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大家好，我是奇兵老师。前面有两篇文章讲述了高中改错题的技巧，现在我们来看一看语法填空题的一些技巧。这些技巧同样很强大，有些不用看懂句子只需看懂少量单词也能做对题目。虽然技巧是属于临阵磨枪类型，不能保证100%有用，但对于要考试的学生，尤其对于那些分数在80分以下的学生来说，这些技巧将会帮助到你。 同样地，这些技巧是按照从易到难来排列，最先讲的技巧是最简单的。 1、形容词变副词 例：The title will be _______（official）given to me at a ceremony in London.（2016全国卷I） 讲解：此题出现概率很高，只要你认出了括号里面的单词是形容词，那么句子不用看了，直接把这个单词变成副词。形容词变副词大多数都是在单词末尾加ly。这一题是把official变成officially。常见的形容词后缀有“ful,ial,ual,ent,ant”，如果你不是括号里的单词但是看到这个单词后面是这些字母，可以大胆地尝试在后面加ly 练习1：Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks________（regular） （2016全国卷II） 练习2：Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which________（gradual） turned into chopsticks.（2016全国卷III） 练习3：Chinese scientist ________（recent） had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.（2016四川） 练习4：A travel company in Hong Kong, says it________（recent）arranges quick getaways here for people.（2015全国卷I） 练习5：Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat________（slow）during cool night.（2015全国卷II） 练习6：The river was so polluted that it ________（actual）caught fire and burned.（2014全国卷I） 练习7：Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers ________（sudden）became friendly to one another.（2014全国卷II） 练习8：Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been_______(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.（2017全国卷II） 练习9：It is_______(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.（2017全国卷III） 练习10：________（lucky）,he also had a cow which produced milk every day.（2015广东） 答案：1、regularly 2、gradually 3、recently 4、recently 5、slowly 6、actually 7、suddenly 8、fairly 9、certainly 10、Luckily 2、名词变复数 例：The nursery team switches him every few _______(day)with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, the other is with mum-she never suspects.（2016全国卷I） 讲解：括号里面的词是名词，对于这种情况，不用看句子，90%的情况下直接把这个名词变成复数。因为名词只有一种变化，就是变为复数。这题的答案是把day变成days 练习1：Recent _______(study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly（2016全国卷II） 练习2：Any smell might attract natural _______(enemy) that would try to eat the little panda.（2016四川） 练习3：I’d skipped nearby Guilin,a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River, which are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _______(painting)（2015全国卷I） 练习4：While there are amazing stories of instant transformation, for most of us the ________（change）are gradual and require a lot of effort and work.（2014全国卷II） 练习5：This trend, which was started by the medical community as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side________ (effect) such as overweight and heart disease-the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.（2017全国卷I） 练习6：It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible ________(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from word.（2017全国卷II） 练习7：She has turned down several________(invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. （2017全国卷III） 答案：1、studies 2、enemies 3、paintings 4、changes 5、effects 6、crowds 7、invitations 3、by前面的动词 例：The giant panda________(love) by people throughout the world.（2016四川） 讲解：对于by前面的动词只有两种变形，如果是谓语动词就写成be+动词过去分词形式，如果是非谓语动词写成动词的过去分词形式就行。动词的过去分词形式一般是在末尾加ed。本题答案是：is loved 练习1：The adobe dwellings________(build)by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers.（2015新课标II） 练习2：A study of travelers ________(conduct) by the website TripAdivsor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. 答案：练习1：根据句意build在这里要变成非谓语动词built 练习2：根据句意conduct在这里要变成非谓语动词conducted 4、it变成its 练习1：On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by ________(it) mother.（2016全国卷I） 练习2：By that time, the panda no longer needed________(it) mother for food.（2016四川） 练习3：A few hours later, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with________(it) choking smog.（2015全国卷I） 5、be动词 这些题基本上也不要读懂句子，但要看一看空格附近的单词 一般在am,is,are,was,were这5个单词之间选择，就算是猜也是在这5个be动词之间猜 I 后面跟的是 am或was; he,she,it和第三人称单数后面跟的是is或was we,you,they和复数后面跟的是are或were am，is的过去式是was，are的过去式是were 练习1：Yangshuo ________(be)really beautiful（2015全国卷I） 练习2：Leaving the less important things until tomorrow________(be)often acceptable.（2016全国卷I） 练习3：In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland,Ohio. It________(be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned.（2014全国卷I） 练习4：Fast food ________(be) full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.（2017全国卷I） 练习5：Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and ________(be)too violent for use at the table.（2017全国卷III） 答案：1、主语YangShuo是一个城市名字，把be变成is 2、主语是动词ing短语，相当于第三人称单数，把be变成is 3、主语是it，根据上文提示是过去式，把be变成was 4、主语是fast food不可数名词，相当于第三人称单数，把be变成is 5、主语是knives，时态是过去时，把be变成were 6、介词或动词enjoy,like,love,keep,include后面的动词要变成ing形式 讲解：上面几个动词必须要背下。在考试中只要看到这几个动词，他们后面的动词哪怕你不认识也可以直接变成ing形式，不用看懂句子。 另外，常见的介词有： “in,on,at,of,about,after,before,by,from,with,without……” 练习1：My ambassadorial duties will include________(introduce) British visitors to the 120-puls pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.（2016全国卷I） 练习2：In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition”a house without ________(use)electric.（2015全国卷II） 练习3：One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about________(be) late for school（2014全国卷II） 练习4：Keep________(hold) your position for a while.（2014辽宁） 练习5：Fast food is full of fat and salt; by ________(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.（2017全国卷I） 练习6：Still,the boy kept________(ride) .（2014全国卷II） 答案：1、introducing 2、using 3、being 4、holding 5、eating 6、riding 7、ask,want,choose,plan,refuse,decide…后面的动词要变成动词不定式 讲解：同样，上面几个动词必须要背下。在考试中只要看到这几个动词，他们后面的动词哪怕你不认识也可以直接变成to-v动词不定式形式，不用看懂句子。 练习1：I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused________(stop) until we reached the next stop.（2014全国卷II） 练习2：But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models wants________(prove) that ……（2017全国卷III） 答案：1、to stop 2、to prove 8、than 例：Finally,that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is ________(clean) than ever. （2014全国卷I） 讲解：than意为“比”，在考试中只要看到than，其前面的形容词就一定是写成比较级，比较级一般是在词尾加er。本题答案是cleaner |
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