母 come to the party来参加聚会 another time其他时间 last fall去年秋天 go to the party去聚会 hang out常去某处；泡在某处 the day after tomorrow后天 the day before yesterday前天 have a pianolesson上钢琴课 look after照看；照顾 accept an invitaton接受邀请 turn down aninvitation拒绝邀请 take a trip去旅行 at the end of this month这个月末 look forward to盼望；期待 the opening of… ……的开幕式/落成典礼 reply in writing书面回复 go to the concert去听音乐会 not…until直到……才 meet my friend会见我的朋友 visit grandparents拜访祖父母 study for a test为考试学习 have to不得不 too much homework太多作业 do homework做家庭作业 go to the movies去看电影 after school放学后 on the weekend在周末 invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事 what引导的感叹句结构：What+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数（+主语+谓语）！ What+adj.+名词复数/不可数名词（+主语+谓语）！ help sb.（to）do sth.帮助某人做某事 be sad to do sth.做某事很悲伤 see sb. do sth. see sb.doingsth. the best way to do sth.做某事最好的方式 have a surprise party for sb.为某人举办一个惊喜派对 look forward to doing sth.期盼做某事 reply to sth./sb.答复某事/某人 What’s today?今天是什么日子？ What’s the date today? What day is it today? 语法讲解 1、prepare意为“准备”，强调准备的动作与过程。宾语是这一动作的承受者。其后也可接双宾语，还可接不定式。 prepare for sth. 为…准备好。for的宾语不是动作的承受者，而是表示准备的目的，即所要应付的情况。 / prepare to dosth 准备做某事。 prepare 强调准备的动作与过程。宾语是这一动作的承受者。其后也可接双宾语，还可接不定式。 get/be ready意为“准备好”，强调准备的结果。常见结构有：①beready(for sth．)②getsth. ready ③be ready(for sth)④be get ready to do(准备干某事，乐于干某事) We _____ the mid-term examination. Miss Li said, “Everyone should ______beforeclass. 2. have the flu 患感冒, have a cold 感冒 ,have a cough 咳嗽, have a fever 发烧 , have a sore throat 喉咙痛, have a headache 头痛 ,have a toothache 牙痛， 3. hang out 常去某处，泡在某处, hang on 紧紧抓住, hang about 闲荡, hang up 挂电话，悬挂，挂起 4. catch you =see you = bye bye ,catch a cold感冒 , catch sb’s eye引起某人注意, catch the train 赶上火车 catch up with =keep up with 赶上，跟上 ,catch hold of=take hold of 抓住 5.accept 接受 , 反义词为： refuse。 accept指主观上愿意接受，receive 收到，指客观上收到或拿到，但主观上不一定会接受。 I received his gift yesterday, but I wouldn’tlike to accept it. （1） turn down = refuse 拒绝 turn up 放大调高 turn over 翻身 take turns 依次，轮流 （2） help sb.(to) do sth 帮助某人做某事 helpsb. with sth 在某方面帮助人 help oneself to sth 随便吃 （3）at the end of 在…末尾，在…尽头， bythe end of 到…末为止 in the end of 终于 6.surprised 形容词，感到意外的，主语是人be surprised to do sth 对做某事感到意外 surprising 形容词，令人惊讶的，主语是物 Thenews was surpring.surprise 名词，惊奇、惊讶 to one’s surprise使某人吃惊，动词，使惊奇，使感到意外 It surprise sb to do sth. 7. look forward to 期待，盼望，to 是介词，后跟名词，代词或动名词作宾语。 hear from sb. 收到某人的来信 = receive a letter from sb. hear of = hear about 听说 8.make it 在约定的时间内到达，能够来 = arrive in time; Glad you couldmake it. 商量确定的时间，表示将来某项计划的安排，后接时间状语。 Let’s make it at seven o’clock on Tuesday. 成功办成某事 = succeed After yearsof hard work, he finally made it. 9.reply 回答，指用口头或书面形式回答，不及物动词 reply to sb/sth. 对…..作出回答。 作及物动词，意为回答，回答说。作名词，意为：答道，回信，答复，后跟介词 to . answer 是最普通的用语，包括口头，书面或行动的回答，可作及物和不及物动词。 短语归纳 stay at home待在家里 take the bus乘公共汽车 tomorrow night明天晚上 have a class party进行班级聚会 half the class一半的同学 make some food做些食物 order food订购食物 have a class meeting开班会 at the party在聚会上 potatochips炸土豆片，炸薯条 in the end最后 make mistakes犯错误 go to the party去参加聚会 have a great/good 玩得开心 give sb. some advice给某人提一些建议 go to college上大学 make（a lot of）money赚（许多）钱 travel aroundthe world环游世界 work hard努力工作 a soccer player一名足球运动员 keep…to oneself保守秘密 talk with sb.与某人交谈 in life 在生活中 be angry at/about sth.因某事生气 be angry with sb.生某人的气 in the future在将来 run away逃避；逃跑 the first step第一步 in half分成两半 solve a problem解决问题 school clean-up学校大扫除 ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事 give sb. sth.给某人某物 tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人做某事 too…to do sth.太……而不能做某事 be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事 advise sb. to do sth.劝告某人做某事 It’s best (not) to do sth.最好（不）做某事 need to do sth.需要做某事 语法讲解 由 if 引导的条件状语从句 (主将从现) 1、 I think I am going to the party with Karen and Ann. |
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