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一 pyautogui模块简要说明## 使用 pyautogui 模块相关函数，可以模拟鼠标及键盘操作， 完整说明文档见: http://pyautogui./# pip install pyautogui# 要注意的是，模拟移动鼠标与击键可能太快，导致其他程序跟不上，并且程序可能失去控制，# 需要掌握如何从问题中恢复，至少要能中止它。# 防止或恢复GUI自动化问题# 1) 使用pyautogui.PAUSE设置每个PyAutoGUI函数调用在执行动作后暂停的秒数# 2) pyautogui自动防故障功能：将鼠标移到屏幕的左上角，来抛出failSafeException异常二 控制鼠标移动与交互三 屏幕快照与识别比较四 控制键盘五 综合例子具体见以下代码及说明：## 使用 pyautogui 模块相关函数，可以模拟鼠标及键盘操作， 完整说明文档见: http://pyautogui./ # pip install pyautogui # 要注意的是，模拟移动鼠标与击键可能太快，导致其他程序跟不上，并且程序可能失去控制， # 需要掌握如何从问题中恢复，至少要能中止它。 # 防止或恢复GUI自动化问题 # 1) 使用pyautogui.PAUSE设置每个PyAutoGUI函数调用在执行动作后暂停的秒数 # 2) pyautogui自动防故障功能：将鼠标移到屏幕的左上角，来抛出failSafeException异常 import pyautogui pyautogui.PAUSE = 1 pyautogui.FAILSAFE = True # 启用自动防故障功能 width,height = pyautogui.size() # 屏幕的宽度和高度 pyautogui.position() # 鼠标当前位置 ## 控制鼠标移动 for i in range(10): pyautogui.moveTo(100,100,duration=0.25) # 移动到 (100,100) pyautogui.moveTo(200,100,duration=0.25) pyautogui.moveTo(200,200,duration=0.25) pyautogui.moveTo(100,200,duration=0.25) for i in range(10): pyautogui.moveRel(100,0,duration=0.25) # 从当前位置右移100像素 pyautogui.moveRel(0,100,duration=0.25) # 向下 pyautogui.moveRel(-100,0,duration=0.25) # 向左 pyautogui.moveRel(0,-100,duration=0.25) # 向上 ## 例子:持续获取鼠标位置并更新显示 # 1.获取当前坐标 # 2.在屏幕上打印，并删除之前打印的坐标 # 3.处理异常，并能按键退出 # Displays the mouse cursor's currrent position. import pyautogui print('Press Ctrl-C to quit.') try: while True: # Get and print the mouse coordinates. x,y = pyautogui.position() positionStr = 'X: '+str(x).rjust(4)+' Y:'+str(y).rjust(4) pix = pyautogui.screenshot().getpixel((x,y)) # 获取鼠标所在屏幕点的RGB颜色 positionStr += ' RGB:('+str(pix[0]).rjust(3)+','+str(pix[1]).rjust(3)+','+str(pix[2]).rjust(3)+')' print(positionStr,end='') # end='' 替换了默认的换行 print('\b'*len(positionStr),end='',flush=True) # 连续退格键并刷新，删除之前打印的坐标，就像直接更新坐标效果 except KeyboardInterrupt: # 处理 Ctrl-C 按键 print('\nDone.') ## 控制鼠标交互 # pyautogui.click() 封装了 pyautogui.mouseDown()和pyautogui.mouseUp(), 这两个函数也可以单独使用 # pyautogui.doubleClick() 双击左键， pyautogui.rightClick() 双击右键，pyautogui.middleClick() 双击中键 import pyautogui pyautogui.click(10,5) # 在(10,5)单击鼠标，默认左键 pyautogui.click(100,150,button='left') pyautogui.click(200,250,button='right') # pyautogui.dragTo() 按键并拖动鼠标移动，参数为坐标，与moveTo相同 # pyautogui.dragRel() 按键并拖动鼠标移动，参数为距离，与moveRel相同 import pyautogui,time time.sleep(5) # 这里停顿5秒，用于手工打开windows绘图应用，并选中铅笔或画图工具，让鼠标停留在画图工具的窗口中 # 或使用在线paint (http://) pyautogui.click() # click to put drawing program in focus distance = 200 while distance > 0 : pyautogui.dragRel(distance,0,duration=0.2) # move right distance = distance - 5 pyautogui.dragRel(0,distance,duration=0.2) # move down pyautogui.dragRel(-distance,0,duration=0.2) # move left distance = distance - 5 pyautogui.dragRel(0,-distance,duration=0.2) # move up print('Done') pyautogui.scroll(200) # 鼠标向上滚动200像素 pyautogui.scroll(-100) # 负数向下 import pyperclip numbers = '' for i in range(200): numbers = numbers + str(i) + '\n' pyperclip.copy(numbers) print(numbers) # 这里手动打开一个文本窗口，粘贴 import time,pyautogui time.sleep(5);pyautogui.scroll(100) ## 分析屏幕快照 import pyautogui im = pyautogui.screenshot() # 获取屏幕快照 im.getpixel((50,200)) # (130,135,144) pyautogui.pixelMatchesColor(50,200,(130,135,144)) # True 可用来判断屏幕是否发生变化 pyautogui.pixelMatchesColor(50,200,(255,135,144)) # False # 图像定位识别 pyautogui.locateOnScreen('submit.png') # 