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配图来源：网络 你对美军的陆军编制体系了解吗？你知道在英语中，军师旅团营该怎么表达吗？你知道那些在原版战争电影中耳熟能详的squad, company, corps, lieutenant, sergeant具体是指什么吗？ 学习完这期内容，相信你一定会对美国陆军编制有进一步的认识，也能够用地道的英文介绍军队的结构编成！OK, let's get started ... The elements in the organizational chart for the U.S. Army span from the individual soldier all the way to the largest building block commonly used, the Corps. In between are the intermediate elements of Army organization, including the squad, platoon, company, battalion, brigade and division. As you move through the organization, the elements become larger and also encompass more combat support units. 美国陆军组织结构图包含的元素很广，从单兵一直到规模最大的组成部分—兵团。单兵和兵团之间则是陆军架构的中间组成部分，包括班、排、连、营、旅和师。 这些编制逐级增大，而且编制规模越大，所包含的战斗支援部队就越多。
U.S. Army Military Organization --- from Fire Team to Field Army / Group 美国陆军组织结构 — 从火力组到野战军/军团 Fire Team A Fire Teams is comprised of 2 Riflemen, one being the Team Leader, a Grenadier, and an Automatic Rifleman used when small recon or special missions are required. Led by a sergeant. 火力组 火力组由2名步枪兵组成，1名掷弹兵和1名自动步枪兵。2名步枪兵中一名担任组长，只有当需要进行小型侦察或特殊任务时才使用自动步枪兵。火力组由一名中士指挥。 配图来源：网络 Squad/section A squad, which is the smallest element in the Army structure, is typically made up of four to 10 soldiers and normally is commanded by a sergeant or staff sergeant. Some units have two squads that made up a section, commanded by a staff sergeant. 班/小队 作为美国陆军架构中最小的组成元素，一个班通常由4到10个士兵组成，由一名中士或上士指挥。某些部队安排2个班组成一个小队，并由一名上士指挥。 配图来源：网络 Platoon Normally, a platoon includes 16 to 44 soldiers and is led by a lieutenant with an NCO as second in command. A platoon usually consists of three to four squads or sections. 排 通常情况下，一个排包含16至44名士兵，由一名中尉指挥，并由一名士官担任副指挥。一个排通常由3到4个班或小队组成。 配图来源：网络 Company A company contains three to five platoons and a total of 60 to 200 soldiers. It's commanded by a captain with a first sergeant as the commander's principal NCO assistant. If the element is an artillery unit, it's called a battery rather than a company. If it's armored or air cavalry, it's called a troop. A company is a tactical sized unit and can perform a battlefield function on its own. 连 一个连包含3到5个排，编制总数约60到200名士兵，由一名上尉指挥，并有一名士官长担任连指挥官的首席士官助手。如果这个连是炮兵单位，则称为炮兵连（battery）。如果是装甲兵或者空骑兵，就称之为骑兵连（troop）。连是基本战术分队，能够独立执行作战任务。 配图来源：网络 Battalion This encompasses four to six companies and between 300 and 1,000 soldiers. A battalion normally is commanded by a lieutenant colonel, and a command sergeant major serves as principal NCO assistant. A battalion can conduct independent operations, if they're of limited scope and duration, and operates its own administration. An armored or air cavalry unit of equivalent size is known as a squadron. 营 营包含4到6个连，编有300到1000名士兵不等，通常由一名中校指挥，并有一名指挥军士长作为首席士官助手。如果达到一定的规模和自我维持时间，并且能够独立行管，这个营就能独立执行任务。相同规模的装甲或空骑兵部队被称为中队。 配图来源：网络 Brigade A brigade includes 1,500 to 3,200 soldiers, and a brigade headquarters commands the tactical operation of two to five combat battalions. Brigades normally are employed on independent or semi-independent operations, and normally are commanded by a colonel with a command sergeant major as senior NCO. In some cases, a brigadier general may assume command. Armored cavalry, ranger and special forces units in this size range are called regiments instead of brigades. 旅 旅编制人数为1500到3200不等。旅指挥部负责指挥2到5个战斗营的战术行动。旅通常从事独立或半独立行动，由一名上校担任指挥官，并有一名指挥军士长作为首席士官助手。在某些情况下，指挥官可能由一名准将担任。此规模的装甲骑兵部队、游骑兵部队和特种部队通常被称为团，而不是旅。 配图来源：网络 Division A division, with 10,000 to 16,000 soldiers, usually consists of three brigade-sized elements and is commanded by a major general, who is assisted by two brigadier generals. It can conduct major tactical operations and sustained battlefield operations and engagements. Divisions are numbered and are assigned missions based on their structures. 师 师编有10000到16000名士兵，通常由3个旅规模的部队单元组成，指挥官由少将担任，并有2名准将参与协助。师能够执行主要的战术任务、持续的战场行动和交火任务。师都有自己的编号，并根据其结构指派任务。 配图来源：网络 Corps A corps includes 20,000 to 45,000 soldiers and is made up of two to five divisions. It's normally commanded by a lieutenant general, who is assisted by a command sergeant major. The corps provides the framework for modern multi-national operations. 军/兵团 军编制大约20000到45000名士兵，由2到5个师组成，指挥官通常为中将，并由一名指挥军士长参与协助。兵团为现代化多国行动提供了框架。 配图来源：网络 Field army A field army combines two or more corps, with 50,000 or more soldiers, and is typically commanded by a lieutenant general or higher-ranking officer. 野战军/集团军 野战军通常包含2个或更多的军,编有50000人或更多，指挥官通常由中将或更高级别的指挥官担任。
配图来源：网络 Army Groups The U.S. Army hasn't used Army Groups since World War II. 军团 美国陆军二战后不再设立军团编制。
配图来源：网络 The Army hasn't set a specific size to any specific element in its organizational chart. Instead, the number of soldiers in any given element of command depends on the type of unit involved and its mission. 美国陆军在其组成框架中并没有给任何编制限定人数规模。所有建制单位的编制数量往往取决于其包含的部队类别和具体任务。
文章涉及的重点词汇： 文章词汇朗读 来自军事英语ABC 00:00 02:20
最后，让我们来看一段有关美军陆军军官的宣传片吧！
高清请点击“阅读原文”跳转B站观看， 或发送“infantry”至公众号获取链接！ 视频涉及的重点词汇：（获取朗读录音文件，请发送“voice”至后台公众号）
根据视频里的内容，请大家思考下面三个问题： 1. What qualities help infantry leaders to succeed in any mission? 2. What would infantry officers be afforded as they approach mid-career? 3. What kind of people are suitable for infantry? KEY: 1. Physically fit, mentally tough, good at solving problems, innovative, being a multi-tasker and bodily-kinesthetic. 2. Infantry officers are afforded opportunities to pursue graduate education and develop expertise suiting them for leadership. 3. Those who are strongly determined, ready for challenges, and eager to be a leader and solve problems.
词汇整理 / 郦弈帆 视频编辑 / 蔡亦李 策划&审校 / JACKY |
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