中文解剖名词 | 英文解剖名词对照 |
总论 |
联络神经元 | association neuron |
轴突 | axon |
双极神经元 | bipolar neuron |
中枢神经系统 | Central nervous system |
化学突触 | Chemical synapse |
皮质 | Cortex |
树突 | Dendrite |
树突棘 | Dendrite spine |
电突触 | Electrical synapse |
纤维束 | Fasciculus |
神经节 | Ganglion |
神经胶质细胞 | Glial cell |
灰质 | Gray matter |
髓质 | Medulla |
运动神经元 | Motor neuron |
多级神经元 | Multipolar neuron |
髓鞘 | Myelin sheath |
神经 | Nerve |
神经细胞 | Nerve cell |
神经纤维 | Nerve fibers |
神经系统 | Nervous system |
神经原纤维 | Neurofibril |
神经胶质 | Neuroglia |
神经元 | Neuron |
尼氏体 | Nissl body |
神经核 | Nucleus |
假单极神经元 | Pseudounipolar neuron |
反射弧 | Reflex arc |
施万细胞 | Schwann cell |
感觉神经元 | Sensory neuron |
躯体神经 | Somatic nerve |
突触 | Synapse |
突触间隙 | Synapse cleft |
终扣 | Terminal bouton |
内脏神经 | Visceral nerve |
白质 | White matter |
中枢神经系统 |
皮质脊髓束 | Anterior corticospinal tract |
前索 | Anterior funiculus |
灰质前连合 | Anterior gray commissure |
前角 | Anterior horn |
前正中裂 | Anterior median fissure |
脊髓小脑前束 | Anterior spinocerebellar tract |
脊髓丘脑前束 | Anterior spinothalamic tract |
白质前连合 | Anterior white commissure |
Barne前外侧束 | Anterolateral tract of Barne |
布朗-色夸综合征 | Brown-Sequard syndrome |
马尾 | Cauda equine |
中央管 | Central canal |
颈膨大 | Cervical enlargement |
脊髓圆锥 | Conus medullaris |
皮质脊髓束 | Corticospinal tract |
背外侧束 | Dorsolateral fasciculus |
楔束 | Fasciculus cuneatus |
薄束 | Fasciculus gracilis |
终丝 | Filum terminale |
角 | Horn |
中间带 | Intermediate zone |
中间外侧核 | Intermediolateral nucleus |
中间内侧核 | Intermediomedial nucleus |
侧柱 | Lateral column |
皮质脊髓侧束 | Lateral corticospinal tract |
外侧索 | Lateral funiculus |
脊髓丘脑侧束 | Lateral spinothalamic tract |
腰骶膨大 | Lumbosacral enlargement |
内侧纵束 | Medial longitudinal fasciculus |
后角固有核 | Nucleus proprius |
胸核 | Nucleus thoracicus |
后柱 | posterior column |
后索 | Posterior funiculus |
灰质后连合 | Posterior gray commissure |
后正中沟 | Posterior median sulcus |
脊髓小脑后束 | Posterior spinocerebellar tract |
后角边缘核 | Posteromarginal nucleus |
网状结构 | Reticular formation |
网状脊髓束 | Reticulospinal tract |
红核脊髓束 | Rubrospinal tract |
骶副交感核 | Sacral parasympathetic nucleus |
脊髓 | Spinal cord |
胶状质 | Substantia gelatinosa |
顶盖脊髓束 | Tectospinal tract |
前庭脊髓束 | Vestibulospinal tract |
脑 |
展神经核 | Abducent nucleus |
副神经核 | Accessory nucleus |
动眼神经副核 | Accessory nucleus of oculomotor nerve |
听结节 | Acoustic tubercle |
前叶 | Anterior lobe |
脊髓小脑前束 | Anterior spinocerebellar tract |
原小脑 | Archicerebellum |
最后区 | Area postrema |
脑桥基底部 | Basilar part of pons |
基底沟 | Basilar sulcus |
结合臂 | Brachium conjunctivum |
下丘臂 | Brachium of inferor colliculus |
上丘臂 | Brachium of superior colliculus |