在屏幕上查找匹配与文件相同的区域--每个区域像素都要相同 左,顶,宽,高 pyautogui.center(pyautogui.locateOnScreen('submit.png')) # 获取匹配图像中心点坐标 pyautogui.click((678,759)) # 点击该区域核心 list(pyautogui.locateAllOnScreen('submit.png')) # 匹配到多处，返回区域list ## 控制键盘 pyautogui.click(100,100);pyautogui.typewrite('Hello python') pyautogui.typewrite(['a','b','left','left','X','Y']) # typewrite可传入击键列表，这里输出XYab，left是左箭头 print(pyautogui.KEYBOARD_KEYS) # pyautogui接受的所有可能字符串 pyautogui.press('enter') # 接受按键命令 pyautogui.keyDown('shift');pyautogui.press('4');pyautogui.keyUp('shift') # 输出 $ 符号的按键 #热键组合 pyautogui.keyDown('ctrl') pyautogui.keyDown('c') pyautogui.keyUp('c') pyautogui.keyUp('ctrl') # 这四句是组合 ctrl-c，类似这种顺序按下，再反序释放的，可以用hotkey() pyautogui.hotkey('ctrl','c') # 同上面四句，组合键 pyautogui.hotkey('ctrl','alt','shift','s') # Ctrl-Alt-Shift-S 热键组合 ## 综合例子: 自动填表程序 # http:///form # 将电子表格中的大量数据自动输入到另一个应用的表单界面 # 1.点击表单的第一个文本字段 # 2.遍历表单，再每个输入栏键入信息 # 3.点击submit按钮 # 4.用下一组数据重复这个过程 # Automatically fills in the form. import pyautogui,time # set these to the correct coordinates for your computer. nameField = (648,319) submitButton = (651,817) submitButtonColor = (75,141,249) submitAnotherLink = (760,224) formData = [{'name':'Alice','fear':'eavppers','source':'wand','robocop':4,'comments':'Tell us'}, {'name':'Bog','fear':'eaves','source':'crystal','robocop':4,'comments':'Big room'}, {'name':'Kad','fear':'apple','source':'woold','robocop':1,'comments':'Nice day'}, {'name':'Cace','fear':'ppers','source':'ball','robocop':5,'comments':'n/a'} ] pyautogui.PAUSE = 0.5 for person in formData: # Give the user a chance to kill the script. print('>>> 5 SECOND PAUSE TO LET USER PRESS CTRL-C <<<') time.sleep(5) # Wait until the form page has loaded. while not pyautogui.pixelMatchesColor(submitButton[0],submitButton[1],submitButtonColor): time.sleep(0.5) print('Entering %s info...' % (person['name'])) pyautogui.click(nameField[0],nameField[1]) # 单击第一个文本字段输入位置 # Fill out the Name field. pyautogui.typewrite(person['name']+'\t') # 输入该域，并按下 tab 键，将焦点转向下一个输入框 # Fill out the Greatest Fear(s) field. pyautogui.typewrite(person['fear']+'\t') # 处理下拉框 # Fill out the Source of Wizard Powers Field if person['source'] == 'wand': pyautogui.typewrite(['down','\t']) elif person['source'] == 'crystal': pyautogui.typewrite(['down','down','\t']) elif person['source'] == 'woold': pyautogui.typewrite(['down','down','down','\t']) elif person['source'] == 'ball': pyautogui.typewrite(['down','down','down','down','\t']) # 处理单选按钮 # Fill out the RoboCop field if person['robocop'] == 1: pyautogui.typewrite([' ','\t']) elif person['robocop'] == 2: pyautogui.typewrite(['right','\t']) elif person['robocop'] == 3: pyautogui.typewrite(['right','right','\t']) elif person['robocop'] == 4: pyautogui.typewrite(['right','right','right','\t']) elif person['robocop'] == 5: pyautogui.typewrite(['right','right','right','right','\t']) # Fill out the Additional Comments field. pyautogui.typewrite(person['comments']+'\t') # Click Submit. pyautogui.press('enter') # Wait until form page has loaded. print('Clicked submit.') time.sleep(5) # Click the Submit another response link. pyautogui.click(submitAnotherLink[0],submitAnotherLink[1]) --------------------- 本文来自 周雄伟 的CSDN 博客 ，全文地址请点击：https://blog.csdn.net/ebzxw/article/details/80740515?utm_source=copy |
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