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一.十种时态 时态指的是一定的时间里动作所处的状态，构成谓语动词时态有两个要素，一是时间，二状态。时间可分为四类：过去、现在、将来及过去将；状态也可以分为四类：一般态、进行态、完成态及完成进行态。从高考考纲看，在一般态里要求考生掌握四种时间里的状态，在进行态里要求考生掌握三种时间里的状态，在完成态里要求考生掌握二种时间里的状态，在完成进行态里要求考生掌握一种时间里的状态，总共为４+３+２+１，十种时态。以动词ask为例： 二.时态的确定 时态里的时间除了可以分为过去、现在、将来与过去将来四种外，我们还可以把时间分为相对具体时间和非具体时间。非具体时间里动作一般用一般态，具体的时间段一般用完成态，具体的时间点一般用进行态或完成态，相对于其它动作的具体时间一般用进行态。总之时态的确定既要考虑时间，还要注意说话人的意图及动词的性质。 三.时态填空练习（用所给单词的适当形式填空） 1. Shakespeare’s play Hamlet_____________ (make )into at least ten different films over the past years. 2. Hurry up! Mark and Carl _____________ (expect)us. 3. --- So what is the procedure?--- All the applicants _____________ (interview) before a final decision is made by the authority. 4. The girl has a great interest in sport and _____________ (take)badminton classes twice a week over the last three years. 5. “What do you want to be?” asked Mrs. Crawford. “Oh, I _____________ (be)president,” said the boy, with a smile. 6. Around two o’clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat _____________ (bother)us. 7. If nothing _____________ (do), the oceans will turn into fish deserts. 8.— Have you heard about the recent election? — Sure, it _____________ (be) the only thing on the news for the last three days. 9. — I don’t understand why you didn’t go to the lecture yesterday afternoon. —I’m so sorry. But I _____________ (do)my homework. 10. Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others _____________ (be)essential to their development. 11. —What about your self-drive trip yesterday? —Tiring! The road is being widened, and we_____________ (have)a rough ride. 12. I _____________ (come)to visit you later that day, but I had to phone and cancel. 13.. We are confident that the environment _____________ (improve) by our further efforts to reduce pollution. 14. On Monday mornings it usually_____________ (take)me an hours to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles. 15. We _____________ (leave)very early so we packed the night before. 四.参考答案 1.has been made 2.are expecting 3.are interviewed 4.has been taking 5.will be 6.bothers 7.is done 8.has been 9.was doing 10.is 11.had 12.was coming 13.will be improved 14.takes 15.were leaving |
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