脑桥臂 | Brachium pontis |
脑干 | Brain stem |
脑 | Brain (或encephalon) |
延髓脑桥沟 | Bulbopontine sulcus |
小脑中央核 | Central nuclei of cerebellum |
小脑皮质 | Cerebellar cortex |
小脑半球 | Cerebellar hemispheres |
小脑核 | Cerebellar nuclei |
小脑 | Cerebellum |
大脑水管 | Cerebral aqueduct |
大脑脚 | Cerebral peduncle |
大脑小脑 | Cerebrocerebellum |
第四脑室脉络丛 | Choroids plexus of fouth ventricle |
攀缘纤维 | Climbing fiber |
蜗神经核 | Cochlear nucleus |
致密部 | Compact part |
小脑体 | Corpus of cerebellum |
皮质延髓束 | Corticobulbar tract |
大脑脚底 | Crus cerebri |
楔束核 | Cuneate nucleus |
楔束结节 | Cuneate tubercle |
内侧丘系交叉 | Decussation of medial lemniscus |
锥体交叉 | Decussation of pyramid |
齿状核 | Dentate nucleus |
蜗背侧核 | Dorsal cochlear nucleus |
迷走神经背核 | Dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve |
被盖背侧交叉 | Dorsal tegmental decussation |
E-W核 | Edinger-Westphal nucleus |
栓状核 | Emboliform nucleus |
面神经丘 | Facial colliculus |
顶核 | Fastigial nucleus |
绒球小结叶 | Flocculonodular lobe |
绒球 | Flocculus |
前脑 | Forebrain |
第四脑室 | Fourth ventricle |
面神经膝 | Genu of facial nerve |
巨细胞网状核 | Gigantocellular reticular nucleus |
球状核 | Globose nucleus |
小脑小球 | Glomerulus |
薄束核 | Gracile nucleus |
薄束结节 | Gracile tubercle |
菱脑 | Hindbrain |
水平裂 | Horizontal fissure |
舌下神经核 | Hypoglossal nucleus |
舌下神经三角 | Hypoglossal triangle |
小脑下脚 | Inferior cerebellar peduncle |
下丘 | Inferior colliculus |
下髓帆 | Inferior medullary velum |
下橄榄核 | Inferior olivary nucleus |
下泌涎核 | Inferior salivatory nucleus |
前庭下核 | Inferior vestibular nucleus |
内弓状纤维 | Internal arcuate fibers |
脚间窝 | Interpeduncular fossa |
中间核 | Interposed nuclei |
第四脑室外侧孔 | Lateral apertures of fourth ventricle |
外侧网状核 | Lateral reticular nucleus |
前庭外侧核 | Lateral vestibular nucleus |
蓝斑 | Locus ceruleus |
内侧隆起 | Medial eminence |
内侧丘系 | Medial lemniscus |
内侧纵束 | Medial longitudinal fasciculus |
前庭内侧核 | Medial vestibular nucleus |
第四脑室正中孔 | Median aperture of fourth ventricle |
正中沟 | Median sulcus |
延髓 | Medulla oblongata |
中脑水管 | mesencephalic aqueduct |
三叉神经中脑核 | Mesencephalic nucleus of trigeminal nerve |
中脑 | Mesencephalon |
后脑 | Metencephalon |
中脑 | Midbrain |
小脑中脚 | Middle cerebellar peduncle |
分子层 | Molecular layer |
三叉神经运动核 | Motor nucleus of trigeminal nerve |
末脑 | Myelencephalon |
新小脑 | Neocerebellum |
小结 | Nodule |
疑核 | Nucleus ambiguous |
展神经核 | Nucleus of abducent nerve |
面神经核 | Nucleus of facial nerve |
舌下神经核 | Nucleus of hypoglossal nerve |
下丘核 | Nucleus of inferior colliculus |
动眼神经核 | Nucleus of oculomotor nerve |
孤束核 | Nucleus of solitary tract |
滑车神经核 | Nucleus of trochlear nerve |
中缝背核 | Nucleus raphes dorsalis |
