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Almost everyone knows how many years it has been since they were born, but did you know that this isn't the only indicator of how old you actually are? Gray hairs, wrinkles and other physical signs of aging can also be expected. Here we list some of the changes that your body will go through as you get older. 俗话说，人活七十古来稀。然而年龄不是判断衰老的唯一标志，身体的运作状况才是。白发、皱纹、老花眼……哪些信号提醒你变老了？专家总结出衰老的信号，帮你自查身体年龄。 Tired eyes As you age, you may suffer from dryness of the eyes and find it increasingly difficult to adapt to low light levels. You might also develop a sensitivity to very bright lights. 随着年龄的增长，你时常眼睛干，一到晚上就看不清楚，对强光愈发敏感。 Eating problems Over the course of a normal lifetime, the muscles of the jaw lose about 40 percent of their mass. This, combined with the fact that your mouth produces less saliva when you're older, can make chewing and swallowing difficult. 在人的一生中，随着年龄增大面部肌肉会退化40%左右。因为腮腺分泌的唾液减少，容易感到口干。由于吞咽、咀嚼能力变差，面部肌肉松弛，吃东西容易呛到。
The upshot of this is a tendency to eat slower and preference for softer foods among older people. 进食速度慢，或抱怨食物煮太硬，咀嚼时常不小心咬到脸颊内侧的肉等，都是变老的标志。
Dulled taste buds Taste and smell are two closely linked senses that both become less sensitive the older we get. You may not notice at first, until your family ask why the food you cook is always so salty! 人老后味蕾减少、嗅觉细胞退化，食物吃起来变得较无味。尤其对甜、咸感觉不敏感，煮菜容易做得较咸。
Raised blood pressure Arteries become narrower and less resilient to wear and tear with age, leading to hypertension. 年龄增加后，动脉趋于硬化、狭窄且弹性较差，血压会比过去高。 Our kidney functions also tend to deteriorate, which can result in even higher blood pressure, especially when aggravated by too much dietary salt. 肾功能随年龄自然退化，影响排钠的能力，血压更容易升高。 Becoming shorter Aging causes our bone density to decrease, cartilage to degenerate and muscles to shrink, resulting in a shorter, lighter body overall. 人老后骨密度变低，加上肌肉流失速度变快、细胞水分减少等，老人的身高、体重会逐渐比以往下降一些。 Slower recovery Our immune systems weaken as we age, meaning wounds take longer to heal. Recovery time is also prolonged for common ailments such as colds and the flu. 免疫功能会随老化变差。受伤时，伤口愈合会比以前慢，感冒也需要较多天才会复原。 Increased bathroom use Most older people have a slower digestive system, which can lead to constipation. 因肠道肌肉较无力加上肠道神经老化，人老后肠道蠕动减少，就容易有便秘的状况。 Their bladder capacity is also reduced, resulting in frequent urination, especially at night. 此外，人变老后，膀胱容量会稍微变少，导致排尿频繁，尤其夜间起来上厕所的次数变多。 Changing sleeping patterns It's not uncommon for the elderly to sleep less but fatigue easily. They can also find it harder to fall asleep when they want. 变老的另一个标志是比以往难入睡，睡眠时间比以前少，晚上容易醒，白天又需要补觉。 More stumbles and falls Degeneration of the bones and joints causes a lack of flexibility, which can mean that older people adopt a sluggish gait and become more prone to stumbling. 因骨骼退化、肌力衰退、脚踝关节活动度变小，走路时就会不自觉拖着脚跟，不小心踢到物品或被绊倒。 Slower walking pace As above, muscular atrophy and a general lack of joint mobility can affect the pace at which older people walk. Decreased heart and lung function also has apart to play, and can cause shortness of breath. 因心肺功能下降，加上肌力萎缩、关节活动度变低，老人的步伐会比以前小，快走时容易喘不上气，或觉得累，想停下来休息。 Aging is unavoidable and it's perfectly natural to experience some or all of the symptoms listed above as you age. But beware these next three common signs of aging, as they could indicate something far more life-threatening: 年纪变大后，体力衰退、反应变慢在所难免，大部分都正常。但有些异常症状特别容易被当成自然老化的现象，很可能是需要赶紧治疗的疾病。 Trembling hands
If your hands start to shake, don't dismissit too easily because it could be a precursor to Parkinson's disease. Other early indicators include stiff limbs and poor balance. Consult a medical professional if you have any concerns. 需要警惕的是有些手抖可能是帕金森的前兆。一般来说，帕金森除手抖之外，通常还有四肢与表情僵硬、步伐缓慢、平衡感不佳的症状，身体看起来有点驼背，且手抖的状况在静止或活动时都会发生。 Poor memory and slow reactions
As our brains gets older, we react more slowly to things and tend to become more forgetful. Most of the time, this reduced memory function doesn't have too big of an effect on our daily lives. 年纪大后，因脑神经传导物质的减少，反应力会比以前稍慢，注意力较不集中，或偶尔忘记一些事。但大多数时候，记忆力轻微的变差不会影响到日常生活。
But forgetfulness can also signal the onset of dementia, such as Alzheimer's disease. Neurological disorders like this are progressive and irreversible. 如果发现长辈记性明显变差，如常常才讲过的事情又重复交代、忘记前一两天发生过的事、忘记过去一向熟悉的事，且有情绪暴躁、奇怪举动等表现，就要警惕可能是老年痴呆症的前兆。 Asthma and fatigue
Asillnesses and other medical issues become more common with age, so does fatigue. Demanding tasks such as climbing flights of stairs or walking long distances can leave older people exhausted and out of breath. 人老后，体力、心肺功能变差，有些老人从事以往习惯的活动，如买菜、爬楼梯、逛街等，会比较容易疲劳或气喘吁吁。 This is nothelped by asthma, which becomes increasingly common among people over the age of 65. 哮喘的发病率在年龄大于65岁的人群中愈来越高。 Though you may think that a little tiredness never hurt anyone, don't forget that fatigue can be a symptom of heart disease. In fact, according to one study, unexplained fatigue, shortness of breath and sleep disturbances were a better indicator of an imminent heart attack in female patients than actual chest pain. 但喘与疲劳也是心脏病的症状之一，要格外提高警觉。据统计，急性心肌梗塞的女性中，有超过七成曾出现气喘、疲倦感、失眠、消化不良、焦虑的情况，反而没有胸痛感。 Source: People's Daily Editor: Zhang Xi Intern: Ji Jiayue
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