一、独立主格结构的形式英语中,独立主格结构的形式是:名词或代词跟形容词、副词、介词短语、非谓语动词连在一起,构成独立主格结构。 1. 名词 / 代词 + 不定式。 如: A house to be built, we must save every cent. 由于要建一座房子,我们必须节省每一分钱。 Now here is Li Lei, Wei Fang to come tomorrow. 现在李蕾来了,魏方明天到。
2. 名词 / 代词 + -ing分词。 如: The bus coming here soon, we should get everything ready. 汽车很快就要来了,我们应该把一切事情准备好。 Mother being ill, Li Lei was very worried. 母亲病了,李蕾非常焦急。
3. 名词 / 代词 + 动词的过去分词。 如: His cup broken, he used his bowl instead. 茶杯破了,他就用碗来代替。
4. 名词 / 代词 + 形容词。 如: The ground muddy, we should be careful. 地面泞泥,我们应该小心。
5. 名词 / 代词 + 副词。 如: The class over, we all went out to play. 下课后,我们都出去玩。
6. 名词 / 代词 + 介词短语。 如: Glasses in his hand, he asked where his glasses were. 手里拿着眼镜,他问他的眼镜哪去了。
二、独立主格结构的句法功能独立主格结构在句子中作状语,表示时间、原因、条件和伴随等情况。 1. 作时间状语 如: School over, the students went home. 放学后,学生们都回家了。 The ceremony ended, the games began. 仪式结束后,比赛开始了。
2. 作条件状语 如: It being fine tomorrow, we’ll go boating. 如果明天天气好的话,我们就去划船。 Li Lei coming, it is not necessary to ask Wu Dong. 如果李蕾来的话,就没有必要叫吴东了。
3. 作原因状语 如: The meeting being put off, we needn’t hurry. 由于会议推迟了,我们就没有必要匆忙了。 Mr. Li being ill, Miss Yang will give us this lesson instead. 李老师病了,杨老师将代他来给我们上这堂课。
4. 作伴随状语 如: Mr. Li comes here, a book in his hand. 李先生手里拿着书过来了。 A smile on her face, she asked what she could do for us. 她面带微笑问道我们要什么。
5. 作定语 如: He had maybe a thousand tapes, all neatly labelled and catalogued. 他大约有1,000盒磁带,都整齐地贴着标签并分了类。 We produce our own hair-care products, all based on herbal recipes. 我们自己生产护发产品,全部采用草本配方。
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