中缝大核 | Nucleus raphes magnus |
闩 | Obex |
橄榄 | Olive |
旧小脑 | Paleocerebellum |
臂旁核 | Parabrachial nuclei |
旁正中网状核 | Paramedian reticular nucleus |
小细胞网状核 | Parvocellular reticular nucleus |
梨状细胞层 | Piriform cell layer |
脑桥 | Pons |
三叉神经脑桥核 | Pontine nucleus of trigeminal nerve |
脑桥网状核 | Pontine reticular nuclei |
脑桥小脑三角 | Pontocerebellar trigone |
脑桥核 | Pontine nucleus |
小脑后切迹 | Posterior cerebellar notch |
后叶 | Posterior lobe |
后穿质 | Posterior perforated substance |
脊髓小脑后束 | Posterior spinocerebellar tract |
后外侧裂 | Posterolateral fissure |
顶盖前区 | Pretectal area |
原裂 | Primary fissure |
前脑 | Prosencephalon |
锥体 | Pyramid |
蚓锥体 | Pyramid of vermis |
锥体束 | Pyramidal tract |
红核 | Red nucleus |
绳状体 | Restiform body |
网状部 | Reticular part |
菱脑 | Rhombencephalon |
菱形窝 | Rhomboid fossa |
红核脊髓束 | Rubrospinal tract |
三叉神经脊束核 | Spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve |
三叉神经脊束 | Spinal tract of trigeminal nerve |
脊髓小脑 | Spinocerebellum |
脊髓丘脑束 | Spinothalamic tract |
髓纹 | Strae medullares |
黑质 | Substantia nigra |
界沟 | Sulcus limitans |
小脑上脚 | Superior cerebellar peduncle |
上丘 | Superior colliculus |
上髓帆 | Superior medullary velum |
上橄榄核 | Superior salivatory nucleus |
前庭上核 | Superior vestibular nucleus |
顶盖脊髓束 | Tectospinal tract |
顶盖 | Tectum |
被盖 | Tegmentum |
脑桥被盖部 | Tegmentum of pons |
第四脑室脉络组织 | Tela choroidea of fourth ventricle |
小脑扁桃体 | Tonsil of cerebellum |
斜方体 | Trapezoid body |
三叉丘系 | Trigeminal lemniscus |
三叉丘脑束 | Trigeminothalamic tract |
蚓结节 | Tuber of vermis |
蚓垂 | Uvula of vermis |
迷走神经三角 | Vagal triangle |
蜗腹侧核 | Ventral cochlear nucleus |
腹侧网状核 | Ventral reticular nucleus |
被盖腹侧交叉 | Ventral tegmental decussation |
小脑蚓 | Vermis |
前庭区 | Vestibular area |
前庭神经核 | Vestibular nuclei |
前庭小脑 | Vestibulocerebellum |
间脑、端脑 |
杏仁体 | Amygdaloid body |
角回 | Angular gyrus |
前连合 | Anterior commissure |
联络纤维 | Association fibers |
听觉区 | Auditory area |
听觉性语言中枢 | Auditory speech area |
基底核 | Basal nuclei |
距状沟 | Calcarine sulcus |
尾状核 | Caudate nucleus |
中央沟 | Central sulcus |
大脑皮质 | Cerebral cortex |
大脑纵裂 | Cerebral longitudinal fissure |
大脑横裂 | Cerebral transverse fissure |
扣带回 | Cingulated gyrus |
屏状核 | Claustrum |
侧副沟 | Collateral sulcus |
连合纤维 | Commissural fibers |
胼胝体 | Corpus callosum |
纹状体 | Corpus striatum |
齿状回 | Dentate gyrus |
间脑 | Diencephalons |
背侧纵束 | Dorsal longitudinal fasciculus |
背侧丘脑 | Dorsal thalamus |
上丘脑 | Epithalamus |
第Ⅰ躯体运动区 | First somatic motor area |
第Ⅰ躯体感觉区 | First somatic sensory area |
穹窿连合 | Fornical commissure |
穹窿 | Fornix |
额叶 | Frontal lobe |
苍白球 | Globus pallidus |
味觉区 | Gustatory area |
海马结构 | Hippocampal formation |
垂体门静脉 | Hypophysial portal veins |
垂体 | Hypophysis |
下丘脑沟 | Hypothalamic sulcus |
下丘脑 | Hypothalamus |
额下回 | Inferior frontal gyrus |
漏斗核 | Infundibular nucleus |
漏斗 | Infundibulum |
岛叶 | Insula |
额下沟 | Interior frontal sulcus |
内囊 | Internal capsule |
内髓板 | Internal medullary lamina |
室间孔 | Interventricular foramen |
外侧膝状体 | Lateral geniculate body |
外侧沟 | Lateral sulcus |
侧脑室 | Lateral ventricle |
豆状核 | Lentiform nucleus |
边缘叶 | Limbic lobe |
边缘系统 | Limbic system |
乳头丘脑束 | Mamillothalamic tract |
乳头体 | Mammilary body |
前脑内侧束 | Medial forebrain bundle |
内侧膝状体 | Medial geniculate body |
后丘脑 | Metathalamus |
额中回 | Middle frontal gyrus |
运动性语言中枢 | Motor speech area |
神经干细胞 | Neural stem cell |
枕叶 | Occipital lobe |
嗅觉区 | Olfactory area |
视交叉 | Optic chiasma |
中央旁小叶 | Paracentral lobule |
海马旁回 | Parahippocampal gyrus |
室旁核 | Paraventricular nucleus |
室旁垂体束 | Paraventriculohypophysial tract |
顶叶 | Parietal lobe |
顶枕沟 | Parietooccipital sulcus |
松果体 | Pineal body |
中央后回 | Postcentral gyrus |
中央前回 | Precentral gyrus |
投射纤维 | Projection fibers |
壳 | Putamen |
隔区 | Septal area |
底丘脑 | Subthalamus |
额上回 | Superior frontal gyrus |
额上沟 | Superior frontal sulcus |
缘上回 | Supramarginal gyrus |
视上核 | Supraoptic nucleus |
视上垂体束 | Supraopticohypophysial tract |
端脑 | Telencephalon |
颞叶 | Temporal lobe |
透明隔 | Transparent septum |
颞横回 | Transverse temporal gyrus |
灰结节 | Tuber cinerem |
结节垂体束 | tuberohypophysial tract |
结节漏斗束 | Tuberoinfundibular tract |
钩 | Uncus |
腹前核 | Ventral anterior nucleus |
腹外侧核 | Ventral lateral nucleus |
腹后核 | Ventral posterior nucleus |
腹后外侧核 | Ventral posterolateral nucleus |
腹后内侧核 | Ventral posteromedial nucleus |
平衡觉区 | Vestibular area |
视觉区 | Visual area |
视觉性语言中枢 | Visual speech area |
书写中枢 | Writing area |
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脑神经 |
展神经 | Abducent nerve |
副神经 | Accessory nerve |
副神经核 | Accessory nucleus |
传入神经 | Afferent nerves |
迷走神经前干 | Anterior vagal trunk |
顺行溃变 | Anterograde degeneration |
耳颞神经 | Auriculotemporal nerve |
自主神经系统 | Autonomic nervous system |
颊神经 | Buccal nerve |
颈动脉窦支 | Carotid sinus branch |
腹腔支 | Celiac branches |
颈支 | Cervical branch |
鼓索 | Chorda tymani |
睫状神经节 | Ciliary ganglion |
蜗神经节 | Cochlear nerve |
蜗神经 | Cochlear nerve |
交通支 | Communicating branch |
脑神经 | Cranial nerves |
传出神经 | Efferent nerves |
面神经 | Facial nerve |
额神经 | Frontal nerve |
神经节 | Ganglion |
膝神经节 | Geniculate ganglion |
舌咽神经 | Glossopharyngeal nerve |
耳大神经 | Great auricular nerve |
枕大神经 | Greater occipital nerve |
岩大神经 | Greater petrosal nerve |
肝支 | Hepatic branches |
舌下神经 | Hypoglossal nerve |
髂腹下神经 | Iliohypogastric nerve |
髂腹股沟神经 | Ilioinguinal nerve |
下牙槽神经 | Inferior alveolar nerve |
下神经节 | Inferior ganglion |
喉下神经 | Inferior laryngeal nerve |
眶下神经 | Infraorbital nerve |
滑车下神经 | Infratrochlear nerve |
中间神经 | Intermediate nerve |
泪腺神经 | Lacrimal nerve |
枕小神经 | Lesser occipital nerve |
岩小神经 | Lesser petrosal nerve |
舌支 | Lingual branches |
舌神经 | Lingual nerve |
下颌神经 | Mandibular nerve |
下颌缘支 | Marginal madibular branch |
上颌神经 | Maxillary nerve |
鼻睫神经 | Nasociliary nerve |
动眼神经 | Oculomotor nerve |
嗅神经 | Olfactory nerve |
眼神经 | Ophthalmic nerve |
视神经 | Optic nerve |
耳神经节 | Otic ganglion |
副交感神经 | Parasympathetic nerve |
周围神经系统 | Peripheral nervous system |
咽支 | Pharyngeal branche |
膈神经 | Phrenic nerve |
后支 | Posterior branch |
胃后支 | Posterior gastric branche |
后根 | Posterior root |
迷走神经后干 | Posterior vagal trunk |
翼腭神经节 | Pterygopalatine ganglion |
喉返神经 | Recurrent laryngeal nerve |
逆行溃变 | Retrograde degeneration |
躯体神经 | Somatic nerve |
脊神经节 | Spinal ganglion |
脊神经 | Spinal nerve |
镫骨肌神经 | Stapedial nerve |
下颌下神经节 | Submandibular ganglion |
上牙槽神经 | Superior alveolar nerves |
上神经节 | Superior ganglion |
喉上神经 | Superior laryngeal nerve |
锁骨上神经 | Supraclavicular nerves |
眶上神经 | Supraorbital nerve |
滑车上神经 | Supratrochlear nerve |
颞支 | Temporal branches |
三叉神经节（半月节） | Trigeminal ganglion |
三叉神经 | Trigeminal nerve |
滑车神经 | Trochlear nerve |
鼓室神经 | Tympanic nerve |
迷走神经 | Vagus nerve |
植物神经系统 | Vegetative nervous system |
前庭神经节 | Vestibular ganglion |
前庭神经 | Vestibular nerve |
前庭蜗神经 | Vestibulocochlear nerve |
内脏神经 | Visceral nerves |
颧神经 | Zygomatic nerve |
内脏神经系统 |
腹主动脉丛 | Abdominal aortic plexus |
主动脉肾神经节 | Aorticorenal ganglion |
自主神经系统 | Autonomic nervous system |
心丛 | Cardiac plexus |
腹腔神经节 | Celiac ganglion |
腹腔丛 | Celiac plexus |
颈外动脉丛 | External carotid plexus |
交感干神经节 | Ganglia of sympathetic trunk |
奇神经节 | Ganglion impar |
内脏大神经 | Greater splanchnic nerve |
灰交通支 | Grey communicating branches |
海德带 | Head zones |
腹下丛 | Hypogastric plexus |
颈下神经节 | Inferior cervical ganglion |
肠系膜下神经节 | Inferior mesenteric ganglia |
节间支 | Interganglionic branches |
颈内动脉丛 | Internal carotid plexus |
内脏小神经 | Lesser splanchnic nerve |
腰内脏神经 | Lumbar cervical ganglion |
副交感神经 | Parasympathetic nerve |
椎旁神经节 | Paravertebral ganglion |
盆丛 | Pelvic plexus |
盆内脏神经 | Pelvic splanchnic nerve |
咽丛 | Pharyngeal plexus |
内脏神经丛 | Plexus of visceral nerve |
节后纤维 | Postganglionic fiber |
节后神经元 | Postganglionic neruron |
节前纤维 | Preganglionic fiber |
节前神经元 | Preganglionic neuron |
星状神经节 | Stellate ganglion |
锁骨下动脉丛 | Subclavian plexus |
颈上神经节 | Superior cervical ganglion |
肠系膜上神经节 | Superior mesenteric ganglion |
交感干 | Sympathetic trunk |
交感神经 | Sympathetic nerve |
胸神经节 | Thoracic ganglia |
植物神经系统 | Vegetative nervous system |
椎动脉丛 | Vertebral plexus |
内脏运动神经 | Visceral motor nerve |
内脏神经系统 | Visceral nervous system |
内脏感觉神经 | Visceral sensory nerve |
白交通支 | White communicating branches |
神经系统传导路 |
听辐射 | Acoustic radiationg |
肾上腺能通路 | Adrenergic pathway |
胺能通路 | Aminergic patheway |
听觉传导通路 | Auditory pathway |
丘脑中央辐射 | Central radiation of thalamus |
化学通路 | Chemical pathways |
胆碱能通路 | Cholinergic pathway |
传导通路 | Conductive pathway |
皮质核束 | Corticonuclear tract |
皮质脊髓束 | Corticospinal tract |
多巴胺能通路 | Dopaminergic pathway |
平衡觉传导通路 | Equilibrium pathway |
锥体外系 | Extrapyramidal system |
最后公路 | Final common pathway |
一般内脏感觉传导通路 | General visceral sensory pathway |
核下瘫 | Infranuclear paralysis |
下运动神经元 | Lower motor neuron |
运动（下行）传导通路 | Motor (descending) pathway |
震颤麻痹 | Parkinson’s disease |
瞳孔对光反射 | Pupillary light reflex pathway |
锥体束 | Pyramidal tract |
锥体系 | Pyramidal system |
感觉（上行）传导通路 | Sensory (ascending) pathway |
特殊内脏感觉传导通路 | Special visceral sensory pathway |
核上瘫 | Supranuclear paralysis |
上运动神经元 | Upper motor neuron |
视觉传导通路 | Visual pathway |
脑和脊髓的被膜、血管及脑脊液循环 |
大脑前动脉 | Anterior cerebral artery |
脉络丛前动脉 | Anterior choroid artery |
前交通动脉 | Anterior communicating artery |
小脑下前动脉 | Anterior inferior cerebellar artery |
脊髓前动脉 | Anterior spinal artery |
蛛网膜粒 | Arachnoid granulations |
基底动脉 | Basilar artery |
血-脑屏障（BBB） | Blood-brain barrier |
海绵窦 | Cavernous sinus |
小脑镰 | Cerebellar falx |
小脑延髓池 | Cerebellomedullary cistern |
脑蛛网膜 | Cerebral arachnoid mater |
大脑动脉环（Willis 环） | Cerebral arterial circle |
硬脑膜 | Cerebral dura mater |
软脑膜 | Cerebral pia mater |
脑脊液（CSF） | Cerebral spinal fluid |
脑脊液-脑屏障 | Cerebrospinalfliud-brain barrier |
窦汇 | Confluence of sinuses |
齿状韧带 | Denticulate ligament |
鞍膈 | Diaphragma sellae |
硬膜外隙 | Epidural space |
大脑大静脉（Galen静脉） | Great cerebral vein |
下矢状窦 | Inferior sagittal sinus |
颈内动脉 | Internal carotid artery |
大脑中动脉 | Middle cerebral artery |
后交通动脉 | Posterior communicating artery |
脊髓后动脉 | Posterior spinal artery |
小脑下后动脉 | Posterior inferior cerebellar artery |
乙状窦 | Sigmoid sinus |
硬脑膜窦 | Sinuses of dura mater |
脊髓蛛网膜 | Spinal arachoid mater |
硬脊膜 | Spinal dura mater |
软脊膜 | Spinal pia mater |
直窦 | Straight sinus |
蛛网膜下池 | Subarachnoid cisterns |
蛛网膜下隙 | Subarachnoid space |
上矢状窦 | Superior sagittal sinus |
小脑幕 | Tentorium of cerebellum |
终池 | Terminal cistern |
横窦 | Transverse sinus |
椎动脉 | Vertebral artery |
